DE2109140A1 - Actuating device for motor vehicles and working machines that can be used in agriculture and / or construction with an actuating element for adjusting the direction of travel and the speed of travel - Google Patents

Description

klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG ■ Cologne Cologne 5 80 »the 9> Feb. 1971

Our reference: D 71/26 AP Nau / B Actuator

for agricultural and / or construction-related motor vehicles and work machines Bit an actuator for adjustment the direction of travel and the speed of travel

The invention relates to an actuating device for agricultural and / or construction usable motor vehicles and Arbeltsmaschinen, in particular tracked vehicles, wherein each vehicle side a hydrostatic unit, each consisting of a hydro ä pump and a respective hydraulic motor which is associated with the adjustment of the hydrostatic units each Side has a hydraulic servo device with control valves, with an actuator being provided which can be pivoted in the direction of travel and rotatable about its longitudinal axis, by means of which, when pivoting in or against the direction of travel, both units move equally forwards or backwards, when turning the one unit forwards and backwards the other unit can be set to reverse and when both movements are superimposed, the units can be set to cornering.

From British patent specification 966 260 an actuator for motor vehicles is known which has an actuator. has, to which a balance beam is attached, which is connected to two rods via angle levers. The linkages are used Adjustment of the hydraulic pump on each side. By turning the actuating member, the hydraulic pumps are opposed; by pivoting the actuating member, both hydraulic pumps

BATH ORIGINAL

209836/0584

- 2 - 9.2-1971

D 71/26

adjusted forward or backward in the same direction. A superposition of the movements causes cornering. In the case of motor vehicles of the newer design, in those for increasing the degree of efficiency or for enlarging the adjustment range. an adjustment of both the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor is provided, a mechanical adjustment of the two motors and the two pumps is unfavorable. Both hydrostatic units are therefore adjusted by a servo device that has four control valves through which all of the vehicle's motion sequences can be coordinated. An actuator according to the state of the art is not suitable for controlling two hydraulic pumps and two hydraulic motors, especially since significant reaction forces occur on the actuator when only the pumps are mechanically actuated, so that sensitive driving is made difficult. The actuating device also has the disadvantage that it cannot be used to generate independent control pulses or can only be generated with great difficulty, which, for example, are required in a BflFgger to operate an implement and the chassis. _x

Based on the state of the art, it is the object of the invention to use simple means to improve an actuating device for motor vehicles of the above type, while avoiding the above disadvantages through a pivoting movement and a twisting movement of the actuating member and by superimposing the both movements, the control valves can be operated individually or in pairs with the same or different strengths. Included

BAD ORfGJNAL 209836/0584

21Q9H0

- 3 - 9.2.1971

. D 71/26

the simultaneous actuation of both adjacent and opposite pairs of valves should also be possible.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the control valves are concentric, at regular intervals around the circumference are distributed around the .Betrieb member and are connected to a transmission head attached to the actuator stand, which has two opposing projections projecting into the gaps between each xwei valves in the direction of action. Through this I. Arrangement, the object on which the invention is based is achieved and, in addition, an actuating device is advantageously created which is designed to save space and which the driver of the Motor vehicle enables sensitive driving due to the low expenditure of force.

In order to protect the actuator from unwanted transverse pivoting movement and the control valves and the transmission head from damage, it is useful that the actuator with λ the transmission head is mounted within a guide bracket and is guided in a setting parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. In order, for example, to save the driver from having to hold on to the actuating member for a long journey at a steady speed, it is advantageous that a locking device is provided which arrests the pivoting movement of the actuating member. This can be produced with simple means in that the locking device can be swiveled parallel to the gate of the guide bracket,

BAD ORK3INAL

2098387058A

FMO *

- 4 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

en guide bracket mounted tooth segment is formed. On the other hand, it is also useful that the locking device a bell-shaped one rotatably mounted around the actuator Has part with at least two teeth, which in associated LUcken two arched toothed segments arranged parallel to the gate engage, the bell-shaped part being carried along by a sleeve that is non-rotatably but slidably guided on the actuating member an actuating handle by a collar of the same against the forces of at least one compression spring acting on the bell-shaped part is movable. Also with this locking device, in which the bell-shaped part is rotatably mounted on the sleeve, the rotary movement of the actuator is not impaired in the locking position.

