CA1268423A - Cosmetic sticks - Google Patents

Cosmetic sticks

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Publication number
CA1268423A
CA1268423A CA000497958A CA497958A CA1268423A CA 1268423 A CA1268423 A CA 1268423A CA 000497958 A CA000497958 A CA 000497958A CA 497958 A CA497958 A CA 497958A CA 1268423 A CA1268423 A CA 1268423A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
cosmetic stick
stick composition
weight
cosmetic
wax
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA000497958A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Columkille Mccall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1268423A publication Critical patent/CA1268423A/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q15/00Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0216Solid or semisolid forms
    • A61K8/0229Sticks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0241Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
    • A61K8/0279Porous; Hollow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/25Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/34Alcohols
    • A61K8/345Alcohols containing more than one hydroxy group
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/36Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A61K8/361Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/81Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/8123Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. PVC, PTFE
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/412Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S424/00Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
    • Y10S424/05Stick

Abstract

ABSTRACT

COSMETIC STICKS

Cosmetic stick compositions comprising one or more liquid base materials, one or more solidifying agents for the liquid base materials, and from about 2% to about 30% (by total composition volume) of chemically inert particulates of at least 10 microns in diameter and having a density less than about 0. 60 g/ml. The liquid base materials are typically present at a level of from about 10% to about 90% (by total composition weight), and the solidifying agent is typically present at a level of from about 3% to about 70%
(by total composition weight). These cosmetic sticks may be of a gel stick type or a wax stick type, depending upon the particular liquid base materials and solidifying agents used. Preferred cosmetic sticks contain a safe and effective amount of an active material having, for example, antiperspirant or deodorant activity.

Description

~2&~8~23 COSMETIC STICKS
Patrick Columkille McCall BACKGROUND OF_THE INVENTION
The present inventis~n relates to stick-type cosmetic 5 compositions. More particularly, it relates to improved antiperspirant sticks.
The chemical and cosmetic literature is replete with formu-lations of stick-form cosmetics for various uses, such as antiperspirants, deodorants, and lipsticks. The specific stick 10 formulation may vary depending upon such factors as the intended use, the "active" ingredient to be incorporated, and the part of the body to which the product is to be applied.
There are three main types of such cosmetic stick formu-lations: compressed powder sticks, gel sticks, and wax sticks.
15 While each of these formulation types may have advantages in certain use situations, each also has disadvantages. For example, compressed powder sticks are often brittle and hard, and leave a cosmetically-unacceptable dust upon application. Gels may be unstable due to evaporation of alcohol or ( in antiperspirant 20 sticks) due to interaction of astringent metal salts with the soaps present. Wax-based ~ormulations can also yield cosmetically-unacceptable products due to such factors such as hardness, greasiness, and stickiness.
The use of powders and particulates has been disclosed in 25 the literature in order to modify the cosmetic and formulation characteristics of stick-type products. For example, polyethylene in a powder base has been disclosed for use in stick-form powder cosmetics in Japanese Patent specification 57-109,706, published .luly 8, 1982. Similarly, U.S. Patent 4,379,136, Mochida, issued 30 April 5, 1983, discloses polyethylene as a binding aid in compressed powder cosmetic sticks. Inert powders, such as poly-~; styrene, have also been used in gel stick formulations, as dis-closed in U.S. Patent 3,255,082, Barton, issued June 7, 1966.
Powder materials are discloseci in a matrix of Insoluble alcohols 35 and volatile silicone oils, so as to form wax-based cosmetic sticks, ; ~ ~

::

:: : ` :~

~8423 in U.S. Patent 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued November 21, 1 978.
_ It has now been discovered that gel or wax-based stick cosmetic compositions, containing certain chemically inert particula .es of a defined size and of low density, have superior application and in-use characterics when compared to similar cosmetic sticks not having such particles. In particular, wax cosmetic sticks of this invention incorporating astringent metal salts have improved application characteristics, such as "glide", as well as improved in-use characteristics, such as tackiness and appearance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides solid cosmetic stick composi-tions comprising:
(a) one or more liquid base materials:
(b) a solidifying agent of a type and amount effective to solidify said iiquid base materials; and ~c) from about 296 to about 30~ (by total composition volume) of chemically inert particles of at least about 10 microns in diameter and having a density less than about 0.60 g/ml.
The liquid base materials are typically present at levels of from about 109~ to about 90~ (by total composition weight), and the solidifying agent is typically present~at levels of from about 3~6 to about 70~ (by total composition weight). This invention also provides cosmetic sticks, further comprising from about 10~ to about 70~6 (by weight) of one or more astringent metallic salts, particularly useful as antiperspirants.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cosmetic sticks of this invention contain three essential ingredients: liquid base materials, solidifying agents, and chem-ically inert particles of a defined size and of low density. These compositions (herein "cosmetic sticks"~ encompass any solid (or semi-solid) composition intended for human use in order to deposit material on human tissue. Thus, the instant cosmetic sticks preferably contain additional ingred~ents, dependlng upon th~lr , ,. ; ..

