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Stichodactyla helianthus Caribbean Sun Anemone, Atlantic Carpet Anemone, Sun Anemone

Stichodactyla helianthusis commonly referred to as Caribbean Sun Anemone, Atlantic Carpet Anemone, Sun Anemone. Difficulty in the aquarium: Average. A aquarium size of at least 150 Liter is recommended. Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown.

Profilbild Urheber James St. John, USA

By James St. John - https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/15898294478/in/photolist-qdSV4u-88fu1M-qf77rB-qAqrxR, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39949621


Courtesy of the author James St. John, USA

Uploaded by AndiV.

Image detail

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lexID:
3066 
AphiaID:
291135 
Scientific:
Stichodactyla helianthus 
German:
Sonnenanemone 
English:
Caribbean Sun Anemone, Atlantic Carpet Anemone, Sun Anemone 
Category:
See Anemones 
Family tree:
Animalia (Kingdom) > Cnidaria (Phylum) > Anthozoa (Class) > Actiniaria (Order) > Stichodactylidae (Family) > Stichodactyla (Genus) > helianthus (Species) 
Initial determination:
(Ellis, ), 1768 
Occurrence:
Barbados, Guadeloupe, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Canada , Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Lucia, The Bahamas, the Caribbean, the Netherlands Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, Virgin Islands, U.S., West-Atlantic Ocean 
Marine Zone:
Subtidal, sublittoral, infralittoral, deep zone of the oceans from the lower limit of the intertidal zone (intertidal) to the shelf edge at about 200 m water depth. neritic. 
Sea depth:
0 - 9 Meter 
Size:
3.94" - 7.09" (10cm - 18cm) 
Temperature:
75.2 °F - 82.4 °F (24°C - 28°C) 
Food:
Invertebrates, Zooplankton, Zooxanthellae / Light 
Tank:
33 gal (~ 150L)  
Difficulty:
Average 
Offspring:
Not available as offspring 
Toxicity:
Toxic hazard unknown 
CITES:
Not evaluated 
Red List:
Not evaluated (NE) 
Related species at
Catalog of Life:
 
More related species
in this lexicon:
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Created:
Last edit:
2021-01-28 16:23:01 

Info

Stichodactyla helianthus (Ellis, 1768)

The Caribbean Carpet Anemone, or Sun Anemone, has slightly longer tentacles than other carpets but still has a flattened appearance. It is not a compatible clownfish host due to its storng sting, but makes a fine ornamental anemone species.
Periclimenes yucatanicus is often associated with it.

Synonyms:
Actinia (Taractostephanus) helianthus Ellis, 1768
Actinia helianthus Ellis, 1768
Discosoma anemone (Ellis)
Discosoma helianthus (Ellis, 1768)
Stichodactylae helianthus
Stoichactis (Discosoma) anemone (Ellis)
Stoichactis anemone (Ellis)
Stoichactis helianthus (Ellis, 1768)

