CA2198475A1 - Personal cleansing compositions - Google Patents
Personal cleansing compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2198475A1 CA2198475A1 CA002198475A CA2198475A CA2198475A1 CA 2198475 A1 CA2198475 A1 CA 2198475A1 CA 002198475 A CA002198475 A CA 002198475A CA 2198475 A CA2198475 A CA 2198475A CA 2198475 A1 CA2198475 A1 CA 2198475A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- microns
- group
- mixtures
- surfactants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8105—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- A61K8/8111—Homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic olefines, e.g. polyethylene, polyisobutene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8105—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- A61K8/8117—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic olefines, e.g. polystyrene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8123—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. PVC, PTFE
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/86—Polyethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/87—Polyurethanes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/88—Polyamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
- A61K8/892—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone modified by a hydroxy group, e.g. dimethiconol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
- A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S424/00—Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
- Y10S424/05—Stick
Abstract
The present invention relates to non-abrasive personal care cleansing compositions. These compositions utilize insoluble micronized cleansing particles of defined particle size that are not tactilely perceived by the user during the cleansing process, and yet which provide improved cleansing performance from the composition. These compositions also comprise a surfactant, an emollient and water.
Description
WO ~6/0659~ PCTl~lSg.C11~148S
21 9~475 PERSONAL CLEANSING COMPOSITIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to personal care co~ .usiLion~ useful for cleansing the skin and hair. These co,llposiLiol-s contain insoluble ~iu~u~ ed cleansing particles in a cleansing base. These particles are chosen to provide alo cleansing benefit, yst without being tactilely detectable or unduly causing abrasion.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Personal cleansing cul"uosiLiù"a must satisfy a number of criteria to be a~ to consumers. These criteria include cleansing power, skin feel, 15 mildness to the skin, hair, and occular mucosae, and often in the case of surfactant-based cleansers, lather volume. Ideal personal cleansers should gently cleanse the skin or hair, causing little or no irritation and without leaving the skin overly dry or taut after frequent use.
One approach to personal cleansin3 is to utilize surfactants to aid in the 20 removal of dirt, oil, and debris (e.g., make-up). However, with surfactant-based cleansing systems, a trade-off exists between mildness and cleansing and lathering ability. The most effective cleansing and lathering surfactants tend to be the harshest and most irritating. On the other hand, surfactants that are known to be..mild tend to have the drawback of poor cleansing and lather 25 pe,fulll~dll~e compared to the highest bar soap standards (e.g., coconut soaps).
One solution to this problem has been to attempt to find a middle ground by balancing the surfactant system for mildness and cleansing and lathering ability.
Another approach to personal cleansing is to utilize solvents and emollients to aid in the removal of dirt, oil, and debris. Even though solvents and 30 emollients are effective cleansers, these materials have the disadvantage of being more difficult to remove by rinsing and of tending to leave the skin with a coated, greasy feel. Aiso, most solvents and emollients have low water solubility which means that they must either be used in an anhydrous system or formulated with a high solvent level to provide effective cleansing.
WO 96/06595 P~ ')5/10.1~5 .
21 9~475 PERSONAL CLEANSING COMPOSITIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to personal care co~ .usiLion~ useful for cleansing the skin and hair. These co,llposiLiol-s contain insoluble ~iu~u~ ed cleansing particles in a cleansing base. These particles are chosen to provide alo cleansing benefit, yst without being tactilely detectable or unduly causing abrasion.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Personal cleansing cul"uosiLiù"a must satisfy a number of criteria to be a~ to consumers. These criteria include cleansing power, skin feel, 15 mildness to the skin, hair, and occular mucosae, and often in the case of surfactant-based cleansers, lather volume. Ideal personal cleansers should gently cleanse the skin or hair, causing little or no irritation and without leaving the skin overly dry or taut after frequent use.
One approach to personal cleansin3 is to utilize surfactants to aid in the 20 removal of dirt, oil, and debris (e.g., make-up). However, with surfactant-based cleansing systems, a trade-off exists between mildness and cleansing and lathering ability. The most effective cleansing and lathering surfactants tend to be the harshest and most irritating. On the other hand, surfactants that are known to be..mild tend to have the drawback of poor cleansing and lather 25 pe,fulll~dll~e compared to the highest bar soap standards (e.g., coconut soaps).
One solution to this problem has been to attempt to find a middle ground by balancing the surfactant system for mildness and cleansing and lathering ability.
Another approach to personal cleansing is to utilize solvents and emollients to aid in the removal of dirt, oil, and debris. Even though solvents and 30 emollients are effective cleansers, these materials have the disadvantage of being more difficult to remove by rinsing and of tending to leave the skin with a coated, greasy feel. Aiso, most solvents and emollients have low water solubility which means that they must either be used in an anhydrous system or formulated with a high solvent level to provide effective cleansing.
WO 96/06595 P~ ')5/10.1~5 .
2 ~ '7~i Yet another approach to personal cleansing is to rely on the physical abrasion of suspended particles to remove oil, dirt, and other debris. A wide variety of cleansing fo",posilions containing abrasive particles are known in the ~lldlket,uldue, but these .,o""~o~iliu"s suffer from the disadvantage of giving an unpleasant sensation oF s~lul,i"ess to the user, or even worse, of adually damaging the skin by abrading it. In fact many abrasive scrub products are perceived as too hush and irritating for everyday use.
Therefore, it is seen that conventional surfactant based cleansers, emollient and solvent cleansers, and cleansers utllizina abrasive particles all o suffer from .liaadvd, ILd~s. Clearly, a need exists to develop personal cleansing cu,,,posiliùns which provide effective skin cleansing benefits without the disadvantages of harsh surfactants, heavy emollients and soivents, and overly abrasive particies.
It has been surprisingly found in the present invention that highly efficacious cleansing uulll,uOailiurl~ can be prepared vhich utilize certain small diameter ~ Ulli~ d particles to achieve improved cleansing efficacy. In these uo",,uùsilions the particles are of such a size as to be below the tactile perception threshold of the user ~i.e. the particles cannot be felt during the cleansing process). Without being limited by theory, it is believed that these 2(3 smali particles are still large enough to physically boost the cleansing power of mild suffadant or emollient and solvent systems by lifting away dirt, oil, and other debris. It has been found herein that particles having a mean particle size diameter from about 1 micron to about 75 microns are most useful for this purpose and permit the formulaUon of non-abrasive, non-irritaina cleansing products, which are ideal for daiJy use. It has also been found that particular attention must be given to ensuring that the particJes employed do not have a significant pe:l ~"lago of particles above about 75 microns.
It is therefore an objed of the present invention to provide personal cleansing culll~uwilions useful for cleansing the skin and hair.
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing cull,~ o~iliuns utilizing Illiulvlli~ud particles such that the coi",uosilions have good cleansing ability without irritating or abrading the skin.
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing cull,,uu,iliulls utilizing l~liUlUlli ed particles In co",i,i"c,lh~ll with mild surfactant systems.
-W09611K~gS 2 1 9~4 75 PCT~IS~5/1048S
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing uo~,uùsiliùns utilizing ",i~lulli~td particles in culllbilldliùll with mild surfactant systems and emollients and solvents.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for cleansing the skin or hair.
These and other objects of this invention will become apparent in light of the following disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nonabrasive personal cleansing CUlllU05iliUI) UUlllpliaill~.
(a) from about 0.1C/o to about 20C/o of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from about 1 miaon to about 75 microns, with greater thanabout 95% of said particles in said CUIIIIJU~ 1 having a diameter less than about 75 microns, (b) from about 0.05~h to about 40~h of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, alll,uhult~l ic surfactants, zwitluricinic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0~fO to about 50% of an emollient, and (d) from about 20~h to about 99.85Ch water.
All p~,c ~,lages and ratios used herein are by weight of the total ~.ulllpoailicJl) and all measurements made are at 25 C, unless otherwise desiy~lalrd. All weight pu",d"lages, unless otherwise indicated, are on an actives weight basis. The invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist e~e-" '1~ of, the essential as well as optional i"yludie"ls and cu,,,,uul~ t~
described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The personal cleansing COIIIIIOC;I;OII~ of the present invention are highly effir~ririr,l ~c for cleansing the skin or hair withouth being irritating or abrasive or leaving the skin feeling greasy or coated. These cleansers can be prepared in a wide variety of forms including liquids, emulsions, cold creams, gels, bars, andthe like, and can also be delivered from bottles, tubes, pumps, squeeze foamers,and aerosol ~c" lidil ,e, s as foams, mousses, and lathers.