intended use, such as antiperspirant salts and deodorizing com-pounds. These essential and optional ingredients must be "cosmetically-acceptable", i.e., safe for human~ use and aesthetically acceptable at the levels at which such materials are 5 used in the present compositions, at a reasonable risk/benefit ratio .
Specifically, the cosmetic sticks of the present invention comprise:
[a) one or more liquid base materials:
(b) a solidifying agent of a type and amount effective to solidify said liquid base materials; and ~c) from about 296 to about 3096 (by volume) of chemically inert particles olF at least about 10 microns in diameter and having a density less than about 0.60 g/ml.
The liquid base materials are typically present at levels of from about 10~ to about 90~ (by weight). The solidifying agent is typically present at levels of from about 396 to about 7096 (by weight). (As used herein percentages "by volume" are with respect to totai composition volume; percentages "by weight" are with respect to total composition weight. In addition, such percentages "by volume" of the chemically inert particulates are determined with respect to the actual volume occupied by the particulates in the final composition, as a function of the weight and the true density of the particular particuiate materiai used. ) These cosmetic sticks can be generally described as being either gel sticks or wax sticks, depending upon the particular liquid base materials and solidifying agent used. The preferred levels of the components of these sticks will, accordingly, vary depending upon the type of stick desired. Further, the specific liquid base materials and solidifying agents, as well as the preferred materials, will vary according to the type of stick and the desired rheologic properties.
Essential Components Liquid Base Materials:
The cosmetic sticks of this invention contain one or more liquid materials, herein "liquid base materials", that form the base matrix of the solid stick when combined with a suitable solidifying 126~3~23 agent. (As used herein, "liquid" materials are those that are liquid at ambient conditions. ) As is appreciated by those skilled in the art, the selection of ia particular liquid base-material, as welt as the selection of a suitable solidifying agent, will vary depending upon the particular type of cosmetic stick desired.
Such "types" of sticks can generally be classified as either gel sticks or wax sticks. A variety of liquid base materials and solidifying agents among those useful herein, as well as sticks made from these materials, are described in the following 1 0 documents; S. Plecbner, "Antiperspirants and Deodorants", 2 Cosmetics, Science and Technoiogy~ 373-416 (M. Balsam and E. Sagarin ed. 19727; C.
Fox, "Gel and Sticks Revie7s and Update", 99 Cosmetics ~
Toiletries 19-52 (1984); N. Geria, "Formulation of Stick Antiperspirants and Deodorants", 99 Cosmetics ~ Toiletries, 55-99 (1984); and "Gels and Sticks Formulary", 99 Cosmatics Toiletries, 77-87 (1984). The present cosmetic sticks may also be mult~-phase sticks, such as the multi-phase sticks disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,120,948, Shelton, issued October 17, 1978, and U.S. Patent 4,21)2,879, Shelton, issued Alay 13, 1980.
The wax cosmetic sticks of this invention preferably contain from about 20~ to about 60~ [by weight) of a liquid base material.
The liquid base materials useful in these wax sticks generally also serve as emollients, impro~rin!3 the cosmetic acceptability of the cosmetic stick. Accordingly, the liquid base materials useful in the wax-based cosmetic sticks of the present invention are preferably organic non-hydrocarbGn materials that are liquid and substantially water-insolubla. (As used herein, the term 'iwater-insoluble" refers ~o water solubility less than about 1.0~ at 20C. 7 Such liquid base materials are disclosed in the following patent documents; U~S.
Patent 4,049,792, E)snau, issued Septembar 20, 1977; U.S. Patent 4,151,272, Geary, et al., issued April 24, 1979; U.S. Patent 4~ 432r Geria, ~ssued October 21, 1980; and U.S. Patent 4,280,99g, ~urne~r/ issued July ~8~ lig81. ~referred liquid base ~68423 materials useful in the present wax sticks are described in U . S.
Patent 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued November 21, 1978 and European Patent Specification 117,070, May, published August 29,. 1984 Such organic non-hydrocarbon liquid base materials include fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters, water-insoluble ethers and alcohols, polyorganosiloxanes, and mixtures thereof. Fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters useful herein include isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, cetyl acetate, cetyl propionate, di-n-butyl phthalate, diethyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, and ethyl carbo-methyl phthalate. Isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, di-n-butyl phthalate, and mixtures thereof, are among the pre-ferred fatty acid and ~atty alcohol esters useful herein.
