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Ophthalmology of Felidae: Cats

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Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology

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Abstract

Over 65 million years ago, squirrel-sized creatures that ran after insects gave rise to all modern carnivores, ranging from bears, wolves, ferrets, raccoons, cats, hyenas, gynets, and meerkats. There were, of course, descendants that did not survive to this day, such as the saber-toothed tiger and bear-sized raccoons. Exactly when the cat story began depends on which primitive mammal one considers as the first “cat.” The fossorial record for Felidae is incomplete, as early cats lived in forests where fossils are rarely found, and only a few remains, such as the tiny middle ear bones, are able to potentially distinguish felids from other animals of the Carnivora. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that the first “cat-like” carnivores belong to two lineages that lived about 40 million years ago in the Eocene forests of North America. One lineage was represented by Hoplophoneus and another by Dinictis, both are prehistoric “feliform” mammalian carnivores belonging to an extinct genus of the family Nimravidae. These lineages shared a feature that is now a hallmark of modern cats: sharp butcher teeth (Turner 1997; Macdonald 1992).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Rome, Italy

    Francesca Corsi & Adolfo Guandalini

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal e Graduação em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Espírito Santo, Brazil

    João Luiz Rossi Jr

  3. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Bret A. Moore

  4. Comparative Ophthalmology Laboratory (LABOCO), Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira

  5. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA

    Gil Ben-Shlomo

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  1. Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil

    Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Bret A. Moore

  3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Gil Ben-Shlomo

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Corsi, F., Guandalini, A., Rossi, J.L., Ben-Shlomo, G., Montiani-Ferreira, F., Moore, B.A. (2022). Ophthalmology of Felidae: Cats. In: Montiani-Ferreira, F., Moore, B.A., Ben-Shlomo, G. (eds) Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81273-7_10

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