US793308A - Hydraulic valve. - Google Patents

Description

No. '793,308 PATEN'IBD JUNE 27, 1905. C. E. LEWIS, J. DICK & L. H. BOWIVIAN.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.14, 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

u uffi/ff( ji. \\\\\\\\\i No. 793,308. PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

0. E. LEWIS, J. DICK L L. H. BOWMAN.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLIGATIUN FILED Nov. 14,

Z SHEETS-*SHEET 2.

iUNTTED STATES Patented June 27, 1905.

ATENT OEETCE..

Oi'IARLlCS lil. LFVIS AND JOHN DION, OF Bli.'\l)l)O(fl{, ANI) LEE H. BO\\'.\IAN, OF MUNHALL, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,308, dated June 27, 1905.

Application filed November 14,1903. Serial No. 181,228.

Be it known that we, Grammes E. Lnwis and JouN Dick, residing' at Braddock, and Lan l'i. Bowaniv, residing at Munhall, in the county of AlleghenwY and State of Pennsylvania, citizens of the United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valves, of which the following' is a speciiication, reference being' had therein to the accompanying' drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in hydraulic valves, and has for its object to construct a perfectly-balanced hydraulic valve and to provide means Yfor opening' and closing' the exhaust -port throug'h the medium of the same lever used for the opening' and closing of the valve controlling' the pressure-inlet.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a four-way valve in which a sing'le lever is employed for opening' and closing' the inlet-ports and exhaust-ports.

The present invention is an improvement on the device shown, claimed, and described in the application tiled October 13, 1902, Serial No. 127,125, by O. E. Lewis and .lohn Dick, and which has matured in Patent No. 719,136, issued January 5, 1901, and in the present application there is involved the same improvements in connection with the valveseats and valve as is shown in the prior application above noted.

1n describing' the invention in detail reference is had to the accompanying' drawings, forming a part of this application, and wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views, in which-- Fig'ure 1 is an end elevation of a four-way hydraulic valve constructed in accordance with our invention, showing' the operating-lever in full lines in the closed position of the valves and in dotted lines showing' its two positions for opening' the two sets of valves. Fig'. 2 is a central vertical sectional view of a 'four-way valve constructed in accordance with our invention, showing' all of the valves closed. Fig'. is an end elevation of the two-wa)Y valve coi'istructed in accordance with our invention, showing' the two positions of the operating'- lever in dotted lines. Fig'. 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a two-way valve constructed in accordance with our invention, showing' the valves closed. Fig'. 5 is a detached plan view of one of thel connecting' arms or cranks between the valve-stem and the operating-lever. Fig'. 6 is a detail enlarged side elevation, partly in section, of the valve-stems, bearing-rollers, supporting-post, and operating-lever.

In this application the improvements over the prior invention reside particularliY in the actuating' means of the valves, and to this Vfeature the detail description will be more closely conh'ned, as in the prior device referred to, where, using' a finir-way valve, we provide a valve-body 1 made in suitable shape and provided with a pressure-inlet 2, with which the pressure-line is connected. This pressure-inlet 2 communicates, through port or passage-way -1, with the pressure-outlet 5, leading to the machine or device (not shown) to be operated. In the four-way valve such as herein shown the valve-body is provided with 'four valvechambers 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively. Of these valve-chambers the chambers 6 and 8 are inletchambers, while the chambers 9 and 7 are exhaust-chambers, coacting', respectively, with the chambers 8 6, The exhaust-chamber 7 communicates with the exhaust-port 10, and has an inlet-port 11 connected by a by-pass 12 with the port 14, that communicates with chamber 8, the latter chamber having' an inlet-port 15 connected b v a by-pass or port 16 with the inlet of pressure-line 3. Port 14 is connected with the opposite end of the cylinder to that to which port?) is connected. The b v-[mss or port 16 is generally piped or tapped into or connected to the pressure-line 3 and extended around the side of the valve-body to connect with the inlet-port15. The valvechamber .1 has an exhaust-port 1T, and a bypass or port 18 connects chamber 9 with the port or passage-av -1 near the pressure-ontlet In each ot' the valve-chambers 6 7 8 S) is a valve-seat 19, which is in the Vform of a sleeve, the lower end of the same abutting' ag'ainst the shoulder 20, formed therefor in the valve-body. This sleeve is simply driven into the valve-body, and the upper end thereof forms a seat for the respective valves 21, 22, 23, and 24. iVhen it is necessary to regrind the valve-seat, it may be easily accomplished by simply removing the valve and 1nserting a tool through the valve-chamber lnto engagement with the upper end of the sleeve. Each of the valves comprises a stem, the one end of which forms a valve proper. The stems are threaded into the work through an interiorly-threaded nut 25, threaded into the socket provided therefor in the valve-body or into the threaded collar or bushing 27, that is in turn threaded into the socket in the valvebody. The latter is the preferred form of construction, as in event of wear it is only necessary to remove the bushing or sleeve 27 without requiring a new nut 25. These nuts 25 are provided with wrench-receiving portions in order that they may be easily manipulated. In the four-way valve the threads on the stems of each valve21 23 are of less pitch than the threads on stems of valves 22 24, the respective nuts 25 being correspondingly threaded. This is done'so that when the lever-controlling valve is operated the valve 22 or valve 24, as the case may be, will move faster than valve 21 and valve 23, whereby in the opening of the valves valves 22 24 will open more rapidly than valves 21 23 and in the closing of the same will close more rapidly than said valves 21 23. The object of having the exhaust-valves travel the 'faster is to provide space more rapidly for the exhaust, and by the pressure-valve stems traveling slower the pressure inlet or inlets will be checked to a greater extent than the exhaust. On each of the valve-stems is a packing 28 of the particular form of construction which is shown and described in detail in the prior application herein referred to and which is hence not shown in detail herein.