The term '',.,i~,,uni,,cd'', as used herein, means that the particles have a mean particle size diameter within about two orders of magnitude of a micron. In ~'0 g61065~; PCI-lUS~/1048~i 4 21 9$4~
other words, the term as used herein, means that the particles can be defined inmicron units without having to resort to unduly large or small ~one:l llidl values.
The term ''llulldu~ 'G'', as used herein, means that the c~ll.luua;~ions of the present invention do not have an abrasiv0 or scratchy feel that is perceptible 5 to the user.
The term "topical ~ dliull'', as used herein, means to apply or spread the cu" I,uosiliùns of the present invention to the surface of the skin or scalp and hair.
The term '',.~ ,,,,aceutically-ac-,epL~ule'', as used herein, means that the S c~lllpOailiulla or oulll,uOl)~ a thereof so described are suitabie for use in contact with human tissue without undue to~(icity, in~,o"i, ' ' y, instability, allersicresponse~ and the like.
INSOLUBLE MICRONIZED PARTICLES
Jhe cui.,,,~osiliul1s of the present invention comprise from about 0.1~o to 15 about 20~,G, more preferably from about û.~C/o to about 1 S~/c, and most preferably from about 2.5% to about 10~,6 of insoluble miwullkl:-l particles, based on the weight of the total cu,,,~,oailiùn.
The term "insoluble", as used herein, means that the particles are essentially insoluble in the cw,,,uo:,iliùns of the present invention. In particular, 20 the insoluble partides should have a solubility less than about 1 gram per 100 grams of ~,v~ ,or,iliun at 25-C, preferably less than about 0.5 grams per 100 grams of culll,uusiliull at 25-C, and more preferably less than about 0.1 srams per 100 grams of c~l, I,vua;liul I at 25-C.
These ",;~"ked particles have a mean particle size diameter and particle 25 ske distribution such that they are below the tactile perception threshold of most users, and yet are not so small as to be ineffective for aiding in oil, dirt, and debris (e.g., make-up) removal. It is found herein that particles having a mean particle size diameter greater than about 75 microns are tactilely perceived during the cleansing process and it is important to minimize the amount of these30 larger particles in the co~ Jositi~ns. Conversely, it is found that particles having a mean particle size diameter of less than about 1 to about 5 miuons are generally less effective for providing a cleansing benefit. Without beina limited by theory, it is believed that the insoluble cleansing particles should be of a size that is on the order of the thickness of the dirt, oil, or debris layer to be cleaned 35 away. This layer is believed to be on the order of a few microns in thickness in WO 9~,106aS9a PC'T/USgS1104gS
~ 21 ~475 most instances. Most conventional abrasive cleansers utilize particles typicallyhaving a particle size diameter in the 150-300 micron range, which is far largerthan necessary for effective cleansing. Consequently, such products have the disadvantage of having an abrasive feel without nec~ssd~ ily improving cleansingpe, ro""d"ce beyond that achieved in the present invention. It is therefore found in the present invention that the miululli~ed particles should have a mean particle size diameter from about 1 to about 75 microns, more preferably from about 15 to about 60 microns, and most preferably from about 20 to about 50 microns, so as to provide effective cleansing without being tactiiely pe, Luplible.
o Additionally, it is also ~ucou"i ed that mean particule size is not the only collsicie,dliu" that is important in detel",i"i"g the suitability of a particle for use herein. For example, even though a particle sample might have the "correct"
average particle size diameter, the particle distribution should be such as to have a minimum pe~l~llldge of the particles above the tactile threshold of above75 microns. Therefore, the insoluble Illiwulli~ed particles of the present invention also have a particle size distribution such that greater than about 95%
of the particles when formulated into the culll,uosiliu~s have a particle size less than about 75 microns, preferably greater than about 97.5~/0 of the particles have a particle size less than about 75 microns, more preferably greater than about 99% of the particles have a particle size less than about 75 microns, and most preferably greater than about 99.5~/0 of the particles have a particle size lessthan about 75 microns.
The particle size of the ~ uui~e i particles of the present invention can be measured using a variety of different techniques well-known to the formulation scientist of ordinary skill in the art, e.g. Iaser diffraction, Illi~,~u~,u,uy, filtration, sedi",e.,ldliun, etc. In the present invention, a preferred method of d._'~.l"i"i"g particie size is the laser diffraction technique using a cullllllulic;~ y available laser particle size analyzer. In the present invention the particle size measurements are d~t~l"~ d using a Munhall Particle Size Analyser, Model PSA-32 (available From Munhall Corp.). A variety of solvents of various viscosity and polarity can be used to disperse the particles in the samples to be analyzedfor size. Preferred solvents include water, hexanes, and iauplu~Jul1dl, with isou,u~ d,,ol being more preferred.
:
wo s~m6sss PCT.'~JS9~/10~8~i 6 2 i ~84;7~
Particles having a wide ran~e of shapes, surface ~,ha, c~l~, isLi~s, and hardness ~hdl du~ Lh,s can be utizlized herein provided the particle size requirements are met.
The water-insoluble, Illi.,lu~ d particles of the present invention can be s derived from a wide variety of materiais including those derived from inor3anic, organic, natural, and synthstic sources. Nonlimiting examples of these materialsinclude those selected From the group consisting of almond meal, alumina, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, apricot seed powder, ~ft~p~13j~, barley flour, bismuth ûxy hlul ide, boron nitride, caicium carbonate, calicum pho~,~h..ld, o calcium py~u~hu~yl)dle, calicum sul~ate, cellulose, chalk, chitin, clay, corn cob meal, corn cob powder, com flour, corn meal, corn starch, .f;dluilldceu.ls earth, dicalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, fullers earth, hydrated silica, hydroxyapatite, iron oxide, jojoba seed powder, kaoiin, loofah, ma~neisum trisilicate, mica, microcrystalline cellulose, ,,,u,-t,,,ui '' ~il, oat bran, oat flour, 15 oatmeal, peach pit powder, pecan shell powder, polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, :polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, poly.,ly,~,e, polyurethane, nylon, teflon (i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene), polyllalù~tsndlu-;l olefins, pumice rice bran, rye flour, sericite, silica, silk, sodium biUdlbUII_~, soidum silicoaluminatet soy flour synthetic hectorite, talc, tin oxide, titanium dioxide, tricalcium 20 pllu:"ul ,dla, walnut shell powder, wheat bran, wheat flour, wheat starch, zirconium silicate, and mixtures thereof. Also useful are ,.,i.,,u.,i~ad particles made from mixed polymers ~e.g., copolymers, terpolymers, etc.), such as polyethylene/polypropylene copclymer, polyethylenelpro- pylenelisobutylene copolymer, polyethylene/styrene copolymer, and the like. Typically, the 25 polymeric and mixad polymeric particles are treated via an oxidation process to destroy impurities and the like. The polymeric and mixed polymeric particles canalso optionally be u~u~ hed with a variety of common ~,~u~ hil~lJ agents, no, ' . ' ,~ examples of which include butadiene, divinyl benzene, methyleneLisd~ yl~mide, allyl ethers of suscroset allyl ethers of pentaerythritolt 3(J and mixtures thereof. Other examples of useful ~ u"i~ed particles include waxes and resins such as paraffinst camuba waxt ozekerite wax, candellila waxt urea-formaldehyde resins, and the like~ When such waxes and resins are used herein it is important that these materials are solids at ambient and skin temperatures.
WO ~6106595 PCT/US9.c110485 ~ 2l9847~
Among the preferred water-insoluble, ,,,i,_,u,,i~ecl particulate materials useful herein are the synthetic polymeric particles selected from the group consisting of poiybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, and mixtures thereof.
Most preferred are polyethylene and polypropylene Illi.,lulli,cd particles, with the oxidized versions of these materials being especially preferred.
Examples of cu,l""u,-;ially available particles useful herein include the ACumistTM ~ ul li~ed polyethylene waxes available from Allied Signal (Morristown, NJ) available as the A, B, C, and D series in a variety of average particle sizes ranging from 5 microns to 60 microns. Preferred are the ACumistTM A-25, A-30, and A-45 oxidized polyethylene particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25, 30, and 45 microns, respectively. Examples of co"lll~uluia"y available polypropylene particles include the Propyltex series available from Micro Powders (Dartek).
SURFACTANTS
The r~ JoCll;ulls of the present invention comprise from about 0.05% to about 40~/O, preferabiy from about 0.10% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.5~fO to about 15~/O, and most preferably from about 1% to about 10~/O of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, c,,, ,~,hul~:l ic surfactants, z~ rionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. In further t:lllbodilll~n~a, v,lherein the co,,,,uusitiuns of the present invention are in the form of soap bars, it is found to be highly advantageous to utilize higher levels of surfactants, i.e from about 5û% to about 900/o, Suitable surfactants for use in the co",l osiliùns of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Deteraents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Crl~Ju,uliu,,, U.S. Patent No.
