EP1298629A2 - Method of displaying arabic characters in a display of a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves dividing a display into fields and displaying a letter, number or character in each field. A field in the display has 8 by 16 pixels and e.g. 96 fields of this size are stored in a computer with letters, numbers and characters. The 110 letters of the Arabic alphabet are represented by e.g. 82 letters, so that numbers 0 to 9 and some characters can be displayed.

Description

In ISO 8859-6, the representation of characters of the Arabic script is standardized, in named following ISO original.

The Arabic script is written from right to left.

The characters according to ISO 8859-6 are retrieved from the Internet (Fig. 2).

One field of the ISO original is square and there are 24 x 24 pixels per field. This execution would be unsuitable for a vehicle display, because the thin line widths of the characters "pale" would appear and therefore would be very difficult to read.

Applicant's display, for example, has 96 fields, each field having 8 x 16 pixels. The pixel size is different than the ISO original. The separation of the pixels is done by Pitches that are in the basic color of the display. 1 pitch in the mentioned display has the width of 0.1 mm.

Assuming that for technical reasons a field must be 8 x 16 pixels, so the characters and characters are no longer as displayable as this after the ISO original is given as a guideline.

Furthermore, in the said ISO original only characters in the isolated position specified.

The following text uses the word letter by letter. The word sign is more general and also means a dot, a question mark or an exclamation mark. With The word "letter" also contains necessary characters in the following text.

A high Arabic in the sense, as z. B. in High German, there is not. The modern one Standard Arabic corresponds to the term High Arabic.

It is referred to the letter set UT Cairo with about 110 letters, in which The majority of Arabic letters are included.

The Unicode, this is the standard code, with which the Arabic script can be displayed completely is has more than 150 characters. This also local dialects can be displayed. At this local Dialects will not be discussed here.

It should also be noted that the Arabic spelling up to 4 different forms of representation of a letter whose form of representation depends on the position of the letter in the word stands. It is thereby between the beginning, middle and end position and the isolated position of a letter.

Note: Representation in the display

For a representation in a display fields are to be deposited in a computer. In these Fields determines the shape of the letters. The number of these fields to be deposited depends on the computer capacity and does not have to match the number of fields in the display to match. The capacity of said computer is the limit of what diversity of letters in the display can be illuminated. The letter variety correlates with the number the filed fields.

The object of the invention is to provide a well readable and flexibly configurable display for a To represent motor vehicle and thereby the smallest possible number of storable fields to need.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Because of that by the design of the letters and parts of letters this several places of words, e.g. B. at the beginning and / or in the middle and / or at the end of a Word and / or isolated standing usable, becomes a large part of possible Representations of letters "saved". In the mentioned UT Cairo with about 110 letters There are many who, when they come to the mentioned different places of Words used or stand in isolation, be spelled differently.

According to the invention, many of the named letters were designed in the sense of "design", that they can be used in several places and understood correctly by the reader become.

Approximately equivalence in the "saving" of letters was due to the inverse ligature reached.

Ligature comes from the setting technique and means that letters, such. Eg "ch" or "st" in a set stone are summarized.

Inverse ligature means that two fields in the display are needed to form a letter be, that is, in a field of the display, only a part of a letter can be displayed.

According to the invention, the sub-letters are designed to be part of several different ones Letters are usable. By way of example, the sub-letter is in the invention Embodiment with the address C0 (Fig. 3 and 4), the 8 times at different Letter is used.

Thus, from the disadvantage of the inverse ligature, which is a high "consumption" of fields in the Display means, by the inventive design and application of the letter parts, the advantage of "saving" in the consumption of fields to be stored in the computer become.

A commercial vehicle manufacturer that sells a very high quality good should also be on display at Vehicle as perfect as possible and well readable for the driver display represent. Here are the typological peculiarities that represent a particular Language required to be considered.

In the Arabic script, the links are from one letter to another a better readability of the words very important. These compounds are in the ISO original not present, so that according to the ISO original only a juxtaposition of isolated Letters are possible, which a connoisseur of the Arabic script seem strange would.

Therefore, the connecting lines to the next letters are shown in the display, so that the font "liquid" appears.