Suitably supported from the valve-body, as by a post 29, is an operating-lever 30, which controls each of the four valves in the fourway-valve construction. To accomplish this, the said lever 30 is pivotally mounted on said post 29 intermediate thc ends of the former, and above the post the said lever carries on its inner face a pin 31, which engages in the notch or slot 32, provided in the crank 33 near the free end thereof. This crank 33 is connected to the end of stem of valve 22 and carries a pin 34, which engages in slot 35, provided in the crank 36, that is connected to the end of stem of valve 21. The notch or slot 32 made in crank 33 curves downwardly tover 30. During this movement of lever 30 pin 34, engaging in slot 35 in crank 36, carries the latter crank therewith, whereby to close valve 21 or to open the same, according to the direction in which the lever 30 is being moved. Connected to the end of the stem of valve 23 is a crank 37, exactly similar in construction to crank 33, and connected to the end of stem of valve 24 is a crank 33, eX- actly similar in construction to crank 36. The lever 30 carries near its lower end a pin 39 to engage in the slotted portion of crank 37, and this latter crank 37 carries a pin 34 to engage in the slot in crank 33.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the Valves are all in the closed position, and assuming it is desired to operate valves 21 22 the lever 30 is moved to position A. (Shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.) As the lever 30 is moved in this direction pin 31 carries crank 33 therewith and pin 34 carries crank 36 therewith, turning the stems of the valves, so as to open the valves. The threads on stem of valve 22 being of greater pitch than the threads on stem of valve 21, it is to be noted that crank 33 needs to be moved only to substantially a right angle to the valve-body in order to open valve 22, while the crank 36 will at the same time travel to position substantially at an obtuse angle to the valve-body. As the lever 30 is moved in the reverse direction the pin 31, engaging on shoulder 33', carries crank 33 to the vertical position and pin 34 carries crank 36 also to the vertical position to close the valves, and when the valves are brought to this closed position the slot 32 and pin 31 are in such relation to each other that a further movement of the lever 30 toward thc left will permit pin to ride out of slot 32, leaving the valves closed. This movementof the lever 30 toward the left or toward dotted-line position B moves a portion of the lever below the pivoted point toward the right and operating valves 23 24 in the same manner as above described for valves 21 22. The return of the lever to the full-line position as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 leaves all of the valves in the closed position.

In Figs. 3 and 4 we show the same principle applied to a two-way valve, in which 1 indicates the valve 4body or casing; 2, the pressure-inlet port; 3, the port leading to the cylinder of the device to be operated. (Not shown.) The pressure-line (not shown) connects with the inlet 2, the latter communicating with valve-chamber 4, which chamber is in communication with port 3l through port or passage-way 5. The exhaust-chamber 6 communicates with the exhaust-port 7' and also with port or passage-way 5 through port or by-pass 8. The valve-seat 19 and valves 2l 22, together with their stems, are of the same form of construction as heretofore described. In this two-way valve the threads on valve 22 are or may be of the same pitch lOO IIO