5,151,210, to Steuri et al., issued September 29, 1992; U.S. Patent No.
5,151,209, to McCall et al., issued September 29, 1992; U.S. Patent No.
30 5,120,532, to Wells et al., issued June 9, 1992; U.S. Patent No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et al., issued April 30, 1991; U.S. Patent No. 4,788,006, to Bolich, Jr. et al., issued November 29, 1988; U.S. Patent No. 4,741,855, to Grote et al, issued May 3, 1988; U.S. Patent No. 4,704,272, to Oh et al, issued November 3, 1987;
U.S. Patent No. 4,557, 853, to Collins, issued December 10, 1985; U.S. Patent 35 No. 4,421,769, to Dixon et ai., issued December 20, 1983; and U.S. Patent No.
WO 96/06~C9a PcTlT-Ts9sllo-l8a .
8 21 9~475 3,75~,560, to Dickert et al.. issued August 28, 1973; each of these documents being i"~_~, ,uu, cIad herein by reference in its entirety. It is to be understood that even though the term surfactant is used herein in this section to describe thesematerials, that the term is not meant to exclude materials whiçh also have s emulsification properties, as it is well known to one skilled in the art that a surFactant can also have ernlllcifir.~tion properties and vice versa.
Among the nonionic surFactants that are usefu! herein are those that can be broadly defined as .,." Id~ dIion products of long chain alcohols, e.s. C8-30alcohols, with sugar or starch polymers, i.e., 5j,y~,uai~l~5. These compounds can be ~ ted by the formula ~S)n-O-R wherein S is a sugar moiety such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose; n is an integer of from about 1 to about 1000, and R is a C3-3Q alkyl group. Exampies of long chain alcohols frDm which the alkyl group can be derived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like. Preferred 15 examples of these surfactants include those wherein S is a glucose moiety, R is a C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an inte3er of from about 1 to about 9.
Cu{l~ ,..,.'y available examples of these surfactants indude decyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) and lauryl polyglucoside (available as APG 600CS and 625 CS from Henkel).
Other useful nonionic surfactants include the c ~ lwlac~lion products of alkylene oxides with fatty acids ~i.e. alkylene oxide estars of fatty acids). These materiais have the general formula RCO(X)nOH wherem R is a C10-30 alkyl group, X is -OGH2CH2- (i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- (i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionic surfactants are the cond~.la;ilion products of alkylene oxides with 2 moles of fatty acids (i.e. alkylene oxide diesters of fatty acids~. These materials have the general formula RCO(XjnOOCR wherein R is a C10-3Q alkyl group, X is -OCH2CH2-~i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide~ or -OCH2CHCH3-~i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide~, and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionic surfactants are the ~nde,-~c,lion prDducts of alkylene oxides with Fatty alcohols (i.e. alkylene oxide ethers of Fatty alcohols). These materials have the generalformula R(X~nOR' wherein R is a C10-30 alkyl group, X is -OCH2CH2~i.e.
derived From ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- ~i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100 and R' WO 96106595 PCr/llS~5/10.~85 : 9 21 ~73 is H or a C10-30 alkyi group. Still other nonionic surfactants are the ~ condu~ liun products of aikylene oxides with both fatty acids and fatty alcohols li.e. wherein the polyalkylene oxide portion is esterified on one end with a fatty acid and etherified ~i.e. connected via an ether linkage) on the other end with a 5 fatty alcohol]. These materials have the general formula RCO(X)nOR' wherein R and R' are C10-30 alkyl groups, X is -OCH2CH2 (i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- (derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. N~ lilillg examples of these alkylene oxide derived nonionic surfactants include ceteth-1, ceteth-2, ceteth~,o ceteth-10, ceteth-12, ceteraeth-2, ceteareth~, ceteareth-10, ceteareth-12, steareth-1, steareth-2, stearteth~, steareth-10, steareth-12, PEG-2 stearate, PEG~ stearate, PEG~ stearate, PEG-10 stearate, PEG-12 stearate, PEG-20 glyceryl stearate, PEG-80 glyceryl tallowate, PPG-10 glyceryl stearate, PEG-30 glyceryl cocoate, PEG~0 glyceryl cocoate, PEG-200 glyceryl tallowate, PEG-8 15 dilaurate, PEG-10 distearate, and mixtures thereof.
Still other useful nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants co" ~.,,u,, ii, ~si to the structural forrnula:
O Rl Il I
wherein: R1 is H, C1-C4 alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy- propyl, preferably C1-C4 alkyl, more preferably methyl or ethyl, most preferably methyl; R2 is C5-C31 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C7-C19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferabiy Cg-C17 aikyl or alkenyl, most preferably C1~-C~5 alkyl or alkenyl; and Z is a 25 polhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with a least 3hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Z preferably is a sugar moietyselected from the group consisitng of glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, gaiactose, mannose, xylose, and mixtures thereof. An especially preferred 30 surfactant cu" e~ ù"di"g to the above structure is coconut alkyl N-methyl glucoside amide (i.e., wherein the R2CO- moiety is derived from coconut oil fatty acids~. Processes for making ~,u~ Ositi~nS containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed, for example, in G.B. Patent Spe~ ;rk~ " 809,060, published February 18, 1959, by Thomas Hedley & Co., Ltd.; U.S. Patent No.
.. .......
WO 96/lK5~)5 PCT/ I,IS9!U I O IS5 2,965,576, to E.R. Wilson, issued December 20, 1960; U.S. Patent No.
2,703,798, to A.M. Schwartz, issued March 8, 1985; and U.S. Patsnt No.
1,985,424, to Pig~ott, issued December 25, 1934; which are ;nuul,uolcl[ed hereinby reference in their entirety.
A wide v2riety of anionic surfactants are useful herein. See, e.g., U~S.
Patent No. 3,929,678, to Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975, which is i~uul~uldled herein by reference in its entirety. Nol.' .. " ,9 examples of anionic surfactants include the alkoyl i ,t~ iOI ,c,Lc~, and the alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates.
The alkoyl istllliDI ,dt~s typically have the formula RCO-OCH2CH2SO3M
10 wherein R is alkyl or alkenyi of from about 10 to about 3û carbon atoms, and M
is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sod;um, potassium and tri~ll,d-,ok"";"e. Nonlimiting examples of these is~U,iulldles include those alkoyl is~U,iollcl~ selected From the group consisting of ammonium cocoyl istU liUI ,~le, sodium cocoyl isell ,i~" ,cl~, sodium lauroyl is~ iOI ,cle, sodium 15 stearoyl is~:: ,iù, Idl~:, and mixtures thereof. Preferred for used herein are ammonium cocoyl i~, hior,.Jt,_, sodium cocoyl isell liUI Idte, and mixtures thereof.
The alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates typicdlly have the respective formulae ROSO3M and RO~C2H4O)XSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl oF from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, x is from about 1 to about 10, and M is a 20 water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium and llitUIdl~uldlllille. Another suitable class of anionic surfactants are the water--soluble salts of the organict sutfuric acid reactton products of the ~eneral formula:
Rt-S03-M
25 wherein R1 is chosen from the group consisting of 2 straight or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydJ UUdl Lul ~ radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about 12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation. Still other anionic synthetic surfactants include ths class dtsiu~dl~d 2s sllcCilldlllc~lt~
olefin sulfonates having about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, and b-alkyloxy 3u alkane sulfonates. Especially preferred sulfates for use herein include sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate.
Other anianic materials useful herein are soaps (i.e. alkali metal salts, e.g., sodium or potassium salts) of fatty acids, typically having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms.
35 The fatty acids used in making the soaps can be obtained from natrual souroes WO 961065~5 PCTlUS~5/1048:i ~ 11 2~8~7~
such as, for instance, plant or animal-derived glycerides (e.g., palm oii, coconut oil, soybean oil, castor oil, tallow, lard, etc.) The fatty acids can also be synthetically prepared. Soaps are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No.
Therefore, it is seen that conventional surfactant based cleansers, emollient and solvent cleansers, and cleansers utllizina abrasive particles all o suffer from .liaadvd, ILd~s. Clearly, a need exists to develop personal cleansing cu,,,posiliùns which provide effective skin cleansing benefits without the disadvantages of harsh surfactants, heavy emollients and soivents, and overly abrasive particies.