Water-insoluble ethers useful herein include polypropylene glycol and the condensation products of an alkylene oxide with an alcohol. A preferred water-insoluble ether is the condensation product o~ about 14 moles of _propylene - oxide with one mole of butyl alcohol, sold as Fluid A~)by Union Carbide.
The wax sticks of this 7nvention preferably contain ~rom about 3596 to about 60~, more preferably from about 4096 to 60 lbY weight), of a polyorganosiloxane as the liquid base material.
The polyorganosiloxanes useful herein may be cyclic or linear, and are preferably volatile silicone oils. (As used herein, "volatile" refers to those materials which have a measurable vapor pressure at ambient conditions.) A description of various volatile silicones is found in Todd, et al., "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91, 27 - 32 (1976).
Pre~errecl ~yclic silicones include the poly~dimethylsi~Qxanes containing from about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms, preferably containing from about 4 to about 5 silicon atoms. Preferred linear silicone oils include the poly-dimethyJsi~oxanes containing from about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms.
The iinear 0~71atiJe silicones generaiJy hawe viscosities of less than about 5 cenltistokes at 25C., while the cyclic materials have ViSCOSitie!; of less than about 10 centistokes. ~xamples of silicone oils useful in the present inventior, include: Dow Corning 344, ~Z~i8423 Dow Corning 345, and Dow Corning 200 (manufactured by the Dow Corning Corporation); 'Silicone 7207 and Silicone 7158 lmanu-factured by the Union Carbide Corporation); S~1202 ~manufactured by General Electric); and SWS-03314 lmanufactured by Stouffer Chemicall.
The gel sticks of the present invention pre~erably contain from about 6% to about 80~ ~ preferably from about 15~ to about 30~ (by weight), of a liquid base material. The liquid base materials useful in these gel sticks may be selected to also provide desirable cosmetics, such as emolliency or a cooling sensation when applied to the skin. Liquid base materials usefui herein include water, lower monohydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, and mixtures thereof. Among these base materials are ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, ter~-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, glycerine, 1,3-butane diol, 1,4 butane-diol, and mixtures thereof. Such liquid base materials are disclosed in the following patent documents:
Patent 2,900,306, Slater, issued August 18, 1959; U.S. Patent 3,255,082, Barton, issued June 7, 1966; U.S. Patent 4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued January 30, 1979; O.S. Patent 4,154,816, Roehl, et al ., issued May 15, 1979, U . S . Patent 4,226,889, Yuhas, issued October 7, 198û; U.S. Patent 4,346,079, Roehl, issued August 24, 1982; U.S. Patent 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issue~ May 17, 1983; European Patent Specification lp7,330, Luebbe, et at., published May 2, 1984; and Canadian Patent P~pliQ~ion Serial No. 485,536, DiPietro, filed June 27, 1985~, Preferred liquid base materials useful in the present gel sticks are described in European Patent Specification 24,365, Sampson, et al., published March 4, 1981 ~ ' Solidifying Agents: '' The cosn~etic stick~ of th;s ;nvention contain one or more materials, herein singly or collectively referred to as a 35 "solidifyin~ agent", that are éffective to solidify the particular liquid ~se m3~eria~ to b~ ~se~ he cosmetic s~ick. (As used herern, tlhe term ~soliidify~' refers ~o t~e physical and/or chemical ~268423 alteration of the liquid base material so as to ~orm a solid or semi-solid at ambient conditions, i . e., to form a final composition which has a stable physical structure and is deposited on the skin during normal use conditions. ) As is appreciated by those 5 skilled in the art, the selection of the particular solidifying agent for use in the cosmetic stick will depend upon the particular type of stick desired, i.e., gel or wax-based, the desired rheology, the liquid base material used and the other materials to be used in the composition.
10The wax cosmetic sticks of this invention preferably contain from about 5% to about 5096 (by weight) of a material having wax-like characteristics as a solidifying agent. Such waxy materials may also serve as emollients. Among the waxy materials useful herein are the hiqh melting point waxes, i . e., having 3 15melting point of from about 65C to about 1 02C, such as beeswax, spermaceti, carnauba, baysberry, candelilla, montar!, ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, synthetic waxes such as Fischer-Tropsch waxes~ microcrystalline wax, and mixtures thereof.