In order, for example, to be able to lock the actuating member in a twisted position when cornering for a long time, it is proposed that a locking device be provided which fixes the rotary movement of the actuating member. A favorable embodiment is obtained when the locking device has at least one on the actuating member rotatably and slidably arranged, spring-loaded ratchet arm, which is in operative connection with a ratchet disk mounted on the actuating member and non-rotatably guided in the guide bracket. Since the raster disk in the cladding box is only secured against rotation, the actuating element can be pivoted unhindered. Its easy-to-release locking device for the rotary movement is achieved in that the

BAD ORfGiNAL

209836/0584

2109HO

- 5 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

Latch arm on one on the actuator rotatably but against the force of a spring slidably guided tube is attached to an operating handle. In this version, through Lifting the pipe by means of the operating handle of the Rasteraa be lifted out of its lock so that a slight rotation is possible, which is why the latter locking device the preference is to be given.

In order for the actuator to be in any position without | to have to adjust the same, to achieve a rapid increase in the tractive force of the vehicle, it is advantageous that the actuating element has a switching element that controls the control slide via an electrical, hydraulic or mechanical remote control, which short-circuit the hydraulic servo device of one side with that of the other side. In particular, this arrangement a complex and difficult adjustment and calibration of the transmission head, the control valves and servo devices of the one Side opposite those of the other side, which would be necessary to generate a straight line, avoided.

In a motor vehicle, for example an excavator, in which the Travel drive a * hydrostatic transmission with, for example, a The hydraulic pump and two hydraulic motors are assigned and the working device can be actuated by at least one hydraulic servomotor, It is favorable that the control valves are distributed concentrically, at the same angular intervals over the circumference, corresponding to the hydraulic units in pairs on radii of different sizes from

209836/0584

FMO *

- 6 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

Pivot bearings of the actuating member are arranged remotely and the transmission head has two corresponding actuating surfaces, wherein one of the two surfaces has at least one projection. This arrangement is particularly advantageous because it the gap between two valves into which a projection protrudes is larger, so that the slope of the flanks of the projection is thereby increased can be selected lower, whereby a somewhat more indirect control is achieved.

Other properties, features and advantages of the present invention can therefore use the following description of the drawings, which represent exemplary embodiments of the invention in a simplified manner, can be removed. Show it:

Fig. 1 an actuating device in sketched form, in which the pressure medium lines and the control slide for short-circuiting both sides are shown, Fig. 2, the actuating device according to the invention in one

compared to Fig. 1 enlarged scale in side view with a section through the guide bracket, Fig. 2a the same © actuation device as Fig. 2 but with

a side view rotated by 90 ° compared to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is a rare view of an actuator according to the invention with horizontally arranged control valves and a corresponding transmission head,

Fig. 3a is a top view of the actuating device according to Fig. 3, in which the guide bracket has been omitted,

209836/0584

- 7 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

Fig. 4 is a side view of the actuating device according to FIG

Invention according to Fig. 2, with a locking device for the rotary movement of the actuating member as well a locking device for the pivoting movement,

Fig. 4a is a side view of the actuating device according to Fig. with a side view rotated by 90 °, in which, in addition to the arresting and locking device, the switching element can be seen,

Fig. 5 and 5a the same views of the same actuation ^ device like Fig. 4 and 4a but with a modified locking and locking device,

Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of an actuator with actuating pins de «* control valve.,

Fig. 7 is a sketched top view of the actuating pins according to Fig. 6,

Figs. 8 and 9 correspond to Figs. 6 and 7, but they show a side view rotated by 90 °,

Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of an actuating device, in which the actuating pins on different Radii are arranged,

Fig. 11 is a sketched plan view showing the arrangement of the Actuation pins can be seen,

Figs. 12 and 13 correspond to Figs. 10 and 11, but there is one Side view rotated by 90 ° shown.

209836/06 * 4

FSMd

- 8 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

In Fig. 1, 1 denotes an actuator which is designed as an articulated lever. From the upper end, that carries Actuating member 1 a handle 2 ″ on which a switching element 3, which is designed as a pressure switch, is attached. Farther a transmission head 4 is arranged on the actuator so that it cannot rotate and slide. To the actuating member at the level of the transmission head 4 are concentric to this control valves 5, 6, 7 and 8 attached, which are with their actuation pins 9 »10, 11 and 12 with the transmission head 4 in connection. The actuation pins are made of springs 13 »14, 15 and 16, which are between the head of the Pins and the valves are arranged, pressed against the transfer head 4.