It has been surprisingly found in the present invention that highly efficacious cleansing uulll,uOailiurl~ can be prepared vhich utilize certain small diameter ~ Ulli~ d particles to achieve improved cleansing efficacy. In these uo",,uùsilions the particles are of such a size as to be below the tactile perception threshold of the user ~i.e. the particles cannot be felt during the cleansing process). Without being limited by theory, it is believed that these 2(3 smali particles are still large enough to physically boost the cleansing power of mild suffadant or emollient and solvent systems by lifting away dirt, oil, and other debris. It has been found herein that particles having a mean particle size diameter from about 1 micron to about 75 microns are most useful for this purpose and permit the formulaUon of non-abrasive, non-irritaina cleansing products, which are ideal for daiJy use. It has also been found that particular attention must be given to ensuring that the particJes employed do not have a significant pe:l ~"lago of particles above about 75 microns.
It is therefore an objed of the present invention to provide personal cleansing culll~uwilions useful for cleansing the skin and hair.
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing cull,~ o~iliuns utilizing Illiulvlli~ud particles such that the coi",uosilions have good cleansing ability without irritating or abrading the skin.
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing cull,,uu,iliulls utilizing l~liUlUlli ed particles In co",i,i"c,lh~ll with mild surfactant systems.
-W09611K~gS 2 1 9~4 75 PCT~IS~5/1048S
It is another object of the present invention to provide personal cleansing uo~,uùsiliùns utilizing ",i~lulli~td particles in culllbilldliùll with mild surfactant systems and emollients and solvents.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for cleansing the skin or hair.
These and other objects of this invention will become apparent in light of the following disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nonabrasive personal cleansing CUlllU05iliUI) UUlllpliaill~.
(a) from about 0.1C/o to about 20C/o of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from about 1 miaon to about 75 microns, with greater thanabout 95% of said particles in said CUIIIIJU~ 1 having a diameter less than about 75 microns, (b) from about 0.05~h to about 40~h of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, alll,uhult~l ic surfactants, zwitluricinic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0~fO to about 50% of an emollient, and (d) from about 20~h to about 99.85Ch water.
All p~,c ~,lages and ratios used herein are by weight of the total ~.ulllpoailicJl) and all measurements made are at 25 C, unless otherwise desiy~lalrd. All weight pu",d"lages, unless otherwise indicated, are on an actives weight basis. The invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist e~e-" '1~ of, the essential as well as optional i"yludie"ls and cu,,,,uul~ t~
described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The personal cleansing COIIIIIOC;I;OII~ of the present invention are highly effir~ririr,l ~c for cleansing the skin or hair withouth being irritating or abrasive or leaving the skin feeling greasy or coated. These cleansers can be prepared in a wide variety of forms including liquids, emulsions, cold creams, gels, bars, andthe like, and can also be delivered from bottles, tubes, pumps, squeeze foamers,and aerosol ~c" lidil ,e, s as foams, mousses, and lathers.
The term '',.,i~,,uni,,cd'', as used herein, means that the particles have a mean particle size diameter within about two orders of magnitude of a micron. In ~'0 g61065~; PCI-lUS~/1048~i 4 21 9$4~
other words, the term as used herein, means that the particles can be defined inmicron units without having to resort to unduly large or small ~one:l llidl values.
The term ''llulldu~ 'G'', as used herein, means that the c~ll.luua;~ions of the present invention do not have an abrasiv0 or scratchy feel that is perceptible 5 to the user.
The term "topical ~ dliull'', as used herein, means to apply or spread the cu" I,uosiliùns of the present invention to the surface of the skin or scalp and hair.
The term '',.~ ,,,,aceutically-ac-,epL~ule'', as used herein, means that the S c~lllpOailiulla or oulll,uOl)~ a thereof so described are suitabie for use in contact with human tissue without undue to~(icity, in~,o"i, ' ' y, instability, allersicresponse~ and the like.
INSOLUBLE MICRONIZED PARTICLES
Jhe cui.,,,~osiliul1s of the present invention comprise from about 0.1~o to 15 about 20~,G, more preferably from about û.~C/o to about 1 S~/c, and most preferably from about 2.5% to about 10~,6 of insoluble miwullkl:-l particles, based on the weight of the total cu,,,~,oailiùn.
The term "insoluble", as used herein, means that the particles are essentially insoluble in the cw,,,uo:,iliùns of the present invention. In particular, 20 the insoluble partides should have a solubility less than about 1 gram per 100 grams of ~,v~ ,or,iliun at 25-C, preferably less than about 0.5 grams per 100 grams of culll,uusiliull at 25-C, and more preferably less than about 0.1 srams per 100 grams of c~l, I,vua;liul I at 25-C.
These ",;~"ked particles have a mean particle size diameter and particle 25 ske distribution such that they are below the tactile perception threshold of most users, and yet are not so small as to be ineffective for aiding in oil, dirt, and debris (e.g., make-up) removal. It is found herein that particles having a mean particle size diameter greater than about 75 microns are tactilely perceived during the cleansing process and it is important to minimize the amount of these30 larger particles in the co~ Jositi~ns. Conversely, it is found that particles having a mean particle size diameter of less than about 1 to about 5 miuons are generally less effective for providing a cleansing benefit. Without beina limited by theory, it is believed that the insoluble cleansing particles should be of a size that is on the order of the thickness of the dirt, oil, or debris layer to be cleaned 35 away. This layer is believed to be on the order of a few microns in thickness in WO 9~,106aS9a PC'T/USgS1104gS
~ 21 ~475 most instances. Most conventional abrasive cleansers utilize particles typicallyhaving a particle size diameter in the 150-300 micron range, which is far largerthan necessary for effective cleansing. Consequently, such products have the disadvantage of having an abrasive feel without nec~ssd~ ily improving cleansingpe, ro""d"ce beyond that achieved in the present invention. It is therefore found in the present invention that the miululli~ed particles should have a mean particle size diameter from about 1 to about 75 microns, more preferably from about 15 to about 60 microns, and most preferably from about 20 to about 50 microns, so as to provide effective cleansing without being tactiiely pe, Luplible.
o Additionally, it is also ~ucou"i ed that mean particule size is not the only collsicie,dliu" that is important in detel",i"i"g the suitability of a particle for use herein. For example, even though a particle sample might have the "correct"
average particle size diameter, the particle distribution should be such as to have a minimum pe~l~llldge of the particles above the tactile threshold of above75 microns. Therefore, the insoluble Illiwulli~ed particles of the present invention also have a particle size distribution such that greater than about 95%
of the particles when formulated into the culll,uosiliu~s have a particle size less than about 75 microns, preferably greater than about 97.5~/0 of the particles have a particle size less than about 75 microns, more preferably greater than about 99% of the particles have a particle size less than about 75 microns, and most preferably greater than about 99.5~/0 of the particles have a particle size lessthan about 75 microns.
The particle size of the ~ uui~e i particles of the present invention can be measured using a variety of different techniques well-known to the formulation scientist of ordinary skill in the art, e.g. Iaser diffraction, Illi~,~u~,u,uy, filtration, sedi",e.,ldliun, etc. In the present invention, a preferred method of d._'~.l"i"i"g particie size is the laser diffraction technique using a cullllllulic;~ y available laser particle size analyzer. In the present invention the particle size measurements are d~t~l"~ d using a Munhall Particle Size Analyser, Model PSA-32 (available From Munhall Corp.). A variety of solvents of various viscosity and polarity can be used to disperse the particles in the samples to be analyzedfor size. Preferred solvents include water, hexanes, and iauplu~Jul1dl, with isou,u~ d,,ol being more preferred.
:
wo s~m6sss PCT.'~JS9~/10~8~i 6 2 i ~84;7~
Particles having a wide ran~e of shapes, surface ~,ha, c~l~, isLi~s, and hardness ~hdl du~ Lh,s can be utizlized herein provided the particle size requirements are met.