Scientific paper

  1. N-terminally extended analogues of the K + channel toxin from Stichodactyla helianthus as potent and selective blockers of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3, Chang, Shih C.; Huq, Redwan; Chhabra, Sandeep; Beeton, Christine; Pennington, Michael W.; Smith, Brian J.; Norton, Raymond S. , 2015
  2. Improved purification and enzymatic properties of a mixture of Sticholysin I and II: Isotoxins with hemolytic and phospholipase A2 activities from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, del Monte-Martínez, Alberto; González-Bacerio, Jorge; Romero, Lázara; Aragón, Carlos; Martínez, Diana; Chávez, María de los Á.; Álvarez, Carlos; Lanio, María E.; Guisán, José M.; Díaz, Joaquín , 2014
  3. Peptide fingerprinting of the neurotoxic fractions isolated from the secretions of sea anemones Stichodactyla helianthus and Bunodosoma granulifera. New members of the APETx-like family identified by a 454 pyrosequencing approach, Armando Alexei Rodríguez; Juliana Silva Cassoli; Fei Sa; Zhi Qiang Dong; José Carlos de Freitas; Adriano M.C. Pimenta; Maria Elena de Lima; Katsuhiro Konno; Simon Ming Yuen Lee; Anoland Garateix; André J. Zaharenko, 2012
  4. Sticholysins, two pore-forming toxins produced by the Caribbean Sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus: Their interaction with membranes, Carlos Álvarez; José M. Mancheño; Diana Martínez; Mayra Tejuca; Fabiola Pazos; María E. Lanio, 2009
  5. Effect of calcium on the hemolytic activity of Stichodactyla helianthus toxin sticholysin II on human erythrocytes, Gloria Celedón; Gustavo González; Eduardo Lissi; Tania Cerda; Diana Martinez; Carmen Soto; Mario Pupo; Fabiola Pazos; Maria E. Lanio; Carlos Alvarez, 2009
  6. Pharmacological effects of two cytolysins isolated from the sea anemoneStichodactyla helianthus, T. García; D. Martinez; A. Palmero; C. Soto; M. Tejuca; F. Pazos; R. Menéndez; C. Alvarez; A. Garateix, 2009
  7. Stycholysin II, a cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus promotes higher hemolysis in aged red blood cells, Gloria Celedón; Gustavo González; Daniela Barrientos; Jose Pino; Fabiola Venegas; Eduardo A. Lissi; Carmen Soto; Diana Martinez; Carlos Alvarez; María Eliana Lanio, 2008
  8. Corrigendum to “Stycholysin II, a cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus promotes higher hemolysis in aged red blood cells” [Toxicon 51 (2008) 1383–1390], Gloria Celedón; Gustavo González; Daniela Barrientos; Jose Pino; Fabiola Venegas; Eduardo A. Lissi; Carmen Soto; Diana Martinez; Carlos Alvarez; María Eliana Lanio, 2008
  9. Silent mutations at the 5′-end of the cDNA of actinoporins from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus allow their heterologous overproduction in Escherichia coli, Jorge Alegre-Cebollada; Giorgia Clementi; Michela Cunietti; Christian Porres; Mercedes Oñaderra; José G. Gavilanes; Álvaro Martínez del Pozo, 2007
  10. The crude venom from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus induces haemolysis and slight peroxidative damage in rat and human erythrocytes, Heidi Irais Monroy-Estrada; Lourdes Segura-Puertas; Sonia Galván-Arzate; Abel Santamaría; Judith Sánchez-Rodríguez, 2007
  11. Structural and functional characterization of a recombinant sticholysin I (rSt I) from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, F. Pazos; A. Valle; D. Martínez; A. Ramírez; L. Calderón; A. Pupo; M. Tejuca; V. Morera; J. Campos; R. Fando; F. Dyszy; S. Schreier; E. Horjales; C. Alvarez; M.E. Lanio; E. Lissi, 2006
  12. Stichodactyla helianthus Peptide, a Pharmacological Tool for Studying Kv3.2 Channels, Yan, L., 2005
  13. Cross-reactivity and inhibition of haemolysis by polyclonal antibodies raised against St II, a cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Marı́a Cristina Pico; Ariel Basulto; Alberto del Monte; Abdel Hidalgo; Marı́a Eliana Lanio; Carlos Alvarez; Eric Felicó; Anselmo Otero, 2004
  14. Comparison of pore-forming ability in membranes of a native and a recombinant variant of Sticholysin II from Stichodactyla helianthus, I.F. Pazos; D. Martı́nez; M. Tejuca; A. Valle; A. del Pozo; C. Alvarez; M.E. Lanio; E.A. Lissi, 2003
  15. Effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the conformation and hemolytic activity of St I and St II, two isotoxins purified from Stichodactyla helianthus, M.E Lanio; C Alvarez; F Pazos; D Martinez; Y Martı́nez; F Casallanovo; E Abuin; S Schreier; E Lissi, 2003
  16. Substitution of a Single Residue in Stichodactyla helianthus Peptide, ShK-Dap 22 , Reveals a Novel Pharmacological Profile, Middleton, Richard E.; Sanchez, Manuel; Linde, Ana-Rosa; Bugianesi, Randal M.; Dai, Ge; Felix, John P.; Koprak, Sam L.; Staruch, Mary Jo; Bruguera, Marc; Cox, Rachael; Ghosh, Amrita; Hwang, Jeremy; Jones, Simmonette; Kohler, Martin; Slaughter, Robert S.; McManus, Owen B.; Kaczorowski, Gregory J.; Garcia, Maria L. , 2003
  17. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the water-soluble state of the pore-forming toxin sticholysin II from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, , 2002
  18. Identity between cytolysins purified from two morphos of the Caribbean sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Diana Martı́nez; Vivian Morera; Carlos Alvarez; Mayra Tejuca; Fabiola Pazos; Yairet Garcı́a; Manfred Raida; Gabriel Padrón; Marı́a Eliana Lanio, 2002
  19. Effect of a Zwitterionic Surfactant (HPS) on the Conformation and Hemolytic Activity of St I and St II, Two Isotoxins Purified fromStichodactyla helianthus, M. E. Lanio; C. Alvarez; F. D. Martinez; F. Casallanovo; S. Schreier; A. M. Campos; E. Abuin; E. Lissi, 2002
  20. Properties of St I and St II, two isotoxins isolated from Stichodactyla helianthus: a comparison, D Martinez; A.M Campos; F Pazos; C Alvarez; M.E Lanio; F Casallanovo; S Schreier; R.K Salinas; C Vergara; E Lissi, 2001
