US3204234A - Matrix controlled numeral display - Google Patents

Matrix controlled numeral display Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3204234A
US3204234A US212969A US21296962A US3204234A US 3204234 A US3204234 A US 3204234A US 212969 A US212969 A US 212969A US 21296962 A US21296962 A US 21296962A US 3204234 A US3204234 A US 3204234A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
digit
circuit
matrix
horizontal
numeral display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US212969A
Inventor
Nakauchi Shunsaku
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tohoku Oki Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tohoku Oki Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tohoku Oki Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tohoku Oki Electric Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3204234A publication Critical patent/US3204234A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/08—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using incandescent filaments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
    • G04G9/08—Visual time or date indication means by building-up characters using a combination of indicating elements, e.g. by using multiplexing techniques
    • G04G9/10—Visual time or date indication means by building-up characters using a combination of indicating elements, e.g. by using multiplexing techniques by controlling light sources, e.g. electroluminescent diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/302—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements characterised by the form or geometrical disposition of the individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/307—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being incandescent filaments

Definitions

  • the lamps to be lighted are selected by the combination of relay contacts.
  • expensive special relays are required, the wiring is complicated and the life of the contact is not adapted to such apparatus carrying out many switchings as a time indicating apparatus.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to an indicating apparatus wherein matrix-shaped vertical or horizontal lines are connected to respective component elements of indicated letters and the horizontal or vertical lines being part of control circuits in charge of the respective indicated letters, are connected with the vertical or horizontal lines having, the respective elements forming the indicated letters of which said horizontal or vertical lines being in charge through unidirectional circuit elements.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an indicating apparatus of which the circuit is simple, the life is long and the maintenance is easy.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a digital indicating clock and a digit or letter indicating apparatus in which, as circuits having no movable Parts are used, a print-wiring can be made.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side view, partially in section, showing an embodiment of the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is an elevation of FIGURE 1 with the glass pane and bezel removed, showing the component elements of the respective digits of 1, 2, 3-9 and 0.
  • FIGURE 3 is a view of the digit of 3 as formed of the component elements indicating the digits of 1, 2, 3, 9 and 0 shown in FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a view of the digit of 7 as formed of the component elements shown in FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 5 is a circuit diagram for the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a modification of the circuit diagram for the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
  • slots of component elements A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, I and K indicating digits 1, 2, 3 9 and 0 are made in a stencil plate 11.
  • Electric bulbs a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k mounted on a common base 10 are arranged substantially in the middles of said slots A, B, C, I and K, respectively, at the back surface of said plate 11.
  • a diaphragm 12 to prevent leakage of light is provided between the respective bulbs.
  • Each bulb is connected with a contact piece 13 connected to a housing 14 in which the later mentioned matrix circuit is print-wired.
  • a frame or bezel 16 is fitted to the front surface of the plate 11 and secures a frosted or stained glass pane in surf-ace contact with and over plate 11.
  • the electric current is controlled with the later mentioned matrix circuit, only the desired bulbs will be lighted.
  • the bulbs a, a, d, g, j, k and k are lighted, as shown in FIGURE 3, only the grooves A, A, D, G, I, K and K will receive light from the rear surface thereof and will be therefore projected on the glass 15 in the front and the digit 3 will be able to 'be seen from the outside.
  • each of the vertical conductors a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k is connected to one contact of each of electric bul-bs a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k.
  • the other contact of the bulb is earthed.
  • the horizontal lines are control circuits in charge of indicated letters.
  • the horizontal conductors are in charge of the indicated digits of 0, 1, 2, 9 in turn from the above analysis.
  • the component elements of the digit of 0 are grooves A, A, E, J, K, K, H and B as will be clear from inspection of FIGURE 2, the vertical lines a, b, e, h, j and k are connected with the horizontal line in charge of the digit of 0 through such unidirectional circuit elements as, for example, diodes or selenium rectifiers.
  • the vertical lines 0 and i may be connected with the horizontal line in charge of the digit 1 through diodes or selenium rectifiers.
  • the vertical lines connected to the elements forming any indicated digit are connected with the horizontal line in charge of the indicated digit through diodes or selenium rectifiers. Then, if the positive pole of an electric source whose negative pole is earthed is connected to the horizontal line in charge of any digit to be indicated, an electric current will flow through the component elements through the diodes and the desired digit will be indicated.
  • the circuit shown in FIGURE 6 is for operating the indicating apparatus according to the present invention by converting binary signs into decimal signs and has four switches 17 and four transitors 18 acting for relays. It is as already known to connect a binary-decimal converting matrix circuit X to said circuit. It is the same as is explained above that the output of the matrix circuit X will enter the matrix circuit Y according to the present invention, will become a decimal output and will be connected to an electric bulb L through a transistor amplifying circuit Z.
  • the transistor amplifying circuit will be required in order to eliminate the reduction of the output current in case the indicating apparatus is in a remote place. Therefore, needless to say, it will not be required in case the apparatus is in a near place.
  • the present invention is not limited to only the indication of digits but can be applied to any other proper letters without deviating from the spirit of the present invention. Further, it is needless to say that, even if the vertical lines of the matrix circuits are connected to the control circuits of the indicated letters and the horizontal lines are connected to the component elements of the indicated letters, the above explanation will be able to be applied as it is.
  • the directional circuit element there can be used not only a diode but also a lamina of selenium by holding both surfaces with print-wired base plates. Thereby the directional circuit elements can be cheaply and easily obtained.
  • the terms vertical and horizontal are for convenience in defining the invention as viewed upon FIGURE 5, and are not to be taken as limiting the circuitry to any particular position with respect to the vertical and horizontal since, obviously, only the rectifier connections between each conductor 0, 1, 2 etc., and selected conductors a, b, c, etc, are critical.
  • a coplanar indicator device comprising a stencil platehaving formed therein a rectangle having each side defined by a pair of spaced aligned slots, one of said slots having a leg aligned with the slots of an adjacent side to form a corner, pairs of spaced aligned slots along the perpendicular bisectors of each side, and a diagonal slot along a line joining the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors and a corner of the rectangle, the aforementioned corners being at the opposite ends of the same side of the rectangle, light bulbs supported adjacent each slot, means for preventing leakage of light from each bulb to an adjacent slot, and means for simultaneously lighting selected bulbs.