Ceresin, ozokerite, white beeswax, synthetic waxes, and mixtures 2p thereof, are among the preferred high-melting point waxes useful herein. Compositions containing waxes among those useful herein are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,049,792, Elsnau, issued September 20, 1977. I~ 31ting waxes having a melting point of from about 37C. to about 75C., are 25 preferred for use in the wax sticks of this invention. Wax sticks of this invention, which contain volatile silicone oils as a liquid base material~ preferably contain from about 104 to about 35~, more pr~ferahly from about 10~ to about 20~ (by weighti, of a low-melting wax. Such materials include fatty acids, fatty alco-30 hols, fatty acid esters and fatty acids amides, having fatty chainsof from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred wax-like materials include cetyl alcohol, palmitic acid, stearyl alcohol, behenamide, sucrose esters of tallow fatty acids, mono and di-fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, and mixtures 35 thereof. Stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof, are particularly prefe~red. Fatty acids, ~atty alcohals, and other wax-1ike rnaterials useful l~s this invention are also disclosed in ~8fl~23 the following U . S . Patents;
Patent 4,151,272, Geary, et al., issued April 24, 1979; Patent 4,229,432, Geria, issued October 21, ~980; and U.S. Patent 4,280,g94, Turney, issued Juiy 28, 1981. Preferred wax-like 5 materials useful as solidifyillg agents in the present wax sticks are described in U.S. Patent 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued November 21, 1978 . Preferred mixtures of wax-like materials comprise fatty alcohols containing carbon chains of from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms, and 10 alcohols having chain lengths of 20 carbons or longer, wherein the final mixture contains from about 1~ to about 3% (~y ~veight) of the longer-chain fatty alcohols. Composttions containing these fatty alcohol mixtures are described in European Patent Specification 117,070, May, published August 29, 198l~
The gel sticks of this invention preferably contain from about 3~ to about 3096, preferably from about 3~ to about 10% ~by ;~ weight), of a colidifying agent. The particular amount of solidifying agent to be used will depend upon the particular 20 solidif~ing agent and the liquid base material used, and the desired physical characteristics of the gel stick. Solidifying agents useful in the gel sticks of this invention are, in general, surface-active compounds which ~orm networks immobilizing or solidifying the liquid base materials into a gel. Such solidifying 25 agents inciude: soaps, such as the sodium and potassium salts of higher fatty acids, i.e., acids having from 12 to 2~ carbon atoms;
-~ amides of higher fatty acids higher fatty acid amides of alkylolamines; dibenzaldehyde-monosorbitol acetals alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of the acetates, propionates and 30 lactates; waxes, such as candelilla and carnauba waxes; and mixtures thereof. Among those solidif~ing agents preferred ~or use in the gel sticks of this invention are sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, aluminum s~rate, and mixtures thereof. (;el s~ick co npocltions contairiiing sol~dify~ng agents among those useful 35 herein are descrlbed in the following patent documents~
U.S. Patent 2,900,306, Slater, ~423 issued August 18, 1959; U.S. Patent 3,255,082, Barton, issued June 7, 1966; U.S. Patent 4,137,3û6, Rubino, et al., issued January 30, 1979; U.S. Patent 4,154,816, Roehl, et al., issued May 15, 1979; U.S. Patent 4,2~6,889, Yuhas, issued October 7, 1980; U.S. Patent 4,346,079, Roehl, issued August 24, 1982;
U.S. Patent 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issued May 17, 1983;
European Patent Specification 107,330, Luebbe, et al., published May 2, 1984; ~nd Carladian Pat~nt Apt"lic~tion Serial ~. 485,536 DiPietro, filed J~e 27, 1985. Preferred solidi~ing agents useful in the present gel sticks are described in European Patent Specification 24,365 Sampson, et al., published March 4, 1981 Chemically Inert Particulates:
The cosmetic sticks of this invention contain from about
2~ to about 30%, preferably from about 3~ to about 209~, more pre~erably from about 6~ to about 1396 (by volume1, of chemically inert particulates of at least about 10 microns in diameter and having a density less than about 0.60 g/ml (grams/milliliter).
Preferably, the chemically inert particulates have a density of from a~out 0.02 to about 0.50 g/ml . (As used herein, the term "density" refers to true density of discrete particulates, as opposed to bulk density.1 Cosmetic sticks with large particulates may have a cosmetically unacceptable "gritty" feel. Hence, preferably the particulates do not exceed about 150 microns in diameter. Most preferably, the particulates are from about 15 microns to about 75 microns in diameter. Commercially-available particulate materials useful herein may be of a non-uniform size distribution, containing some particles outside the size ranges described herein. For the purposes of this -invention, such non-uniform materials must have a median diameter within the ranges described herein.
Particulates may be spherical or irregular in shape.
Spherical particles are particularly preferred. Irregularly shaped particles, useful in the present invention, are of at least 10 microns in minimum diameter or width. Preferably, then, such irregularly shaped particles do not exceed 150 microns in maximum diameter or hngth.