  21. Primary structure of two cytolysin isoforms from Stichodactyla helianthus differing in their hemolytic activity., V. Huerta; V. Morera; Y. Guanche; G. Chinea; L.J. González; L. Betancourt; D. Martı́nez; C. Alvarez; M.E. Lanio; V. Besada, 2001
  22. Effect of pH on the conformation, interaction with membranes and hemolytic activity of sticholysin II, a pore forming cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Carlos Alvarez; Isabel F Pazos; Maria E Lanio; Diana Martinez; Shirley Schreier; F Casallanovo; Ana Maria Campos; Eduardo Lissi, 2001
  23. Effects of Lipid Composition on Membrane Permeabilization by Sticholysin I and II, Two Cytolysins of the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Valcarcel, Carlos Alvarez; Dalla Serra, Mauro; Potrich, Cristina; Bernhart, Ivonne; Tejuca, Mayra; Martinez, Diana; Pazos, Fabiola; Lanio, Maria E.; Menestrina, Gianfranco , 2001
  24. Purification and characterization of two hemolysins from Stichodactyla helianthus, Marı́a Eliana Lanio; Vivian Morera; Carlos Alvarez; Mayra Tejuca; Teresita Gómez; Fabiola Pazos; Vladimir Besada; Diana Martı́nez; Vivian Huerta; Gabrìel Padrón; Marı́a de los Angeles Chávez, 2001
  25. Sizing the Radius of the Pore Formed in Erythrocytes and Lipid Vesicles by the Toxin Sticholysin I from the Sea AnemoneStichodactyla helianthus, M. Tejuca; M. Dalla Serra; C. Potrich; C. Alvarez; G. Menestrina, 2001
  26. Some structural characteristics of Sticholysins I and II, Cytolysins from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus and their implications for the interaction with membranes, , 2000
  27. Overproduction in Escherichia coli and Purification of the Hemolytic Protein Sticholysin II from the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Vivian de los Rı́os; Mercedes Oñaderra; Antonio Martı́nez-Ruiz; Javier Lacadena; José M. Mancheño; Álvaro Martı́nez del Pozo; José G. Gavilanes, 2000
  28. Two-Dimensional Crystallization on Lipid Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Structure of Sticholysin II, a Cytolysin from the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Martín-Benito, Jaime; Gavilanes, Francisco; de los Ríos, Vivian; Mancheño, José M.; Fernández, José J.; Gavilanes, José G. , 2000
  29. Sticholysin II, a cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, is a monomer-tetramer associating protein, Vivian de los Rı́os; José M. Mancheño; Alvaro Martı́nez del Pozo; Carlos Alfonso; Germán Rivas; Mercedes Oñaderra; José G. Gavilanes, 1999
  30. The role of ionic strength on the enhancement of the hemolytic activity of sticholysin I, a cytolysin from Stichodactyla helianthus, C Alvarez; M.E Lanio; M Tejuca; D Martínez; F Pazos; A.M Campos; M.V Encinas; T Pertinhez; S Schreier; E.A Lissi, 1998
  31. Mechanism of the leakage induced on lipid model membranes by the hemolytic protein sticholysin II from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Vivian de los Rios; José M. Mancheño; María E. Lanio; Mercedes Oñaderra; José G. Gavilanes, 1998
  32. Effect of High Ionic Strength and Inhibitors of H,K-ATPase on the Ouabain-Sensitive K-p-Nitrophenylphosphatase Activity in the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Susan Corey Specht; Cynthia Rodriguez; Luis Quiñones; Sonia Velazquez, 1997
  33. ShK is a potassium channel blocker from the Caribbean sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, O. Castaneda; E.G. Rowan; L. Young; A.L. Harvey; E. Karlsson, 1996
  34. Purification, characterization and immobilization of proteinase inhibitors from Stichodactyla helianthus, J. Delfin; J. Díaz; W. Antuch; R. Rodríguez; Y. González; V. Morera; I. Martínez; N. Larionova; G. Padrón; M. Chávez, 1996
  35. Purification, characterization and immobilization of proteinase inhibitors from Stichodactyla helianthus, J. Delfín; I. Martínez; W. Antuch; V. Morera; Y. González; R. Rodríguez; M. Márquez; A. Saroyán; N. Larionova; J. Díaz; G. Padrón; M. Chávez, 1996
  36. Mechanism of Membrane Permeabilization by Sticholysin I, a Cytolysin Isolated from the Venom of the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla helianthus †, Tejuca, Mayra; Dalla Serra, Mauro; Ferreras, Mercedes; Lanio, Maria E.; Menestrina, Gianfranco , 1996
  37. An ouabain-sensitive Na+,K+-ATPase in tentacles of the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Susan Corey Specht; Roberto Lopez-Rosado; Cynthia Santos-Berrios; Rosa Figueroa-Nieves, 1995
  38. Characterization of a potassium channel toxin from the Caribbean sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Olga Castañeda; Vivian Sotolongo; Ana Maria Amor; Reto Stöcklin; Amanda J. Anderson; Alan L. Harvey; Åke Engström; Christer Wernstedt; Evert Karlsson, 1995
  39. Assignment of the three disulfide bonds in ShK toxin: A potent potassium channel inhibitor from the sea anemoneStichodactyla helianthus, Jan Pohl; Frantisek Hubalek; Michael E. Byrnes; Kurt R. Nielsen; Amina Woods; Michael W. Pennington, 1995
  40. Chemical synthesis of a neurotoxic polypeptide from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, MICHAEL W. PENNINGTON; WILLIAM R. KEM; RAYMOND S. NORTON; BEN M. DUNN, 1990
  41. Interfacial activity of an ion channel-generating protein cytolysin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, James W. Doyle; William R. Kem; Federico A. Vilallonga, 1989
  42. Isolation, characterization, and amino acid sequence of a polypeptide neurotoxin occurring in the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, Kem, William R.; Parten, Benne; Pennington, Michael W.; Price, David A.; Dunn, Ben M., 1989
  43. Separation and characterization of four different amino acid sequence variants of a sea anemone (Stichodactyla helianthus) protein cytolysin, William R. Kem; Ben M. Dunn, 1988