Between the control valve 5 and 6 and between the control valve 7 and β is one line 17 and 18 each »where both at another line 19 are connected. The line 19 is connected to a pressure medium line 20 which is connected to the pressure side a pressure medium pump, not shown, is connected. Between the control valve 5 and 6 and the control valve 7 and 8 there is g », ieine further connecting line 2Cfcuund 21 arranged, which has a Lines 23 and 24 are connected to a storage container 25. The control valves 5 and 7 also each have a pressure medium line 26 and 27, which lead to a two-position slide 28, which is actuated by an electromagnet 29 acting on it. In the position shown, the two-position slide allows two lines a free passage, so that the line 26

BAD OBiGiNAL

209836/0584

2109H0

- 9 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

old connected to a line 30, which leads to a servo device, not shown, of the hydrostatic Puape assigned to the right-hand side of the vehicle and there effects an adjustment of the pump to forward travel; The line 27 is connected to a line 31, corresponding to the line 26, which, in accordance with the line 30, controls a servomechanism of the pump assigned to the left-hand side in the same sense. To the control valves 6 and β lines are connected 32 and 33, leading to a symmetrically arranged for two-position slide 28 i Zweistellungsschie- about 34 which is controlled by an electromagnet 35th In the position shown, the two-position slide connects the line 32 with a line 36 which, corresponding to the line 30, leads to the servo device of the right hydraulic pump, but there effects an adjustment to reverse travel. In the illustrated position of the two-position slider 34, the line is also connected to a line 37, which causes the left hydraulic pump to move backwards. Between the line 30 and the line 36 there is a connecting line 33 in which a three-way valve 39 is installed, the further connection of which is connected to a line 40 which leads to the servo device of the right hydraulic motor and adjusts the motor there. In a mirror-inverted manner, an intermediate line 41 with a three-way valve 42 is arranged between the line 31 and the line 37, on which a pressure medium line 43 is arranged, which leads to the servo device of the left hydraulic motor.

BATH ORIGINAL

209836/0534

F 36Od

- 1Q - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

The control valves 5> 6, 7 and 8 are designed as pressure holding valves, so that in the position shown, the over the Lines 20, 19, 18 and 17 delivered pressure medium via the Lei-r Lines 20fc 21, 23 and 24 can flow off into the storage container. Only by pressing the BetStigungestifte 9, 10, 11 and 12 and by moving in the direction of the control valves, the outflow of the pressure medium via lines 2Q & 21 is throttled and for this purpose pressure medium is supplied to lines 26, 27, 32 and 33, the more the control valves are actuated. ·

The electromagnets 29 and 35 are via a cable 44 with a Power source 45 connected. The power source 45 is connected to its ground pole 46 on the vehicle, so that a circuit over this can be produced. Furthermore, a cable 47 is connected between the electromagnets 29 and 35, which cable 48 is connected to the switching element 3 · By actuating the switching element, the line 48 is connected to the handle 2, e® that A mass connection via this and the actuation aglled 1 the vehicle is produced, so that a current flows in magnets 29 and 35, whereby the two-position slide 28 and 29 is actuated will. This has the consequence that once the line 26 is terminated and the line 27 both with the line 30 and with the Line 31 is connected, on the other hand via the two-position slide 34, the line 33 is closed and the line 32 with the Lei-r lines 37 and 36 is connected. As a result, the control valves 8 and 8 are disabled, so that only the control valves 6 and 7

* «, _Λ r _Λ , BAD ORiGtNAL

209836/0584

F IRO ti

- 11 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

operate the servomechanism, namely valve 7 for forward travel and valve 6 for reverse travel. An actuation of a the valves 6 and 7 causes the same adjustment of the pump and the motor for both sides of the vehicle, which means driving straight ahead Consequence.

In FIGS. 2 and 2a, the transmission head 4 is designed like a bell and is screwed to the actuating member 1 by means of a thread 49 »which is attached to the actuating member 1, and by means of a lock nut 50 | secured. The lower edge of the bell-shaped transfer head 4 has two opposing recesses 86, which are located between the gaps in the actuating pins 9 and 10 as well as 11 and 12 are arranged and also two opposing projections which are in the gaps between the control pins 9 and 11 and 10 and 12 tower. The transfer head £ is attached to the actuator that the one projection on the pivoting movement of the Actuator 1 related, in front of the actuator and the other behind the actuator. The dashed outlines of the handle 2 and the actuator 1 show the outer pivot positions of the actuator 1. In Figs. 2 and 2a, the control valves 5 »6, 7 and 8 are not visible, but only the actuating pins 9, 10, the opposite 9 lying actuating pin 11 and the actuating pin 12, which are not visible. The control valves are arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the actuating member 1 and housed within a housing 51. On a cover plate 52, which is screwed to the housing 51,

;: 09836/05 ^ 4

FtWd

- 12 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

a ball socket 53 is attached, which is connected to the lower end of the Actuating glledea, which is designed accordingly as a ball head is, is in connection · Furthermore, on the cover plate 52 is a FUhrungebUgel 54 attached, in its upper flat surface a Kulisee 55 possesses.