Description

1965 SHUNSAKU NAKAUCH] 3,
MATRIX CONTROLLED NUMERAL DISPLAY Filed July 27, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fi 1 Fi 2 H A a a A A D 5 d m 4 H/ J INVENTOR SH U NSA KU NA KAUCHI ATTORNEY 31, 1965 SHUNSAKU NAKAUCH] 3,204,234
MATRIX CONTROLLED NUMERAL DISPLAY Filed July 27, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 XX XXX X XX XXXX XXX 3XX1 X XX XXX XX XX X XX XX XX INVENTOR SHUNSAKU NAKAUCHI ATTORNEY Aug- 31, 1965 SHUNSAKU NAKAUCHI 3,204,234
MATRIX CONTROLLED NUMERAL DISPLAY Filed July 27, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 N \l N N; l\ no Q A INVENT OR SHUNSAKU NAKAUCHI ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,204,234 MATRIX CONTROLLED NUMElRAL DISPLAY Shunsalru Nakauchi, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan, assignor to Tohoku Oki Electric Company Limited, Gaza-Sasagino, Japan, a corporation of Japan Filed July 27, 1962, Ser. No. 212,969 Claims priority, application Japan, Aug. 8, 1961, 36/ 27,949 1 Claim. (Cl. 340-336) This invention relates to indicating apparatus.
In the conventional indicating apparatus using lamps, the lamps to be lighted are selected by the combination of relay contacts. In such systems, expensive special relays are required, the wiring is complicated and the life of the contact is not adapted to such apparatus carrying out many switchings as a time indicating apparatus.
The present invention relates more particularly to an indicating apparatus wherein matrix-shaped vertical or horizontal lines are connected to respective component elements of indicated letters and the horizontal or vertical lines being part of control circuits in charge of the respective indicated letters, are connected with the vertical or horizontal lines having, the respective elements forming the indicated letters of which said horizontal or vertical lines being in charge through unidirectional circuit elements.
An object of the present invention is to provide an indicating apparatus of which the circuit is simple, the life is long and the maintenance is easy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a digital indicating clock and a digit or letter indicating apparatus in which, as circuits having no movable Parts are used, a print-wiring can be made.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a side view, partially in section, showing an embodiment of the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is an elevation of FIGURE 1 with the glass pane and bezel removed, showing the component elements of the respective digits of 1, 2, 3-9 and 0.
FIGURE 3 is a view of the digit of 3 as formed of the component elements indicating the digits of 1, 2, 3, 9 and 0 shown in FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 4 is a view of the digit of 7 as formed of the component elements shown in FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 5 is a circuit diagram for the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
FIGURE 6 is a modification of the circuit diagram for the indicating apparatus according to the present invention.
With reference to the drawings, slots of component elements A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, I and K indicating digits 1, 2, 3 9 and 0 are made in a stencil plate 11. Electric bulbs a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k mounted on a common base 10 are arranged substantially in the middles of said slots A, B, C, I and K, respectively, at the back surface of said plate 11. A diaphragm 12 to prevent leakage of light is provided between the respective bulbs. Each bulb is connected with a contact piece 13 connected to a housing 14 in which the later mentioned matrix circuit is print-wired. A frame or bezel 16 is fitted to the front surface of the plate 11 and secures a frosted or stained glass pane in surf-ace contact with and over plate 11.
Therefore, if the electric current is controlled with the later mentioned matrix circuit, only the desired bulbs will be lighted. For example, if only the bulbs a, a, d, g, j, k and k are lighted, as shown in FIGURE 3, only the grooves A, A, D, G, I, K and K will receive light from the rear surface thereof and will be therefore projected on the glass 15 in the front and the digit 3 will be able to 'be seen from the outside.
"ice
In the same manner, if only the bulbs a: a, b and i are lighted, only the grooves A, A, D and I will receive light from the rear surface thereof and therefore the digit of 7 will be shown on the glass pane 15 in the front.