In the example of the invention shown here is as perfect as possible Font presentation offered.

With the embodiment of the invention is still a very good readable and in the presentation of texts a far-reaching and variable display advertisement succeeded.

Also, with the simplified addressing with 96 addresses in the hexadecimal system An addressing succeeded (MAN code page), which does not burden the computer significantly.

However, if another computer is available, other types of addressing, z. For example, a 4-digit (32-bit address space) instead of the 2-digit hexadecimal used here Addressing (16-bit address space) possible.

The display is based on the character set UT-Cairo, with which the most common characters are representable.

Note: Arabic belongs to a separate font family. In contrast, almost all European writings borrowed from the Latin font family.

In the drawing, the visible embodiment of the invention is shown schematically.

Fig. 1

die Darstellung im Display,

Fig. 2

die ISO-8859-6 (ISO-Original),

Fig. 3

die Zeichencodetabelle mit Adressierung in Hexadezimalwerten,

Fig. 4

die arabischen Buchstaben einzeln nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

Schriftenvergleich erfindungsgemäß und ISO-Original,

Fig. 6

die inverse Ligatur eines Buchstabens,

Fig. 7

die Darstellung eines gleichen Buchstabens an unterschiedlichen Stellen im Wort,

Fig. 8

Textbeispiele, wie sie im Display erscheinen.

Show it:

Fig. 1

the display in the display,

Fig. 2

ISO-8859-6 (ISO original),

Fig. 3

the character code table with addressing in hexadecimal values,

Fig. 4

the Arabic letters individually according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

Fiction comparison according to the invention and ISO original,

Fig. 6

the inverse ligature of a letter,

Fig. 7

the representation of a same letter at different places in the word,

Fig. 8

Text examples, as they appear in the display.

FIG. 1 shows the representation according to the invention of the Arabic letters or characters about the size, as they appear in the display. The separation of the individual fields is not visible in the display. The pale gray colored horizontal lines are in the display also not shown. The lines mentioned, it is the pixel rows 1 and 16 each Line, are not populated with parts of the characters, to get a good row separation and thus to achieve a good readability. By this measure remains in the first line above and the last line below a row of pixels and between the lines two rows of pixels free. The drawing shows 96 fields with 6 lines of 16 fields each.

In the case of use in a vehicle, not all fields in the display need to be timed to be lit up with Arabic letters, d. H. it can simultaneously be vehicle-related Signs or notes, eg. B. units (I / 100 km) be lit up.

The Arabic script is written from right to left. To enable a fluent reading, are the links between the individual letters in words very important. The letters reproduced according to the invention have these compounds, allowing the driver to quickly and effortlessly send a message in the display appears, can read.

The Arabic script has about 110 different letters, including 5 diphtongs (ai, au). The display must also show the numbers from 0 to 9 and some special characters be. Furthermore, some letters require two fields (inverse Ligature) in the display, see Fig. 6, so that for the said entire characters a place of over 120 fields would have to be available. This is only with a computer with accordingly high storage capacity possible.

By favorably designing the letters, many of the letters that can be used when they are different at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of a word or isolated be written to be used at several of the mentioned sites, so that themselves This results in a large number of saved letters or fields to be occupied.

Furthermore, letters or letter parts for the inverse ligature were designed so that the letter parts are used for the formation of further letters in inverse ligature. As a result, fields to be occupied are also "saved".

With 82 letters or letter parts so according to the invention, the Arabic script of modern standard Arabic almost perfectly replicable.

Fig. 2 shows the Arabic letters according to ISO-8859-6. The characters were taken from the Internet brought.

One field has 24 x 24 pixels. These characters are inappropriate in a vehicle display because the Pixel size is small and in proportion to the separation of pixels with about 0.1 mm in size. The Letters in a vehicle display would be pale and unreadable in size.

Furthermore, in the original ISO connecting lines to other letters for Word formation does not exist, so when using these letters for word formations this looks like the stringing together of letters. This is for viewing in a display not advantageous or not suitable.

FIG. 3 shows the addressing of the letters in hexadecimal values. They are the invention replicated letters, characters and numbers but not in size, like they appear in the display.