If the actuator 1 is now pivoted to the right in Fig. 2, the pins 10 and 12 are moved downwards so that, as shown in FIG and 43 an adjustment of the servo devices of the hydraulic pumps takes place. A simultaneous additional rotation of the actuating member causes the pins 10 to be actuated to different degrees and 12, which leads to a different amount of adjustment of the hydrostatic units, so that the vehicle travels a curve. A pivoting of the actuating member 1 in Fig. 2 to the left causes an actuation of the pins 9 and 11, which causes a forward drive via the control valves 5 and 7. Sine twist of the Actuating member without pivoting, for example counterclockwise * causes actuation of the actuating pin 9 and 12 due to the projections 87, whereby the control valves 5 and 6 are actuated so that in the line 30 and 38 as well as after switching over the three-way valve 39 in dl · line # 0 Pressure medium arrives, which causes an adjustment of the right hydrostatic unit to forward travel. Furthermore arrives from

2098 i / 0584

2109H0

- 13 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

Control valve 8 pressure medium in line 33, line 37 and 41 and after switching the three-way valve 42 into line 43 » which causes an adjustment of the hydrostatic unit on the left side to reverse. As a result, the vehicle turns on the spot.

In Figs. 3 and 3a, the control valves 5 »6, 7 and 8 with their control pins 9, 10, 11 and 12 are arranged horizontally and attached to a base plate 56. The transmission head 4 is designed in a disk-shaped manner in accordance with the arrangement of the control valves. According to the arrangement of the control valves is also the PUhrungsbUgel 54 modified and screwed to the control valves.

In FIGS. 4 and 4 a, a double latch arm 57 is attached to the thread 49 of the actuating member 1 and is secured by a lock nut 58. On the transfer head 4 is a rotatable Locking disk 59 supported, which is secured against twisting by means of flats 60 in the guide bracket 54. If the actuating member 1 is now rotated, the resiliently flexible double raster arm 57, which rotates at the same time, engages in notches in the raster disk 60 and. holds the actuator in this position. The pivoting movement of the actuator is not restricted because the Grid disk 59 can slide along its lateral flats 60 along the PUhrungsbUgels 54.

209836/0584

2109U0

- 14 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

A sleeve 61 is arranged around the actuating member 1 and has a collar at its lower edge. The sleeve 61 also has slots 62 through which a pin 63 fastened in the actuating member 1 extends. At the upper end of the sleeve 61 is an actuating handle 64 attached, which is loaded by a compression spring 65 supported on the handle 2 of the actuating member. Above the collar of the sleeve 61 and pressed against the collar via a compression spring 66, which is supported on the pin 63, a bell-shaped part 67 is mounted, which has two opposite teeth 63 and 69 on its lower edge. Two tooth segments 70 and 71 are attached to the guide bracket 54 parallel to the gate 55 and have tooth gaps corresponding to the teeth 68 and 69, in which the teeth 68 and 69 of the bell-shaped part engage due to the force of the compression spring 66. If the bell-shaped part 67 is raised by lifting the sleeve 61 by the actuating handle 64 against the forces of the springs 65 and 66, the pivoting movement of the actuating member 1 is unlocked. By turning the bell-shaped part 67 by 90 ^Q , the teeth 68 and 69 get between the toothed segments, so that no locking can then take place.

In FIGS. 5 and 5 a, the double notch arm 57 has a larger inner bore and is welded to a tube 72 mounted around the actuating member 1. The tube 72 is an intermediate This and the handle 2 arranged compression spring 73 is axially loaded, so that the double raster arm 57 is pressed against the raster disk 59

209836/0584

2109HO

- 15 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

will. In the actuating member 1, a pin 74 is fastened, which, not shown, protrudes through recesses in the stirrer 72, so that a displacement, but no twisting of the tube via the actuating member 1 is possible. A handle 75 is attached to the upper end of the tube for lifting the tube 72. As can be seen in particular in Fig. 5a, a fork 76 is screwed to a rare wall of the guide bracket 54, in which a lever 77, which has a ball head at its upper end for better handling, is mounted. Verschwelet hit the lever 77 is an arcuate toothed segment 78 i having the diameter of the tube 72 corresponding tooth spaces and swiveled 1st together with the lever 77, thereby effected an arresting the pivoting movement of the actuator. 1