The circuit used for the indicating apparatus of the present invention will now be explained. With reference to FIGURE 5, vertical conductors and horizontal conduct-ors insulated from each other are arranged in the form of a matrix. Each of the vertical conductors a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k is connected to one contact of each of electric bul-bs a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j and k. The other contact of the bulb is earthed. On the other hand, the horizontal lines are control circuits in charge of indicated letters. In this embodiment, as shown with 0, l, 2 9 at the left ends of the horizontal conductors, the horizontal conductors are in charge of the indicated digits of 0, 1, 2, 9 in turn from the above analysis. As the component elements of the digit of 0 are grooves A, A, E, J, K, K, H and B as will be clear from inspection of FIGURE 2, the vertical lines a, b, e, h, j and k are connected with the horizontal line in charge of the digit of 0 through such unidirectional circuit elements as, for example, diodes or selenium rectifiers. As the component elements of the digit of l are C and I, the vertical lines 0 and i may be connected with the horizontal line in charge of the digit 1 through diodes or selenium rectifiers. In the same manner, the vertical lines connected to the elements forming any indicated digit are connected with the horizontal line in charge of the indicated digit through diodes or selenium rectifiers. Then, if the positive pole of an electric source whose negative pole is earthed is connected to the horizontal line in charge of any digit to be indicated, an electric current will flow through the component elements through the diodes and the desired digit will be indicated.
The circuit shown in FIGURE 6 is for operating the indicating apparatus according to the present invention by converting binary signs into decimal signs and has four switches 17 and four transitors 18 acting for relays. It is as already known to connect a binary-decimal converting matrix circuit X to said circuit. It is the same as is explained above that the output of the matrix circuit X will enter the matrix circuit Y according to the present invention, will become a decimal output and will be connected to an electric bulb L through a transistor amplifying circuit Z. The transistor amplifying circuit will be required in order to eliminate the reduction of the output current in case the indicating apparatus is in a remote place. Therefore, needless to say, it will not be required in case the apparatus is in a near place.
Though the case of indicating digits with the apparatus of the present invention has been explained in the above, the present invention is not limited to only the indication of digits but can be applied to any other proper letters without deviating from the spirit of the present invention. Further, it is needless to say that, even if the vertical lines of the matrix circuits are connected to the control circuits of the indicated letters and the horizontal lines are connected to the component elements of the indicated letters, the above explanation will be able to be applied as it is. For the directional circuit element, there can be used not only a diode but also a lamina of selenium by holding both surfaces with print-wired base plates. Thereby the directional circuit elements can be cheaply and easily obtained.
In the claim, the terms vertical and horizontal are for convenience in defining the invention as viewed upon FIGURE 5, and are not to be taken as limiting the circuitry to any particular position with respect to the vertical and horizontal since, obviously, only the rectifier connections between each conductor 0, 1, 2 etc., and selected conductors a, b, c, etc, are critical.
A coplanar indicator device comprising a stencil platehaving formed therein a rectangle having each side defined by a pair of spaced aligned slots, one of said slots having a leg aligned with the slots of an adjacent side to form a corner, pairs of spaced aligned slots along the perpendicular bisectors of each side, and a diagonal slot along a line joining the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors and a corner of the rectangle, the aforementioned corners being at the opposite ends of the same side of the rectangle, light bulbs supported adjacent each slot, means for preventing leakage of light from each bulb to an adjacent slot, and means for simultaneously lighting selected bulbs.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Blades 40-13O Andre et a1 340166 Vozza 340378 Rieth 340--336 X Blutman et al 340-336 X Reynolds 340338 Mathis 340336 Sinninger 340-324 NEIL C. READ, Primary Examiner. JEROME SCHNALL, Examiner.
US212969A 1961-08-08 1962-07-27 Matrix controlled numeral display Expired - Lifetime US3204234A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2794961 1961-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3204234A true US3204234A (en) 1965-08-31