.~ ~

~ 23 As used herein, "chernically inert" particulates are those particulates comprised of materiats or mixtures of materials which neither melt nor decompose nor react with the liquid base ma-terials, solidifying agents or the other components of the instant 5 cosmetic sticks, under the conditions of preparation or of use.
Materials of a density greater than about 0.60 g/ml may be used in chemically inert particulates that are of a hollow configuration, such that the overall particle density is within the ranges described herein. Among the particulate materials that may be 10 incorporated in the instant invention include those comprised of silicates, polyolefins (such as ~olystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene), nylon, "Teflon~E3) thermoplastics (such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, - polyvinylidene chloride, and polystyrene), and mixtures thereof.Chemically inert particulates useful herein are commercially available from a variety of sources. A preferred particulate material is comprised of hollow borosilicate spheres, such as those manufactured by 3M Company. Such particulates have diameters of approximaîely 10 to 60 microns, and densities of from 0.15 to 20 0.40 g/ml. Other preferred chemically-inert particulates useful herein are hollow plastic spheres, such as those disclosed in the following documents. U.S.
Patent 2,797,201, Veatch, et ai., issued June 25, 1957; U.S.
Patent 3,515,569, Walters, et al., issued June 2, 1970; U.5.
Patent 3,615,972, Morehouse, Jr., et al., issued Clctober 26, 1971; lJ.S. Patent 4,006,273, Wolinski, et al., issued February 1, 1977; and British Patent Specification 1,103,472, published February 14, 1968. Such a particularly preferred hollow spher-ical chemically-inert material useful herein is sold by Pierce and Stevens Company, under the name Miralite. These"Miralit~' par-ticulates typically have diameters of approximately 10 to 60 microns, and a density of about 0.03 g/ml. On a weight basis, such microspheres are usua~ly incorporated in the present sticks at levels of from about 0.064 to about 1 ~, preferably from about 0.1 ~ to about 0.6%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 0.4~.

*Trad~mark ~6~3 Non-essential Components Optional "Non-active" Components:
The com,~osltions of this invention preferably contain optional components which modify the physical characteristics of the 5 cosmetic st~tks. Such components include hardeners, strengtheners, emollients, colorants, perfumes, emulsifiers, and fillers. Optional components, useful herein, are disclosed in the following patent documents:
U.S. Patent 3,255,082, Barton, issued June 7, 1966; U.S. Patent 4,049,792, Elsnau, issued September 20, 1977: U.S. Patent 4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued January 30, 1979; ,I,I.S.,Patent 4,279,658, Hooper, et al., issuetl July 14, 19~1;
Application Serial No. 485,536, DiPietro, filed J~ne 27, 1985; and - European Patent Specification 117,070, May, published August 29, 1984.
In particular, the instant compositions preferably contain ~rom about 196 to about 20% (by weight) of an emollient. One type of preferred emollient, that is suitable for use in the wax-based sticks of this invention, is the non-volatile silicone oils. Dimethi-cone is a particularly preferred non-volatile silicone oil for such use. These materials may also serve a similar function as the liquid base materials useful herein. Such emollients suitable for use in the present solid stick compositions include fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters and water insoluble ethers, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,202,879, Shelton, issued May 13, 1980, propylene oxide condensation products containing from about 5 to about 35 propylene oxide units. Examples of such emollients include Fluid A~a condensate of about 14 moles of propylene 30 oxide with about 1 mole of butyl alcohol) sold by Union Carbide, and a polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1200. U.S. Patent 4,280,994, lurney, issued July 28, lg8t . discloses polyetihyl~ne glyc~ls having a molecular weight of from about 950 to about 1600, for 35 use in antiperspirant stick compositions.

~2~8423 The instant cosmetic sticks may also contain from about O . 5~
to about 10~ (by weight) of an inert filler material. Suitable filler materials include talc, colloidal silica (such as "Cab-O-Sil', sold by Cabot Corp. ~, clays (such as bentonite~, and mixtures 5 thereof. The use of such fillers as stabilizing agents in cosmetic sticks is disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,126,679, Davy et al.. issued November 21, 1978.
The cosmetic sticks of the present invention may also include perfumes, emulsiflers, and colorlng agents. These components are preferably present at levels from about O .19~ to about 2 . 0%
(by weight).
Optional "Active" Components:
Preferred embodlments of the instant cosmetic sticks contain a safe and effective amount of one or more components, herein "active components", which are meant to be deposited upon human tissue. Active components include astringents, bacteriostats, fungistats, pigments, dyes, colorants, perfumes, emollients, ultra violet absorbers, and mixtures thereof. The active components must be stable in the formuiations of the instant invention. A
"safe and effective" amount of an active component is that amount which yields the desired benefit at a reasonable benefit/risk rat50 for human usage. Various active components among those useful in this invention are described in U.5. Patent 4,226,889, Yuhasr issued October 7, 1980.
Particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention are useful as antiperspirants. Thus, antiperspirant sticks, accordlng to the present Inventlon, additionally comprise a safe and effective amount of an antiperspirant material, i.e., a compound or compositlon havlng antiperspirant activlty.
Astringent metallic salts are preferred antiperspirant compounds, and may be incorporated In the instant compositions at levels of from about 10% to about 7096, preferably from about 15% to about 50%, most preferably from about 15% to about 409~ (by weight~.
Preferred astringent metallic salts irlclude the inorganic and organic salts of aluminum, zirconium and zinc, and mixtures thereof. Particuiarly preferred are the aluminum and zirconium *'l'raden~rk .
.: .: ; . ~ :

. .