ISO

'as those on valve Qi, and since but two valves are to be controlled---namely, the inlet-controlling valve and the exhaustcontrolling valve ---we dispense with cranks 36 38 and employ only the cranks 33 3T, which are ot the same t'orm otl construction as those shown and described in detail in connection with the Vtour-way valve. The movement otl lever 30 toward dotted-line position A opens the inlet-valve, while the movement ot' the said lever in the opposite direction to dotted-line potion B closes the inlet-valve and opens the exhaust-valve. VIt is to be noted that in the twoway valve the threads on stems ot valves 2l Qilareoppositely or revcrsely inclined, whereby the movement ot' the lever 30 toward position A opens the inlet-valve without opening the exhaust-valve andthe movement otl the lever 3l) trom its position A to position B closes the inlet-valve and opens the exhaust-- valve. The movement ot the lever from its vertical position to position B, assuming both valves to be closed, opens the exhaust-valve without actuating the inlet-valve. ln the tour-way-valve construction, however, the threads on stems or valves 2i 22 are inclined in the same direction, the threads on stem of valve 22 having a `greater degree ot pitch than the threads on stem ot valve Q i, and the threads on stems ot valves 23 Q-L are inclined in the same direction with respect to each other, but at a reverse inclination to the threads on stems ot valves 21 22, and when the operating-lever 30 is moved trom the closed position to position A valves 2i are both opened, it being understood, ot' course, that the inlet leads to one end ot' the cylinder (not shown) and the outlet or exhaust to the opposite end ot` said cylinder. 'lfhe operation is of course the same with respect to valves Q3 24. when the lever is moved trom the closed position to position B.

it is to be observed that the pitch ot' the threads on valves QL 02 could be the same, as could the pitch ot' threads on talve 23 24, provided the leverage connection with the valves is so as to give a great-er throw ot' the exhaustvalve than is imparted to the inlet-valves with the movement ot' the operating-lever.

We preferably employ ease-hardened rollers B1 on the pins 31, 34g, and Si) to decrease the l'riction and give longevity to the parts.

As shown in Figs. B, i, and (i ot' the drawings, we may employ bearing-rollers t'or the inner ends ot the cranks 83 3T, To this end rollers 2W 30' are mounted on the post Qt) and are engaged by the inner ends otl cranks 33 23T, respectively, the cranks being cut away on one side adjacent the inner end, (see Figs. 4, 5, and 6,) so that crank 33 will only bear ou roller 30 and crank oT will only bear on roller 29', the said cranks being ot course rounded at their inner ends where they bear on the rollers. ing-rollers tor the inner ends ot the cranks is 'lhis provision ot the bear` shown in connection with the two-way valve; but it will ot course be evident that we may employsame with the form ol valve shown in Figs. i and 2.

In the practice ot' the invention it will be noted that various changes may be made in the details ot` construction without departing trom the general spirit otl our invention.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isn

1. ln a hydraulic valve the combination with a valve-body having an inlet-port, a valve with a threaded stem controlling said inlet-port, an exhaust-port, a valve with a threaded stem controlling the exhaust-port and a crank secured to each stem, ot a pivoted lever adapted when moved to one side, to move the crank on one stem and turn one ot the valves, and when moved to the other side to move the crank on the other o'tl said stems and turn the other ot` said valves.

2. In a hydraulic valve, a valve-body formed with inlet and exhaust ports, valve-chambers communicating with said ports, valves arranged in said chambers, cranks connected to said valves, said cranks havingl their outer ends notched, a lever pivoted intermediate ot' said cranks, and pins adapted to alternately engage in the notches ot the cranks accordingly as said lever is moved to one side or the other of a lixed point.

3. ln a valve the combination ot` a valve-body having' an inlet-port and an exhaust-port, a valve-chamber in communication with the inlet-port, a valve-chamber in communication with the exhaust-port and a passage leading from each chamber to a common port, with a rotatable valve arranged in each chamber, a pivoted lever adapted to be moved in opposite directions relatively to a lxed point and means At'or positively connecting said lever with one otl said valves throughout its entire movement to one side ot said point and for releasing it trom its connection with said valve and positively connecting it with the other valve when said lever is moved to the other side of said lixed point.

i. In a hydraulic valve the combination with a valve-body having a set ot' tour chambers, inlet-ports leading` to two otl said chambers and exhaust-ports leading to the other ot said chambers, a valve in each chamber a crank on each valve, and a pivoted lever, ot' means whereby when said lever is reciprocated on one side ot a lixed point it will connect with and positively move in looth directions two otl said valves and when reciprocated on the other side ot said point it will connect with and positively move in both directions the other two et said valves.

ln a hydraulic valve, a valve-body having an inlet-port, a valve-chamber in communication with the inlet-port, an exhaust-port, a valve-chamber in communication with the exlOO IIO

haast-port, a third port in communication with valve and the other of which is adapted, on the movement of the lever in the reverse direction to engage in the slot in the crank of the other I5 valve, and rollers on said pins.

In testimony whereof We aix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. LEN/VIS. JOHN DICK. Y LEE H. BOVMAN. /Vitnesses:

A. M. WILSON, Y E. E. POTTER.

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