Family

ID=12235129

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US212969A Expired - Lifetime US3204234A (en) 1961-08-08 1962-07-27 Matrix controlled numeral display

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3204234A (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3293416A (en) * 1963-04-04 1966-12-20 Beckman Instruments Inc Data conversion for counter having electroluminescent readout
US3315248A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-04-18 Burroughs Corp Display tube having an encapsulated diode switching matrix
US3368290A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-02-13 Kennecott Copper Corp Instrument for representation of crystal structure
US3444319A (en) * 1966-07-26 1969-05-13 Rca Corp Character generator
US3541543A (en) * 1966-07-25 1970-11-17 Texas Instruments Inc Binary decoder
US3582944A (en) * 1967-08-11 1971-06-01 Casio Computer Co Ltd Indicating system of 4-bit coded signal
US3603968A (en) * 1967-06-12 1971-09-07 Ripley Co Inc Monitoring system
US3617712A (en) * 1967-04-24 1971-11-02 Ricoh Kk Numerical displaying apparatus
DE1791110B1 (en) * 1967-09-15 1972-02-03 Burroughs Corp DISPLAY DEVICE
US3675242A (en) * 1970-02-25 1972-07-04 Amp Inc Alpha-numeric display
US3803589A (en) * 1970-12-02 1974-04-09 Hitachi Ltd Display signal converting apparatus
US3810168A (en) * 1971-03-31 1974-05-07 Tamura Electric Works Ltd Luminous display panel with geometric segment matrix and diffuser panel
US3896429A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-07-22 Hughes Aircraft Co Segment decoder for numeric display
US3981003A (en) * 1974-03-22 1976-09-14 Ebauches S.A. Digital display device
US4394651A (en) * 1980-06-09 1983-07-19 Michael Frankston Eastern Arabic number display
CH653517GA3 (en) * 1983-09-16 1986-01-15 Electrooptic display cell
US5903244A (en) * 1995-10-02 1999-05-11 Dewhurst Light display and method of forming the same