,,,, , . ., ,, :., 3L26~23 salts, such as aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides, ~irconyl oxyhalides, 2irconyl hydroxyhalides, and mi;ctures there-of. Such metal salts, and complexes thereof, are described in European P~tent S~ecification 117,070, May, published August 29, 1984 a~d ~.S. Patent 4,137,306, l~ub!~nor et a(~ iissued January 30, 1979.

Preferre:l aluminurn salts include those of the formula A12(0H )aClb-xH20 wherein a is from about 2 to about 5; a+b = 6; x is from about 1 to about 6; and wherein a, b, and x may have non-integer val-ues. Particularly preferred are aluminum chlorhydroxides re-~erred to as "5f6 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a = 5, and "2/3 basic chlorhydroxide, " wherein a = 4. Processes for preparing aluminum salts are disclosed in the following doclJments;

issued June 3, 1975; U.S. Patent 3,904,741, Jones, et al., issued September 9, 1975; U.S. Patent 4,359,456, ~osling, et 31., issued November t6, 1982; and British Patent Specification ~,048,229, Fitzgerald, et al., published - December 10, 1980. Mixtures of aluminum salts are described in British Patent Specification 1,347,950, Shin, et al., published February 27, 1974 .

Zirconium salts are also preferred for use in antiperspirant stkks of the present invention. Such salts are of the general formula ZrO(OH )2_aCla 'xH20 wherein a is from about 1 to about 2, preferably from about 1.5 to about 1.87; x is from about 1 to about 7; and wherein a and n may have non-integer values. These zirconium salts aré disclosed in Belgic~n Patent 825,146, Schmitz, issued August 4, 1975.

sa~ts are ltl1~cse ec~mp~e~e~ a~s~ ~on~aining alu~inum and glycine, ~omro~FIEy kn~wn as '~A~; c~ plexes". SLIch 2AG complexes ~onta~n aluminum chlorhydroxide and zirconyl hydroxychloride of ,~

~2~i8~23 the formulae detailed above. These compounds in ZAG complexes are disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,679,068, Luedders, et al., issued February 12, 1974 and U.S.
Patent 4,120,948, Shelton, issued October 17, 1978.