The water-insoluble, Illi.,lu~ d particles of the present invention can be s derived from a wide variety of materiais including those derived from inor3anic, organic, natural, and synthstic sources. Nonlimiting examples of these materialsinclude those selected From the group consisting of almond meal, alumina, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, apricot seed powder, ~ft~p~13j~, barley flour, bismuth ûxy hlul ide, boron nitride, caicium carbonate, calicum pho~,~h..ld, o calcium py~u~hu~yl)dle, calicum sul~ate, cellulose, chalk, chitin, clay, corn cob meal, corn cob powder, com flour, corn meal, corn starch, .f;dluilldceu.ls earth, dicalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, fullers earth, hydrated silica, hydroxyapatite, iron oxide, jojoba seed powder, kaoiin, loofah, ma~neisum trisilicate, mica, microcrystalline cellulose, ,,,u,-t,,,ui '' ~il, oat bran, oat flour, 15 oatmeal, peach pit powder, pecan shell powder, polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, :polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, poly.,ly,~,e, polyurethane, nylon, teflon (i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene), polyllalù~tsndlu-;l olefins, pumice rice bran, rye flour, sericite, silica, silk, sodium biUdlbUII_~, soidum silicoaluminatet soy flour synthetic hectorite, talc, tin oxide, titanium dioxide, tricalcium 20 pllu:"ul ,dla, walnut shell powder, wheat bran, wheat flour, wheat starch, zirconium silicate, and mixtures thereof. Also useful are ,.,i.,,u.,i~ad particles made from mixed polymers ~e.g., copolymers, terpolymers, etc.), such as polyethylene/polypropylene copclymer, polyethylenelpro- pylenelisobutylene copolymer, polyethylene/styrene copolymer, and the like. Typically, the 25 polymeric and mixad polymeric particles are treated via an oxidation process to destroy impurities and the like. The polymeric and mixed polymeric particles canalso optionally be u~u~ hed with a variety of common ~,~u~ hil~lJ agents, no, ' . ' ,~ examples of which include butadiene, divinyl benzene, methyleneLisd~ yl~mide, allyl ethers of suscroset allyl ethers of pentaerythritolt 3(J and mixtures thereof. Other examples of useful ~ u"i~ed particles include waxes and resins such as paraffinst camuba waxt ozekerite wax, candellila waxt urea-formaldehyde resins, and the like~ When such waxes and resins are used herein it is important that these materials are solids at ambient and skin temperatures.
WO ~6106595 PCT/US9.c110485 ~ 2l9847~
Among the preferred water-insoluble, ,,,i,_,u,,i~ecl particulate materials useful herein are the synthetic polymeric particles selected from the group consisting of poiybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, and mixtures thereof.
Most preferred are polyethylene and polypropylene Illi.,lulli,cd particles, with the oxidized versions of these materials being especially preferred.
Examples of cu,l""u,-;ially available particles useful herein include the ACumistTM ~ ul li~ed polyethylene waxes available from Allied Signal (Morristown, NJ) available as the A, B, C, and D series in a variety of average particle sizes ranging from 5 microns to 60 microns. Preferred are the ACumistTM A-25, A-30, and A-45 oxidized polyethylene particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25, 30, and 45 microns, respectively. Examples of co"lll~uluia"y available polypropylene particles include the Propyltex series available from Micro Powders (Dartek).
SURFACTANTS
The r~ JoCll;ulls of the present invention comprise from about 0.05% to about 40~/O, preferabiy from about 0.10% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.5~fO to about 15~/O, and most preferably from about 1% to about 10~/O of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, c,,, ,~,hul~:l ic surfactants, z~ rionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. In further t:lllbodilll~n~a, v,lherein the co,,,,uusitiuns of the present invention are in the form of soap bars, it is found to be highly advantageous to utilize higher levels of surfactants, i.e from about 5û% to about 900/o, Suitable surfactants for use in the co",l osiliùns of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Deteraents and Emulsifiers. North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Crl~Ju,uliu,,, U.S. Patent No.
5,151,210, to Steuri et al., issued September 29, 1992; U.S. Patent No.
5,151,209, to McCall et al., issued September 29, 1992; U.S. Patent No.
30 5,120,532, to Wells et al., issued June 9, 1992; U.S. Patent No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et al., issued April 30, 1991; U.S. Patent No. 4,788,006, to Bolich, Jr. et al., issued November 29, 1988; U.S. Patent No. 4,741,855, to Grote et al, issued May 3, 1988; U.S. Patent No. 4,704,272, to Oh et al, issued November 3, 1987;
U.S. Patent No. 4,557, 853, to Collins, issued December 10, 1985; U.S. Patent 35 No. 4,421,769, to Dixon et ai., issued December 20, 1983; and U.S. Patent No.
WO 96/06~C9a PcTlT-Ts9sllo-l8a .
8 21 9~475 3,75~,560, to Dickert et al.. issued August 28, 1973; each of these documents being i"~_~, ,uu, cIad herein by reference in its entirety. It is to be understood that even though the term surfactant is used herein in this section to describe thesematerials, that the term is not meant to exclude materials whiçh also have s emulsification properties, as it is well known to one skilled in the art that a surFactant can also have ernlllcifir.~tion properties and vice versa.
Among the nonionic surFactants that are usefu! herein are those that can be broadly defined as .,." Id~ dIion products of long chain alcohols, e.s. C8-30alcohols, with sugar or starch polymers, i.e., 5j,y~,uai~l~5. These compounds can be ~ ted by the formula ~S)n-O-R wherein S is a sugar moiety such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose; n is an integer of from about 1 to about 1000, and R is a C3-3Q alkyl group. Exampies of long chain alcohols frDm which the alkyl group can be derived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like. Preferred 15 examples of these surfactants include those wherein S is a glucose moiety, R is a C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an inte3er of from about 1 to about 9.
Cu{l~ ,..,.'y available examples of these surfactants indude decyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) and lauryl polyglucoside (available as APG 600CS and 625 CS from Henkel).
Other useful nonionic surfactants include the c ~ lwlac~lion products of alkylene oxides with fatty acids ~i.e. alkylene oxide estars of fatty acids). These materiais have the general formula RCO(X)nOH wherem R is a C10-30 alkyl group, X is -OGH2CH2- (i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- (i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionic surfactants are the cond~.la;ilion products of alkylene oxides with 2 moles of fatty acids (i.e. alkylene oxide diesters of fatty acids~. These materials have the general formula RCO(XjnOOCR wherein R is a C10-3Q alkyl group, X is -OCH2CH2-~i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide~ or -OCH2CHCH3-~i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide~, and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionic surfactants are the ~nde,-~c,lion prDducts of alkylene oxides with Fatty alcohols (i.e. alkylene oxide ethers of Fatty alcohols). These materials have the generalformula R(X~nOR' wherein R is a C10-30 alkyl group, X is -OCH2CH2~i.e.
derived From ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- ~i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100 and R' WO 96106595 PCr/llS~5/10.~85 : 9 21 ~73 is H or a C10-30 alkyi group. Still other nonionic surfactants are the ~ condu~ liun products of aikylene oxides with both fatty acids and fatty alcohols li.e. wherein the polyalkylene oxide portion is esterified on one end with a fatty acid and etherified ~i.e. connected via an ether linkage) on the other end with a 5 fatty alcohol]. These materials have the general formula RCO(X)nOR' wherein R and R' are C10-30 alkyl groups, X is -OCH2CH2 (i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or -OCH2CHCH3- (derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. N~ lilillg examples of these alkylene oxide derived nonionic surfactants include ceteth-1, ceteth-2, ceteth~,o ceteth-10, ceteth-12, ceteraeth-2, ceteareth~, ceteareth-10, ceteareth-12, steareth-1, steareth-2, stearteth~, steareth-10, steareth-12, PEG-2 stearate, PEG~ stearate, PEG~ stearate, PEG-10 stearate, PEG-12 stearate, PEG-20 glyceryl stearate, PEG-80 glyceryl tallowate, PPG-10 glyceryl stearate, PEG-30 glyceryl cocoate, PEG~0 glyceryl cocoate, PEG-200 glyceryl tallowate, PEG-8 15 dilaurate, PEG-10 distearate, and mixtures thereof.
Still other useful nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants co" ~.,,u,, ii, ~si to the structural forrnula:
O Rl Il I
wherein: R1 is H, C1-C4 alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy- propyl, preferably C1-C4 alkyl, more preferably methyl or ethyl, most preferably methyl; R2 is C5-C31 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C7-C19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferabiy Cg-C17 aikyl or alkenyl, most preferably C1~-C~5 alkyl or alkenyl; and Z is a 25 polhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with a least 3hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Z preferably is a sugar moietyselected from the group consisitng of glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, gaiactose, mannose, xylose, and mixtures thereof. An especially preferred 30 surfactant cu" e~ ù"di"g to the above structure is coconut alkyl N-methyl glucoside amide (i.e., wherein the R2CO- moiety is derived from coconut oil fatty acids~. Processes for making ~,u~ Ositi~nS containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed, for example, in G.B. Patent Spe~ ;rk~ " 809,060, published February 18, 1959, by Thomas Hedley & Co., Ltd.; U.S. Patent No.
.. .......
WO 96/lK5~)5 PCT/ I,IS9!U I O IS5 2,965,576, to E.R. Wilson, issued December 20, 1960; U.S. Patent No.