4 shows the inventively emulated letters, characters and numbers individually with the address in the display according to FIG. 1. As it initially looks, the inverse ligature is So the occupation of two display fields to represent a letter, disadvantageous based on the limited number of 96 storable fields in the computer.

Due to the inventive design of the letters and the invention Application of the inverse ligature to the formation of further letters can so the number of Letters, numbers and other characters on 96 storable fields or places in the computer be limited.

FIG. 5 shows a font comparison between the font appearing on the display and ISO 8859-5 (adapted) and the writing according to the ISO original 8859-6.

Clearly recognizable is the "liquid" word representation according to the invention, reproduced Illustration of the font with the connections between the letters in one Word.

The. Fig. 6 shows by way of example a letter for an inverse ligature. The right part of the Letter is from Fig. 4, the letter with the address C1, the left part is the with the address C0. Compounded, they give the sign to UT Cairo, as in FIG. 6 shown. The representation of the two arches to the middle bridge of the right part of the letter are caused by the lighting up of the pixel "a" in the base color or by the non-documenting of the pixel "a" for the character. The end of the right side of the letter has in the original representation a connection sheet to the previous character. This connection sheet is symbolically symbolized by the non-documenting of the pixel "b" and by the preceding letter formed horizontal connecting line, which, as mentioned, very important in the Arabic script is formed.

The character with the address C0 is used in total for 8 letter formations, the with the address C1 for 2 letter formations. All to write in inverse ligature To call letters here would lead too far.

Furthermore, the word codepage appears in FIG. Code page means all letters and Letter parts that are fixed and addressable.

FIG. 7 shows the representation of a word which is represented in the print media as in FIG. 7.1 will, to UT Cairo.

The same word appears in the display as in 7.4.

The illustration in 7.2 shows the word after 7.1 resolved. The letter 7.21 is the same Letter like the letter 7.22, but is spelled differently because of the letter 7.21 in the Word and the letter 7.22 at the beginning of the Word (read from the right).

The letter 7.21 has on its right side a horizontal connecting line, the Letter 7.22 not. The print media must therefore here two letter forms for have a letter ready

The illustration 7.3 shows the word after 7.4 resolved. The letter 7.31 is shown in the display written in the same way, although this letter 7.31 stands in the middle of the word, like the letter 7.32, which is at the beginning (read from the right) of the word. So it just has to be one letter 7.31 / 7.32 are saved. The connecting line between the letter 7.33 and 7.31 is made up of the letters 7.33. The connecting line of the letter 7.32 to the letter 7.34 is formed by the letter 7.32.

FIG. 8 shows a text example for the display of display texts according to the invention Presentation. The letters used correspond to those in Fig. 1 are shown.

Claims (5)

Representation of Arabic letters, numbers and characters in a display for a motor vehicle, wherein the display is divided into fields and in each of these fields a letter, a number or a sign can be illuminated, characterized in that in the display a field, for example, 8 x 16 Has pixels and for example 96 fields in this field size are stored in a calculator with letters, numbers and characters, mainly by the design of letters (design, Fig. 1, 6) and letter parts (Fig. 6), by inverse ligature (for the Representation of a letter requires two fields, Fig. 6) and partially multiple usability of the letters in the different places of a word, the letters of the Arabic alphabet, for example, in UT Cairo has about 110 letters, can be represented with 82 letters simulated, so that with the mentioned depositable 96 fields still the numbers 0 to 9 and some further characters d are writable and that the letters contain the necessary for the good readability of words, horizontal connecting lines (Fig. 1 and Fig. 4). Representation of Arabic letters according to claim 1, characterized in that many letters can be used by their design in at least two places of a word and / or isolated. Representation of Arabic letters according to claim 1, characterized in that in the inverse ligature similar parts of a letter with parts of other letters are also used to form these other letters. Representation of Arabic letters according to claim 1, characterized in that the code page (MAN code page) in addition to a standard letter set, such. The IBM standard letter set. Representation of Arabic letters according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, when using a different field size and / or a different number of pixels in the field, the letters are similarly displayed.

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