As is appreciated by those skilled in the art, certain of the antiperspirant materials described above n ay be ineffective in, or lead to instability of, the gel sticks of this invention.
Accordingly, antiperspirant sticks o~ this invention are preferably 10 wax sticks. However, certain antiperspirant materials may be incorporated in gel sticks of this invention, particularly including the a~ohol-soluble aluminum salts. Gel-type antiperspirant sticks are described in the following U.S. Patents i Patent 3,255,082, Barton, issued June 7, 1966;
15 Patent 4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued January 30, 1979; and Patent 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issued May 17, 1983.
Cosmetic sticks of the present invention may also include a - safe and effective amount of deodorant materials, such as bacteriocides and fungicides, or mixtures thereof. Such 20 deodorant materials are usually present at levels of from about 0.196 to 1.0~ ~by weight). Suitable deodorants include bac-teriostatic quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzethonium chloride, diisobutyl phenoxy ethoxy ethyl dimethyl 25 benzyl ammonium chloride, sodium N-lauryl-sarcosine, sodium N-polymethyl sarcosine, lauroyl sarcosine, N-myristoyl glycine, potassium l~l-lauroyl sarcosine, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable deodorant materials include 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'hydroxydiphenyl ether and 30 sodium bicarbonate. Certain of the astringent salts useful herein may also serve as deodorant materials. For example, sodium aluminum chlorhydroxy l~c~te, sold as Chloracel~) by Reheis Chemical Company, is useful as a d~odorant material.
Methods The preseilt Inven~avn ~sc~rPpasses methods of preparing cosmetic stick compositions with improved in-use performance characteristics. These methods generally comprise adding chemi-cally inert particles, of a clefined size and density, to a stick base consisting of liquid base materials ~nd a sol~difying agent, yielding a cosmetic stick comprised as described above.. In a 5 preferred embodiment, this invention provides a me~thod of reduc-ing the in-use stickiness while enhancing the application charac-teristics of antiperspirant sticks.
The cosmetic sticks of this inventi~n can be made using techniques well known in the art. Such techniques, among those 10 generally LJseful herein, are described in "Gels and Sticks Formulary", ~ I osmetics ~ Toiletries 77-B7 ~19841.
Due to ff~ w densit~y of the ~ically inert particulates useful herein, ra~ n~st t)e taken in handling these materials in order to avoid ~ess dustiness during 15 manufacture. Further, the formulation of the present oosmetic stisks may require additional precautions, such as agitation and careful control of the temperature o~ $he molten stick formulation prior to solidification, so as to maintain even :listribution of the instant chem;cally inert particulate ~at~rials throughou~ the 20 product. One particulariy preferre~ method of manufacturing wax-based sticks of ~he present invention is to slurry or otherwise combine the chemica~ly-iner~ p~rticulates with the liquid base materials prior to stick ~rmulation.
The following non-limiting examples i~lustrate the composi-5 tions, processes and uses of the present in~ntion.EXAMPLE I
-An antiperspirant stick, according to the instant invention, was made comprising:
Component ~ (by weight) 30cyclomethicone 53. 97 stearyl alcohol ~3.00 "Castorwax"l 4 . W
cetyl alcohol* 2.00 "Miralite 1;7~" 2 1).30 35ZAG comp~ex** ~.70 per~ume 0 . 03 21 TraderrErk for hydrogenated castor oil Trademark i26B423 *: polyvinylidene chloride hollow microsphere particulates, of approximately 35 microns mean diameter and 0. 036 g/ml density, sold by Pierce ~ Stevens Chemical Corp., present at a lev~; of about 9.2% (by volume) **: zirconium-aluminum-glycine-hydroxy chloride astringent com-plex, sold by Reheis Chemical Company The stearyl alcohol, "Caston,lax" and cetyl alcohol were heated to~ether at approximately 77C, and mixed with approximately on~hal~ of t~e cyclomethicone. The Miralite was slurried into the remaining quarltity o~ cyclomethicone and added to the wax/-cyclomethicone mixture, maintaining the resulting mixture at a temperature greater than 82C. The ZAG active material and perfume were then added. The material was thoroughly mixed at a temperature of 85C, allowed to cool to approximately 53C, and pourett into stick-forms. Solid antiperspirant sticks were then forrned upon cooling below approximately 50C.
An antiperspirant stick, formulated as above, was applied to the underarm of a human subject, reducing the perspiration in the applied area of the subject. In the above example, stearyl alcohol, palmitic acid, behenamide, sucrose esters of tallow fatty acids, and mono and di-fatty acid esters of polyethylene ylycot are substituted for cetyl alcohol, respectively, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLE l I
An antiperspirant stick, according to the present invention, is rnade comprising:
Component % lby weight) cyclomethicone 60. 0 stearyl alcohol 11.7 ~ 5.O
"Miralite 177" o . 5 Chlorhydrol Micro-Dry~* ~2.0 frag rance 0 . 8 *: present at ~ ~evel ~f ab~t 15.3% (by volume~
35 ~* 5/6 ~asic ~ c~lorSlydr~te astringent, sold by Reheis Chemica~ ~omparly ll~ad~rE rk ~,-~6~3423 EXAMPLE l l I
An antiperspirant stick, according to the present invention, was made comprising: -Component ~ (by weight~
cyclomethicone 53 . 82 stearyl alcohol 13.00 cetyl alcohol 1.10 myristyl alcohol 1.10 "Cast,orwax"l 10 3M Glass Bubbles* 0.75 ZAG Complex 26 . 70 frag rance 03 *: soda-lime-borosilicate hollow glass spheres of from 5 to 60 microns laverage 27 microns) in diameter and density of approxi-15 mately 0. 22 glml, sold by 3M Company, present at a tevel of about 3.896 (by volume) EXAMPLE IV
. A deodorant stick, according to the present invention, is made comprising:
Component ~ (by weight~
ethanol 70 . 8 propylene glycol 17.0 water 2 . 5 sodium steara~e 7.5 25 Miralite 181* 0.2 zinc phenol sulfonate 1.0 coloring 0. 2 fragrance 0. 8 *: polyvinylidene chloride hollow microsphere particulates in 30 water wet form, of from 10 to 60 rnicrons in diameter and a density of approximat~y ~.032 g/ml, sold by Pierce ~ Stevens Chemical Corp., present at a level of 6.9% (by volume) All of ti~e cosnpor~ents listed a~re, except for the Miralite, are Enixeci together, under ~e~lux conditions, at about 82C until 35 ail materials are melted and dissolved. The Miralite particulate is then slurried into the mixture and stirred. The mixture is then cooled to about 71C, while maintaining agitation, and poured into stick forms. A deodorant gel stick is formed upon cooling.