2,703,798, to A.M. Schwartz, issued March 8, 1985; and U.S. Patsnt No.
1,985,424, to Pig~ott, issued December 25, 1934; which are ;nuul,uolcl[ed hereinby reference in their entirety.
A wide v2riety of anionic surfactants are useful herein. See, e.g., U~S.
Patent No. 3,929,678, to Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975, which is i~uul~uldled herein by reference in its entirety. Nol.' .. " ,9 examples of anionic surfactants include the alkoyl i ,t~ iOI ,c,Lc~, and the alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates.
The alkoyl istllliDI ,dt~s typically have the formula RCO-OCH2CH2SO3M
10 wherein R is alkyl or alkenyi of from about 10 to about 3û carbon atoms, and M
is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sod;um, potassium and tri~ll,d-,ok"";"e. Nonlimiting examples of these is~U,iulldles include those alkoyl is~U,iollcl~ selected From the group consisting of ammonium cocoyl istU liUI ,~le, sodium cocoyl isell ,i~" ,cl~, sodium lauroyl is~ iOI ,cle, sodium 15 stearoyl is~:: ,iù, Idl~:, and mixtures thereof. Preferred for used herein are ammonium cocoyl i~, hior,.Jt,_, sodium cocoyl isell liUI Idte, and mixtures thereof.
The alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates typicdlly have the respective formulae ROSO3M and RO~C2H4O)XSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl oF from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, x is from about 1 to about 10, and M is a 20 water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium and llitUIdl~uldlllille. Another suitable class of anionic surfactants are the water--soluble salts of the organict sutfuric acid reactton products of the ~eneral formula:
Rt-S03-M
25 wherein R1 is chosen from the group consisting of 2 straight or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydJ UUdl Lul ~ radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about 12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation. Still other anionic synthetic surfactants include ths class dtsiu~dl~d 2s sllcCilldlllc~lt~
olefin sulfonates having about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, and b-alkyloxy 3u alkane sulfonates. Especially preferred sulfates for use herein include sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate.
Other anianic materials useful herein are soaps (i.e. alkali metal salts, e.g., sodium or potassium salts) of fatty acids, typically having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms.
35 The fatty acids used in making the soaps can be obtained from natrual souroes WO 961065~5 PCTlUS~5/1048:i ~ 11 2~8~7~
such as, for instance, plant or animal-derived glycerides (e.g., palm oii, coconut oil, soybean oil, castor oil, tallow, lard, etc.) The fatty acids can also be synthetically prepared. Soaps are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No.
4,557,853, cited above.
Nol " ,iii"g examples of cationic surfactants useful herein include cationic ammonium salts such as those having the formula:
Rl +
wherein R1~ is selected from an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R, R3, and R4 are i"d~pend~, Itly selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is an anion selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, pllOs~ , nitrate, sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl suifate, tosylate, lactate, citrate, glycolate, and mixtures thereof. Additionally, the alkyl groups can also contain ether linkages, or hydroxy or amino group substituents (e.g., the alkyl groups can contain polyethylene giycol and polypropylene glycol moieties).
More preferably, R1 is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R2 is selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; R3 and R are ind~p~ndelllly~ selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as described in the previous paragraph.
Most preferably, R1 is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R, R3, and R4 are selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as described previously.
~0 96/(~65~5 PCI'IlS95/1~1485 21 ~7S
Alternatively, other useful cationic surfactants include amino-amides, wherein in the above structure R is alternatively R5CO-(CH ) -, wherein R is an alkyl group having from at~out 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from about 2 to about 6, more preferably from about 2 to about 4, and 5 most preferably from about 2 to about 3. Nonlimiting examples of these cationic emulsifiers include ~tedld~llidu,ululJyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, ale,dldlllkiop-v~,yl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~l~dlclllk~u,ulu,uyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, ~ludldlllillu~upyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, ~lea,d",iduulupyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, o slea~d,,,idul~u~.yl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.
N..l.' "ili"~ examples of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of cetyl ammonium chloride, cetyl ammonium bromide, lauryl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium bromide, stearyl ammonium chloride, stearyl ammonium bromide, cetyl dimethyl ammonium chlsride, cetyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyi ammonium bromide, stearyl dimethyl ammonium chlo~ride, stearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stearyl trimethyl 20 ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide~ lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimefhyl cetyl ditallow dimethyl ammonium chioride, dicetyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl ammonium bromide, ditauryl ammonium chloride, dilauryl ammonium bromide, distearyl ammonium chloride, distearyl ammonium bromide, dicetyl methyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl methyl 25 ammonium bromide, dilauryl methyl ammonium chlorid0, dilauryl methyl ammonium bromide, distearyl methyl ammonium chioride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chlorid3, distearyl methyl ammonium bromide, and mixtures thereof.
AddiUonal quaternary ammonium salts include Uhose v.~herein the C12 to C22 alkyl caroon chain is derived from a tallow fatty acid or from a coconut fatty acid.
30 The term "tallow" refers to an alkyl group derived from tallow fatty acids (usually hydluuc:ndl~d tallowfatty acids), which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains in the C16 to C18 range. The term "coconut" refers to an alkyl group derived from a cocunt fatty acid, which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains !n the C12 toC14 range. Examples of quatemary ammonium salfs derived from thsse tallow 35 and cococut sources indude ditallow dimethyl ammonium chlroide, ditallow ~/'O ~6/06S~S PCTII~S9!;11018S
~ ~3 2 ~ ~84 7~
dimehtyl ammonium methyl sulfate, di(h~d, uuullclud tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di~hy-lruuurl_~d tallow~ dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropyl ammonium phosphate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate, di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl 5 ammonium bromide, tallow smmonium chloride, coconut ammonium chloride, SIUdldlllidOplO,Jyl PG-dimonium chloride phosuhsle, ~Lualdll,ido~u,u,uyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~lca~ cmidu~u, u~yl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, sl~aldllliclù~clu,uyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, :~ttldl dl I liduul u~uyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, :,led, dl I ~idOUI U,U jl dimethyl o ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.
More preferred cationic surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, sludld",idoplupyl PG-dimonium 5 chloride l-hosul,ale, slaalc"lido,u,u,uyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~l~clclllidvulupyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, :~16dl~111 ,idop, u,uyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, slealalIlivu,ulu,uyl dimetnyl ammonium chloride, s'~.dllliduplupyl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred cationic surfactants are those selected from 20 the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammoniun chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipaimityl dimethyl ammonium chioride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of alll~JI ,otel ic and z~ leriu"i~_ surfactants which can be used in 25 the culll~uo~ iuns of the present invention are those which are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphaticradical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms (preferably Cg -C1g) and one contains an anionic water sol~lb' ,9 group, e.g., carboxy, 30 sulfonate, sulfate, uhva~hcle, or l hv~,ullulldl~. Examples are alkyl imino acetates, and i,, ,inod;~ oct~s and ~ " ,uales of the formulas RN~CH2)mC02M]2 and RNH(CH2)mC02M wherein m is from 1 to 4, R is a Cg-C22 . alkyl or alkenyl, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal ammonium, or 'k ,ola"""u"ium. Also included are i,..:' ' ,ium and 35 ammonium derivates. Specific examples of suitable alll,uhv'~ surfactants WO 5~6/06~59~ pclllrs9~
21~475 include sodium 3-dodecyl-a",i"u~-,upio,~ , sodium 3-dodec~la,,,i,,u~,u~,~,,t, sulionate, N-alkyitaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecyiamine with sodium ia~U,iu"dle accordin3 to the teaching cf U.S. Patent 2,658,072 which is i~ ,uw.,t~d herein by refererlce in its entirety; N-higher alkyl aspartic 5 acids such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. Patent 2,438,091 which is illw~,uuldLed herein by reference in its entirety; and the products sold under the trade name ''Miranol" and described in U.S. Patent 2,528,378, which is i,,,,o,,uu(~tdd herein by reference in its entirety. Other examples of useful d",~hul~ a include UhOa~UIlalea~ such as cudlllidûl.lu,uy o PG-dimonium chloride pilO~,Ulldtl: (cul~ e~uialy available as Monaquat PTC, from Mona Corp.~.