In FIGS. 10 and 13, the transfer head 4 has two end faces 79 and 80 which are circular and have two different diameters, especially in the As can be seen in Figs. 10 and 12, the end face 99 »that is marked with Bej actuation pins 61 and 62 is in operative connection, executed evenly, while the end face 60, which with actuation pins 83 ■ and 84 communicates, has a protrusion 85. XIn not The guide bracket shown has such a cooler that when the actuating member 1 is pivoted, the actuating pins 81 and 82 are actuated, while when the actuating member is rotated, either the actuating pin 83 or the pin 84 is actuated.

209836/0584

F MO «

2109H0

- 16 - 9.2.1971

D 71/26

In order to vary the actuation characteristics, the transmission head 4 can also be wedge-shaped or cradle-shaped be.

209836/0584

Claims (10)

21Q9H0 5 Cologne 80, February 9th, 1971 Our reference: D 71/26 AP Nau / B patent claims 1. Actuating device for agricultural and / or construction-related motor vehicles and work machines, in particular caterpillar vehicles, in which each side of the vehicle is assigned a hydrostatic unit, each consisting of a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and each side has a hydraulic servo device for adjusting the hydrostatic units comprising control valves, wherein a pivotable in the direction of travel and to i rotatable about its longitudinal axis actuator is provided by which during the swiveling in and against the direction of travel both units evenly to forward and reverse, when rotating the one unit to forward travel and the other unit on Reverse travel as well as when the two movements are superimposed, the units are set to cornering, characterized in that the control valves (5, 6, 7, 8) are arranged concentrically, distributed at regular intervals over the circumference, around the actuating member (1) and with a are connected to the actuating member (1) g attached transmission head (4) , which has two opposite projections (87) projecting in the direction of action into the gaps between each two valves (5 and 7, 6 and 8). 2. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating member (1) with the transmission head (A ) is mounted within a guide bracket (5A) and is guided in a connecting link (55) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. 209836/0584 F 3SOd - 18 - 9.2.1971 D 71/26 * 3. Actuating device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pivoting movement of the actuating member (1) locking locking device is provided. 4. Actuating device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the locking device as a pivotable parallel to the link of the guide bracket (54) on the guide bracket (54) mounted tooth segment (78) is formed. 5. Actuating device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the locking device has one around the actuating member (1) rotatably mounted, bell-shaped part (67) with at least two teeth (68, 69), which are assigned in Gaps between two arched tooth segments (70, 71) arranged parallel to the link (55) engage, the bell-shaped part (67) Via a sleeve (61) that is non-rotatably but displaceably guided on the actuating member (1) with an actuating handle (64) through a The collar of the same can be displaced against the forces of at least one compression spring (66) acting on the bell-shaped part (67). 6. Actuating device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the rotary movement of the actuating member (1) fixing locking device is provided. 209836/0584 2109HO - 19 - 9.2.1971 D 71/26 7. Actuating device according to claims 1, 2 and 6, characterized in that the locking device has at least one springs arranged on the actuating element (1) so that they cannot rotate and slide " the Rasterara (57), which with one on the actuator (1) mounted, in the guide bracket (54) non-rotatably guided ratchet disk (59) is in operative connection. 8. Actuating device according to claims 1, 2, 6 and 7 »characterized in that the grid arm (57) on one on the | Actuating member (1) non-rotatably but attached to the force of a spring (73) displaceably guided tube (72) with a handle (75) 9. Actuating device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuating member (1) is a switching element (3) has, which has an electrical, hydraulic or mechanical Remote control (44, 45, 29, 35, 47, 48) Control spool (28, 34) that short-circuit the hydraulic servo device on one side with that of the other. 2098 3 6/0584 F 36Od - 20 - 9.2.1971 D 71/26 10. Actuating device according to claims 1 to 9, wherein the drive is a hydrostatic transmission with, for example a hydraulic pump and two hydraulic motors is assigned and the working device can be actuated by at least one hydraulic servomotor is, characterized in that the control valves (5, 6, 7, 8) are distributed concentrically, at equal angular intervals over the circumference, the hydraulic units in pairs on differently large radii from the pivot bearing of the actuator (1) are arranged remotely and the transfer head (4) has two corresponding actuating surfaces (79, 80), one of the two surfaces (80) has at least one projection (85). 209836 / 058A (N. Lee r se 11 e