Trademark Trademark ~'~

~L2~23 EXAMPLE V
An antiperspirant stick, according to the present invention, is made comprising:
Component ~ tby weight) Fluid AP * 35 . 8 cetyl alcohol 10.0 ozokerite wax 8.5 3M Gl~ss Bubbles** 1 . 9 aluminum chlorhydroxide 43.0 fragrance 0 . 8 *: condensation product of one mole of butyl alcohol with 14 moles of propylene oxide, sold by IJnion Carbide Corporation **: present at a level of about 9.59~ (by volume) In the above example, stearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol and glycerol monostearate are substituted, respectively, for cetyl alcohol, with substantially similar results.
Also, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate and polypropylene glycol are substituted for Fluid AP, respectively, with substantially similar results. Ceresin, white beeswax, spermaceti, 20 carnauba, bayberry, candelilla, montan and paraffin are also substituted, respectively, for ozokerite, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLE Vl A deodorant stick, according to the present invention, is made comprising:
Component ~ (by wei~ht) Fluid AP 44.01 propylene glycol 20.00 ethanol 8 . 50 sodium stearate 6.25 3M Glass Bubbles* 0.64 di-isopropyl adipate t 0. 00 myristyl alcohol 8 . 00 stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 6.30 coloring 1 . 30 fra~ranc,e 1 . 00 *: pres,ent at a level of about 2.696 (by volume) ~8423 In the above example, ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol and glycerine are substituted, respectively, for propylene glycol, with substantially similar results. Also, sodium palmitate and aluminum monostearate are substituted for sodium stearate, 5 respectively, with substantially similar results.
EXAMPLE V! l A cosmetic stick, according to the present invention, is made comprising:
Component g6 (by weight) cyclomethicone 44. 55 dimethicone 20, 00 cetyl alcohol 15 . 00 myristyl alcohol 10.00 beeswax 4. 50 Miralite 177* 0.95 zinc oxide 5.00 The cosmetic stick formed as described above is useful as an ultra violet absorbing sunscreen.
*: present at a level of about ~6.0% (by volume)

Claims (20)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A cosmetic stick composition, comprising (a) one or more liquid base materials;
(b) a solidifying agent of a type and amount effective to solidify said liquid base materials; and (c) from about 2% to about 30% (by volume) of chemically inert particulates of at least about 10 microns in diameter and having a density less than about 0.60 g/ml.
2. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 1, wherein said liquid base materials are present at a level of from about 10% to about 90% (by weight).
3. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 2, wherein said solidifying agent is present at a level of from about 3% to about 70% (by weight).
4. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 3, wherein said chemically inert particulates are present at a level of from about 3% to about 20% (by volume).
5. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 1, wherein said chemically inert particulates are from about 15 to about 75 microns in diameter.
6. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 5, wherein said chemically inert particulates have a density of from about 0.02 to about 0.50 g/ml.
7. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 6, wherein said chemically inert particulates are hollow silicate spheres.
8. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 6, wherein said chemically inert particulates are hollow plastic spheres.
9. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 3, additionally comprising from about 1% to about 20% (by weight) of an emollient.
10. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 3, additionally comprising a safe and effective amount of an active component.
11. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 10, which is a gel stick.
12. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 10, which is a wax stick.
13. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 11, wherein said active component is a deodorant material present at a level of from about 0.1% to about 1.0% (by weight).
14. A cosmetic stick composition, according to Claim 12, wherein said active material is an antiperspirant material present at a level of from 10% to about 70% (by weight).
15. A cosmetic stick composition, in gel form, comprising:
(a) from about 15% to about 30% (by weight) of polyhydric alcohol;
(b) from about 3% to about 10% (by weight) of a soap; and (c) from about 3% to about 20% (by volume) of chemically inert particulates, of from about 15 to 75 microns in diameter, having a density of from about 0.02 to 0.50 g/ml.
16. A cosmetic stick composition in gel form, according to Claim 15, additionally comprising from about 0.1% to about 1% of a deodorant.
17. A cosmetic stick composition in gel form, according to Claim 15, additionally comprising a monohydric alcohol.
18. A cosmetic stick composition in wax form, comprising:
(a) from about 10% to about 65% (by weight) of one or more volatile silicone oils;
(b) from about 10% to about 70% (by weight) of one or more materials having wax-like characteristics; and (c) from about 3% to about 20% (by volume) of chemically inert particulates, of from about 15 to 75 microns in diameter, having a density of from about 0.02 to about 0.50 g/ml.
19. A cosmetic stick composition in wax form, according to Claim 18, additionally comprising from about 10% to about 70% of an antiperspirant material.
20. A cosmetic stick composition in wax form, according to Claim 18, wherein said materials having wax-like characteristics are selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides, having fatty chains of from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
CA000497958A 1984-12-19 1985-12-18 Cosmetic sticks Expired - Fee Related CA1268423A (en)

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