Especially ~sseful herein as a~ llul~l ic or z~ ;tit:, io"ic surfactants are thebetaines. Examples of betaines include the higher alkyl betaines, such as coco dimethyl ca~Lo~yll~UIyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl ~Lo~;"~ttl,yl betaine, lauryl 15 dimethyl dl~-hal,dliJuxyuU,yl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available as Lonzaine 16SP from Lonza Corp.~, lauryl bis-(2-h~,.i,uxyt:U.;l~ carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-~2-hydroxypropyll cal iJoxy~ U ~yl betaine, oieyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, iauryl bis-(2-h~i,u,~yl.,uu~rl)alpha-~,uu,~y~:l,yl betaine, coco dimethyl sulfopropyl zo betainrl, stearyl dimethyl s~ ~f~, u~,yl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, and ~ lulJ~t~ s and amirl~s~ . (wherein the RCONH(CH2~3 radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine), oleyl betaine (available as all,~hut~lic VelvetexOLB-50 from l lenkel), and ccualllidO,u~u,uyl betaine tavailable as Velvetex BK-35 25 and BA-35 from Henkel3.
Other high!y useful ~,.,,uhù~eriu and zwi;;_.iull;c surfactants include the sultaines and hydrox,vsultaines such as ~ id~ U~Uyl hydroxysultaine [available as Mlrataine CBS from Rhone-Pouienc), and the aikanoyl sdl.,uai,,c,~ cullt:a~Jùlldilly to the formula RCON(CH3)CH2CH2C02M wherein 30 R is alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a water-solubie cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium and t~ 'h ,old",ine (e.g., tli~UIc.llùldl~line~, a preferred example of which is sodium iauroyl 5dl l,USil Among the surfactants described above, preferred for use herein are those 35 selected from tl~e group consisting of sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium lauryl WO !,~;/06595 PCTIU'3~5~ 18~
2 1 98~7~
sulfate, sodium lauryl sdluosi,ldle, sodium cocoyl is~Lhiolldle, CCdllli iu~JIupyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, cetyl dimethyl betaine, ammonium lauryi sulfate, sodium tallow soap, sodium coconut soap, ceteth-10, steareth-21, steareth-2, ceteth-2, glyceryl stearate, glucose amides, dilauryl dimethyl ammoniun 5 chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
EMOLLIENTS
The uul~lpOaiLiOlls of the present invention comprise from û~h to about 50%, preferably from about 0.1 C/o to about 200/G, and most preferably from about 10 0,5% to about 10~~0 of an emollient. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that these emollient materials provide a cleansing benefit by acting asa solvent to help dissolve oils and other oily debris during the cleansing process. The term emollient, as used herein is intended to include conventional lipid materials (e.g., fats, waxes, and other water insoluble materials), polar 15 lipids (e.g., lipid materials which have been h~dru,~l,yli~,a:!y modified to render them more water soluble), silicones, h~Ji UI~dl iJon5, and a wide variety of solvent materials.
A wide variety of emollient materials are suitable for use in the co,,,,uusiliu,ls of the present invention. Examplas of conventional emollients 20 include C8-30 alkyl esters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; C1-6 diol Illolloe~L~:la and diesters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; monoglycerides, diy'ycericl~:" and triglycerides of C8-30 carboxylic acids, .,I,oleaLu,ul esters of C8-30 carboxylic acids, .,hule~l~lul, and hydlucdli,u"a. Exampies of these materials include diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl 25 palmitate, isodecyl neou~dllldnodL~l C12-15 alcohols benzoate, diethylhexyl maleate, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-2 myristyl ether p,upiu"~,tu, cetyl ricinoleate, ~,i,ole~te,ul stearate, ~wle~L~:,ol isosterate, ulloleaLulul acetate, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, lanolin, lanolin esters, mineral oil, petrolatum, and straight and branched h~dlu~dliJul-s having from about 16 to about 30 carbon atoms.
30 Also useful are straight and branched chain alcohols having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms",u, " llilillg examples of which include stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Examples of other suitable materials are disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
4,919,934, to Deckner et al., issued April 24, 1990; which is iln,ul~JuldLed herein 35 by reference in its entirety.
WO 1)6/06595 PCTI~rS~5/104NS
2 1 q~
Also useful as emollients are material such dS alkoxylated ethers and diethers. The alkoxylated ethers useful herein can be described by the followinggeneral formula:
R - CH - CH2 - O(CHCH2O) nH
OE~ m R' wherein R is selected from the group consisting o~ H and C1-C30 straight chain o or branched chain alkyl~ m is an integer from û to about 6, R~is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl, and n is an integer from about 3 to about 30~
Preferably R is selected from the group consisting of C2-CZ5 straight chain or branched alkyl, m is an integer from 0 to about 2, R' is methyl~ and n is an integer from about 5 to about 25. More preferabiy R is selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 straight chain or branched chain alkyl~ m is an integer from 0 to about 1~ R' is methyi~ snd n is an integer from about 10 to about 20.
illy examples of " :yldl~d ethers useful herein include PPG-10 butyl ether, PPG-f1 butyl ether, PPG-12 butyl ether, PPG-13 butyl ether, PPG-20 14 butyl ether, PPG-15 butyl ether, PPG-16 butyl ether, PPG-17 butyl ether, PPG-18 butyl ether, PPG-19 butyl ether, PPG-20 butyl ether, PPG-2Z butyl ether, PPG-24 butyl ether, PPG-30 butyl ether, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, PPG-10 oleyl ether, PPG-7 lauryl ether, PPG-30 isocetyl ether, PPG-10 glyceryl ether, PPG-15 glyceryl ether, PPG-10 butyleneglycol ether, PPG-15 butylene glycol ether, PPG-27 glyceryl ether, PPG-30 cetyl ether, PPG-28 cetyl ether, PPG-10 cetyl ether, PPG-10 hexylene glycol ether, PPG-15 hexyler.e glycol ether, PPG-10 1,2,6-he,~a"~t,iol ether, PPG-15 1,2,6-h~ dl,ulliul ether, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are PPG-14 butyl ether (available asFluid AP from Union Carbid Corp.) and PPG-15 stearyl ether ~available under 30 the lldde~ lle Arlamol E from ICI Americas Cul~uudliù~
Also useful herein are c" yl~.t~,d diethers. These compounds can be uSe:l ~lt:d by the general formula:
wo 96106s9~ PCrrU~(1511~48~
.
2198~75 H(OCH2CH)qO-- CH2-- ~cH2]p -- C~i2 --O(CHCH20)rH
R" R"
wherein each R" is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl, p is 5 an integer from about 1 to about 6, and each q and r are i,ldepe"d~"lly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 3 to about 30. Preferably R" is methyl, p is an integer from about 2 to about 4, and each q and r are illdt:,ut:l~delllly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 5 to about 25. More preferably R" is methyl, p is an integer from 2 to about 4, and each q and r are10 i"dep~nde"lly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 10 to about 20.
No, ' "it",g examples of alkoxylated diethers useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-14 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-2 butanediol diether, PPG-10 1,6-hexdne-liul diether, PPG-12 1,6-he,~dnediol diether, PPG-14 h~:Aa"ediol diether, PPG-20 he,~ane.liol diether, and mixtures thereof. Preferred are those selected from the group consisting of PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-10 1,6-hexandiol diether, and PPG-12 h~,~a"ediul diether, and mixtures thereof. More preferred is PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether. This compound is ,_u"""e,cidlly available under the 20 I.~de,)d",e Macol 57 from PPG/Mazer Corporation.
Also useful as emollients are the so-called "polar lipids" which contain hydrophilic moieties such as hydroxy sroups carbonyl groups and ether linkages. Pr4ferred classes of these polar lipids include C10-20 alcohol Illolloso,bildn esters, C10-20 alcohol sorbitan diesters, C10-20 alcohol sorbitan 25 triesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose ,,,u,,oe~le~, C10-20 alcohol sucrose diesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose triesters, and C10-20 fatty alcohol esters of C2-C6 2-hydroxy acids. NJM' llitill9 examples of these polar lipids are sorbitan d;.~o~l~d, a(~, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan isoaolc~dl _le,sorbitan laurate, sorbitan oleate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan ses~ okP~P, 30 sorbitan sesq~ te~rte, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan Idiu~l~dl ltl, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristeate, sucrose cocoate, sucrodilaurate, sucrose distearate, sucroselaurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose oleate, sucrose palmitate, sucrose ricinoleate, sucrose stearate, sucrose l~iuehendl~, sucrose tristearate, myristyl lactate, stearyl lactate, isostearyl lactate, cetyl lactate, palmityl lactate, cocoyl 3~ lactate, and mixtures thereof. Other polar lipids are the C10-20 alkyl pidolates WO 9611i659~ PCTIUS9~/10 185 .