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1289371A (en) * 1915-09-10 1918-12-31 Ernest G Mollohan Sign.
US2821691A (en) * 1953-11-07 1958-01-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Matrix for detachably mounting electrical components
US2843845A (en) * 1955-07-06 1958-07-15 Sperry Rand Corp Indicator display
US2918608A (en) * 1956-06-25 1959-12-22 Harold F Rieth Selective group energizing system
US2953776A (en) * 1956-04-26 1960-09-20 Blutman Eli Photographic digital readout device
US3015094A (en) * 1957-09-06 1961-12-26 Gen Time Corp Lighted numerical time display clock
US3032686A (en) * 1959-05-13 1962-05-01 Ind Dev Engineering Associates Electrical control network
US3081450A (en) * 1958-05-01 1963-03-12 Senn Custom Inc Digit display apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1289371A (en) * 1915-09-10 1918-12-31 Ernest G Mollohan Sign.
US2821691A (en) * 1953-11-07 1958-01-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Matrix for detachably mounting electrical components
US2843845A (en) * 1955-07-06 1958-07-15 Sperry Rand Corp Indicator display
US2953776A (en) * 1956-04-26 1960-09-20 Blutman Eli Photographic digital readout device
US2918608A (en) * 1956-06-25 1959-12-22 Harold F Rieth Selective group energizing system
US3015094A (en) * 1957-09-06 1961-12-26 Gen Time Corp Lighted numerical time display clock
US3081450A (en) * 1958-05-01 1963-03-12 Senn Custom Inc Digit display apparatus
US3032686A (en) * 1959-05-13 1962-05-01 Ind Dev Engineering Associates Electrical control network

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3293416A (en) * 1963-04-04 1966-12-20 Beckman Instruments Inc Data conversion for counter having electroluminescent readout
US3315248A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-04-18 Burroughs Corp Display tube having an encapsulated diode switching matrix
US3368290A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-02-13 Kennecott Copper Corp Instrument for representation of crystal structure
US3541543A (en) * 1966-07-25 1970-11-17 Texas Instruments Inc Binary decoder
US3444319A (en) * 1966-07-26 1969-05-13 Rca Corp Character generator
US3617712A (en) * 1967-04-24 1971-11-02 Ricoh Kk Numerical displaying apparatus
US3603968A (en) * 1967-06-12 1971-09-07 Ripley Co Inc Monitoring system
US3582944A (en) * 1967-08-11 1971-06-01 Casio Computer Co Ltd Indicating system of 4-bit coded signal
DE1791110B1 (en) * 1967-09-15 1972-02-03 Burroughs Corp DISPLAY DEVICE
US3675242A (en) * 1970-02-25 1972-07-04 Amp Inc Alpha-numeric display
US3803589A (en) * 1970-12-02 1974-04-09 Hitachi Ltd Display signal converting apparatus
US3810168A (en) * 1971-03-31 1974-05-07 Tamura Electric Works Ltd Luminous display panel with geometric segment matrix and diffuser panel
US3896429A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-07-22 Hughes Aircraft Co Segment decoder for numeric display
US3981003A (en) * 1974-03-22 1976-09-14 Ebauches S.A. Digital display device
US4394651A (en) * 1980-06-09 1983-07-19 Michael Frankston Eastern Arabic number display
CH653517GA3 (en) * 1983-09-16 1986-01-15 Electrooptic display cell
US5903244A (en) * 1995-10-02 1999-05-11 Dewhurst Light display and method of forming the same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3204234A (en) Matrix controlled numeral display
GB1104268A (en) Improvements in or relating to electrical display signs
US2015698A (en) Safety switch plate
ES2065507T3 (en) CARD READER WITH INTEGRATED CONTACT CIRCUIT.
AU453506B2 (en) Electrical circuit providing multiple vbe bias voltages
US2878418A (en) Miniature filamentary numerical display
US2745093A (en) Radix converting exhibitor
US2982038A (en) Display device
DE3173052D1 (en) Element with non-linear conductivity, and switching circuit, especially for image display with such an element
US3147469A (en) Numeral display having plural electrode control of character fragments
Kuznecov et al. Von Galilei bis Einstein
GB1198568A (en) Discharge Tube.
US3150362A (en) Multi-character readout assembly
US3112403A (en) Electroluminescent information processing circuit
US3401399A (en) Device for projecting symbols on a light-sensitive recording carrier
US3165728A (en) Out-of-line to in-line numeral display
US3221169A (en) Electroluminescent graphical display device
ES2035240T3 (en) IMAGE PRESENTATION DEVICE THAT INCLUDES A FIELD NUMBER CONVERSION CIRCUIT.
GB1219570A (en) Diode units
GB1446541A (en) Hermetically sealed hybrid circuit package
US3356899A (en) Display device
GB1211195A (en) Improvements in or relating to liquid level detection devices
GB989134A (en) Improvements in or relating to symbol representing means
GB1300563A (en) Signalling arrangement
GB1101289A (en) Electronic appliances