Demasoni Cichlid - Pseudotropheus demasoni : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide
Table of contents
Introduction
The Demasoni Cichlid (Pseudotropheus demasoni) is a vibrant addition to the Mbuna cichlid family. It is native to the rocky shores of Lake Malawi in Africa. This species is distinguished by its striking blue and black vertical stripes, which make it a visually appealing choice for aquarium enthusiasts. Despite its small size, the Demasoni cichlid exhibits a high level of aggression, particularly in confined spaces. The care requirements for these visually striking fish range from moderate to intricate due to their highly aggressive nature. As such, this zebra-type Cichlid is best suited for intermediate to advanced fishkeepers.
The Demasoni Cichlid is known for its aggressive nature. It is advisable to maintain a single male with a substantial group of females to prevent the male from continually harassing a solitary female, which could lead to her demise. Due to its territorial nature, careful consideration must be given to tank mates and group dynamics to ensure a harmonious aquatic community.
This species can coexist with other robust, assertive Mbuna, provided tankmates do not share a similar colour pattern, which can provoke aggression. Maintain Mbuna exclusively with other Mbuna species. However, for enthusiasts keen on introducing Catfish into the aquarium, Lake Tanganyika offers appropriate options, such as Synodontis petricola. It is recommended that Demasoni Cichlids be introduced as the final additions to an aquarium to avoid excessive territorial behaviour.
The dominant male may assert control over what he considers his territory, potentially leading to fatal encounters with new or even significantly larger fish. When selecting tankmates for Pseudotropheus demasoni, it is prudent to avoid larger, aggressive species such as most Melanochromis Labeotropheus and select Metriaclima species like crabro and Lombardi. Opt instead for species known for their compatibility, such as Labidochromis, Iodotropheus, and smaller Pseudotropheus variants.
The aquarium should be a minimum of 4 feet long and designed to replicate a rocky reef landscape featuring areas of open sand. Ocean rock can be utilized to construct robust structures that extend from the tank's base nearly to the water's surface. These formations should be engineered to offer numerous crevices for exploration while ensuring stability against the digging behaviours of the fish.
Although substrates such as coral sand or Aragonite are commonly recommended to maintain water hardness and alkalinity, Mbuna cichlids often exhibit enhanced colouration and a greater sense of security over darker substrates. Aragonite or coral sand can be placed in a mesh bag within the external filter for water buffering. Given their high levels of aggression, rock-dwelling species require 'controlled overcrowding' to mitigate fatal territorial conflicts, necessitating robust filtration to manage the significant biological load.
Denasoni Cichlids exhibit the quintessential Mbuna body structure, characterized by an elongated 'torpedo' shape. Adorned with alternating vertical stripes in varying shades of blue, including black, dark blue, and light blue, their striking appearance begins with a dark stripe just beyond the gill cover and culminates in a subdued dark stripe at the base of the tail fin.
Typically, six dark and five light lines are present, with three pale blue stripes alternating with two dark blue stripes on the skull. Between each pair of eyes lies one of the black lines, while the other extends over the forehead and merges with the initial dark bar under the gill cover. A light blue hue adorns the chin, while the dorsal fin showcases angled stripes, with the lighter ones slightly narrower than the darker ones. Additionally, the tail fin exhibits fine horizontal lines in dark and soft blue hues, bordered by a bright blue outline accentuated by a deeper blue tint.
Demasoni Cichlid Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Sexing Demasoni Cichlids can pose a challenge, as both males and females share the same colouration. However, several distinguishing characteristics can aid in differentiation. Males typically exhibit egg spots on their anal fins, whereas females may lack these spots. Additionally, males generally attain a larger maximum size, may possess longer ventral fins, and display notably more territorial behaviour compared to females.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Pseudotropheus demasoni |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1994 |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Cichliformes |
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Genus | Pseudotropheus |
| Origins | Tanzania , Malawi , Mozambique |
| Max Size | 10 cm |
| Temperament | Aggressive |
| Aquarium Level | Bottom - Middle |
| Difficulty | Intermediate - Advanced |
| Shoaling | No |
| Best kept as | 1 Male + Several Females |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Mouthbrooder |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 10 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater |
|---|---|
| pH | 7.5 - 8.5 |
| GH | 10 - 20 |
| ℉ | 75 - 82 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 24 - 28 |
Natural Habitat
Although native to the vast Lake Malawi in Africa, Demasoni Cichlids are confined to a restricted habitat range and primarily dwell in Pombo rocks and Ndumi reefs. They commonly inhabit large groups within rocky regions. The mineral-rich waters of the rivers that flow into the lake remain relatively stable in composition, contributing to the consistent environment preferred by these cichlids. In its natural habitat, the Demasoni Cichlid can be observed forming moderate-sized schools.
Breeding
To successfully breed Demasoni Cichlids, establish a dedicated breeding tank to enhance the fry's survival rate. When the male is prepared to mate, he will undergo a colour change to a deeper hue and become highly aggressive towards other males, often leading to fatal confrontations. Additionally, he may exhibit aggressive behaviour towards bottom-dwelling species while searching for an optimal mating site.
To encourage breeding, incorporate flat rocks into the tank as potential egg-laying sites.
Spawning is typically stimulated by a high-protein diet and regular water changes. Once a suitable site is identified, the male will attempt to attract a female by performing courtship displays, including shaking and swirling around her, accompanied by occasional biting and harassment. Subsequently, the female will lay her eggs at the chosen location, typically ranging from 5 to 15, depending on her age and condition.
Simultaneously, the male releases milt, fertilizing the eggs as the female attempts to collect both the eggs and the milt in her mouth. This ritual can extend over several hours. Eggs are typically incubated for up to 25 days before hatching, with the resulting fry requiring additional care and observation due to their inherent intraspecific aggression, potentially necessitating separation. Exercise utmost care when transferring the breeding pair to the new tank, as these cichlids may prematurely expel their eggs if agitated during transportation.
Diet & Feeding
Demasoni Cichlids exhibit distinct feeding behaviours reflective of their predatory instincts. In its natural habitat, this species primarily preys on small invertebrates and algae found amidst rocky substrates. In captivity, a diet replicating their natural foraging habits is recommended, consisting of high-quality flake or pellet foods supplemented with occasional offerings of live or frozen protein sources such as bloodworms or brine shrimp.
Additionally, incorporating vegetable matter into their diet, such as spirulina-based foods or blanched vegetables, supports their nutritional needs and overall health. Care should be taken to avoid overfeeding, as Demasoni Cichlids are prone to digestive issues when excessive amounts of food are provided. Providing a varied and balanced diet ensures optimal health and vibrant colouration in these captivating aquarium inhabitants.
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