External links

  1. First Inventory of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  2. SeaLifeBase (multi). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  3. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.

Pictures

Commonly

By James St. John - https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/15898294478/in/photolist-qdSV4u-88fu1M-qf77rB-qAqrxR, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39949621
1
By Tam Warner Minton - https://www.flickr.com/photos/travels_with_tam/9204555596/in/photolist-f2nKGq-S5frR-qBx2Jb-pUFHr6-9t17en-kRXShT-nKEpr2-boRty4-6hJJ4c-892n21-4yt3kt-rPBpzG-rdeFWd-9nwL5U-7ZoiNd-88
1
By Roban Kramer - https://www.flickr.com/photos/robanhk/15912185717/in/photolist-qdSV4u-88fu1M-qf77rB-qAqrxR, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39949936
1
Sun Anemone (Stichodactyla helianthus), Panama 2017
Sun Anemone, Stichodactyla helianthus, Paseo de Cedral 2005
Sun Anemone, Stichodactyla helianthus, Paseo de Cedral 2005
Sun Anemone, Stichodactyla helianthus, Coco View 2022

Husbandry know-how of owners

Rolfruediger
@Rolfruediger

am 22.01.21#1
Steht bei mir leider unter schwerem Verdacht, meinen kleinen Schleimfisch (E.ops) verputzt zu haben. Jedenfalls lebte der Kleine sehr zufrieden seit gut einem Jahr bei mir und war putzmunter bis er plötzlich verschwand, und das zufällig nur wenige Tage nachdem ich die S. helianthus eingesetzt habe. Dabei war er sonst klug genug zu meiner Wachsrose und zur phymanthus einen Sicherheitsabstand zu halten, darum dachte ich, er wird auch hier wissen, dass man sie lieber nicht als Rastplatz verwendet. Auch wenn ich sie nicht inflagranti erwischt habe, wird sie wohl umziehen müssen, wenn ich wieder einen kleinen Schleimfisch finde. Vergesellschaftung mit Synchiropus ocellatus, amblyeleotris yanoi und koumansetta rainfordi ist bis jetzt allerdings problemlos möglich, schon seit einigen Monaten.
Sitzt bei mir ca. 10cm unter der Wasseroberfläche auf Lebendgestein und lässt sich direkt von einer ca. 10cm entfernen mittelgroßen Strömungspumpe anblasen, dabei sitzen die Thor amboinensis gerne unter ihrem Schirm und auch direkt auf der Mundscheibe. An sich ein sehr hübsches, zitronengelbes robustes Tier. Gefressen wird auch alles, Pellets, Frostfutter in allen Größen, und vermutlich auch kleine (Schleim-)fische :( .
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