18 21 ~8475 (i.e. pyrrolidone l,alLw~yld[e esters, exsmples of which are myristyl pidolate, cetyl pidolate, lauryl pidolate, and stearyl pidolate) Yet other polar lipids are alkyl C1-3 esters of panthenol such as panthenyl triacetate (which is the triacetyl ester cf panthenol). Especiaily preferred amon~ the polar lipids are isostearyl 5 lactate (available as Pationic IL, from RITA Corp), sorbitan laurate (available as Arlacel 20 from ICI Americas), lauryl pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (available as lauryl pidolate from UCIB Corp.), panthenyl triacetate (available as D-panthenyltriacetate from Induchem), and mixtures thereof.
Also useful are silicones including nonvolatile silicones such as o dillleLlliw~le copolyol; dimethylpoiysiloxane, d;~ yl~JOly ' ,e; high molecular weight di,nell,icu.,e (average motecular weight from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000 and, preferably, from about 300,000 to about 600,000) which can have various end-le""i"ali"g groups such as hydroxyl, lower C~-C3 alkyl, lower C1-C3 alkoxy and the like; mixed C1-C3 alkyl polysiloxane (e.g., 15 methyleU~ uOI~ u~dne); phenyl ti,l,elf,i~"e and other aryl di",~,:l,ico~,es;
dilllelhiwl lol; flUu~l "' lê5, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred among the nonvolatile silicones are those selected from the group consisting of dillletllicul~e copolyol, di."~ll,yl~,olysiloxane, diethylpolysiloxane, high molecular weight di"~ell~iu~"~e, mixed C1-C30 alkyl 20 polysiloxane, phenyl dillleLhiwlle, dillleDIicollol, and mixtures thereof. More preferred are non-volatile silicones selected from ~ eU,icc".e, .Ji,l,tlhicol,ol, mixed C1-C30 alkyl pol~silo,~c,,e, and mixtures thereof. Especially preferred isdi~ellliwllol which is a dimethyt silicone polyrner le~ d with hydroxyl groups. Di~lleU~iw-~ul is available as Q2-1401 Fluid, a solution of 13 percent 25 ultra-hlgh-viscosity ti~ ;li..u~ linvolatile~.3~.1~,,,t:U,icwnefluidasacarrier,as Q2-1403 Fluid, a solution of ultra-high-viscosity di~eU~i~,u~ol fluid in dillleUIiwlld (both sold by Dow Corning Corpor2tion3; and as other custom blends le g 10Ch di~ UIicunûl in dilllel;lil-ulle). Nu, ' " ,9 examples of silicones useful herein are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et30 al., issued April 3Q, 1991, which has already been i~,O~f~Oaled by reference.Among the emollients preferred are those selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum" liolè~Le~u!~ leUIicone, di~lleUliconol~
stearyl alcohol, eetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate~ cetyl ricinoleate, sorbitan distearte, sorbitan 35 dilaurate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan laurate, sucrose laurate, suuose dilaurste, Wo 96/06595 PCTI~lS95/lû485 .
,9 2 1984 sodium isostearyl lactylate, lauryl pidolate, sorbitan stearate, stearyl acohol,cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol,PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
Water The cc""posilions of the present invention comprise from about 20% to about 99.85~/c, more preferably from about 50~/0 to about 95~/0, and most preferably from about 70% to about 90~/0 of water. In further c~llluo-lilllellLawherein the cull,,uoailio"s of the present invention are in the form of soap bars, lower levels of water are preferred, i.e. from about 5~/0 to about 20%.
Additional Co~ u, ,~, lla The ~,ulll~.u~ilio,,s of the present invention can comprise a wide range of additional cu,,,ponenla. The CTFA Cosmetic Inqredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, which is i"uu, i~~l dlud by reference herein in its entirety, describes a wide variety of nul " ~ l9 cosmetic and pharamceutical inu,~diu~ commonly used in the skin care industry, which are suitable for use in the com,uosiliona of the present invention. Nonlimiting examples of functional classes of i"u, edi~"l;, are described at page 537 of this reference. Examples of these functional classes include: dbaO~ llb, anti-acne agents, anticaking agents, dlllirvdlllillgagents, dlltillli~-lbicl agents, dllliw~idalll~, binders, biological additives, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants~ cosmetic daLI il Iyel lla, cosmetic biocides, denaturants, drug aal, i"g~, Ib, extemal dnalueai~a~ film formers, fragrance culll~ollt:llla, humectants, opacifying agents, pH adjusters, p,uaer~/ativc3, ,ulupelldllLa, reducing agents, skin bleaching agents, skin~u"diliu"i"g agents ~humectants""ia~,ellaneous, and occulsive), sunscreen agents, and ultraviolet light absorbers. Examples of other functional classes ofmaterials useful herien that are well known to one of ordinary skill in the art include emulsifiers, sol~ ~' " ,9 agents, sequestrants, keratolytics, retinoids, and the like.
No, " "ili"g examples of these additional ~,OIllpullellL5 cited in the CTFA
Cosmetic Inoredient Handbook, as well as other materials useful herein, include the following: vitamins and derivatives thereof (e.g toLu,ullelul, tu~ophe~ol acetate, retinoic acid, retinol, retinoids, and the like); su"~ er,i"g agents; anti-oxidants; anti-microbial agents; ~ au~vdti;cs; thickeners (e.g. .,luaslillk.,d aaylicacidhrJlll?ol~m~lasuchasthecarbomerseriesandtheacrylateslc1o-3o 3~ alkyl acrylate crosspolymers available as the Pemulen serieâ from B.F.
WO 91ilOh5~5 PCTlllS9~illQ~85 2~98475 Goodrich, nonionic polyacrylamide polymers such as the material given the CTFA .lusiy"aliul, polyacrylamide and isv,udldriill and laueth-7 available as Sepigel 305 from Seppic Corporation, Fairfield, NJ; and ~,lus~li"hed cationic polymers such as the material given the CTFA desi~l IdLion polyqauaternium 32 (and) mineral and sold as Salcare SC92 and the material given the CTFA
desi!J"aliorl polyguaternium 37 land~ mineral oil (and) PPG-1 tridecefh~ and sold as Salcare SC95, both by Allied Colloids, Norfolk, VA); gums (e.g~, xanthangum guar gum ~ellan gum an the like); emulsifiers; polyethylene~u,'yccls and poly", upyleneylyocls; polymers for aiding the film-forming properties and 10 substantivity of the cc""uu:,iliu" (such as a copolymer of eicosene and vinyl~y~ e, an example of which is available from ~ihF Chemical Corporation as Ganex~9 V-220);~preserYatiVeS for ll~cliulail~iug the c~ llliLluuidl integrity of the Wll~,UO~iliùl)s~ anti-acne ",ediud".c:"l~ (e.g., resorcinol, sulfur, salicylic acidl erytl,,u,,,,~,i,,, zinc, benzoyl peroxide, and the like), skin bleaching (or lightening) 15 agents includin~ but not limited to hydroquinone, kojic acid; aulio~ida"l~, chelators and sequestrants; and aesthetic uull~uone~ such as rldulall~es, pigments, colorings, essential oils, skin sensates, aallil-ge"kt, skin soothing agents, skin healing agents and the like~ no~d " ,g examples of these aestheUc ~,U~,UUIIel~l t include panthenol and derivatives (e.g. ethyl panthenol), aloe vera, 20 ,Odl llUU It~ni-~ acid and its derivatives, clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyi lactate, witch hazel distillate, ailantoin, bisabolol, rlipct~sillrn giycyrrhizinate and the like; and skin cu".liiiu"i"~ agents such as urea and glycerol, and also the propoxylated glycerols described in U.S. Patent No.
4,976,953, to-Orr et al., issued December 11, 1990, which is iln,OI,uul~lad by reference herein in its entirety. Preferred levels of skin co. ,diliù. ,i"g agents such as glycerol, urea, and ~nupoxylatcd glycerols range from about 0.1% to about 10Yo.
In a preferred culll,uu~iLion of the present invention, the co",l.o:.iliuns comprise from about 0.1C/6 to about 1û% of a material selected from the group 30 consistina of salic~lic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, retinal, retinoic acid, azaleic acid, aioe verat panthenol, pa- -lull lenic acid, clove oil, menthoi, camphor, eucaiyptus oii, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate, allantoin, bisabolol, and mixtures thereof.
Methods For Personal Cleansino wo 96/06s9s PCT/VS951l0485 .
21 2 ~ 9 8 4 7 5 The cu~ Juailiulls of the present invention are useful for cleansing the ~ skin or hair. Typically, a suitable or effective amount of the cleansing Cull~uOaiLiull is applied to the skin or hair to be cleansed. Alternatively, a suitable amount of the cleansing cu~wos;lioll can be applied via illLt~llllc:diaLe 5 epr' ' 1 to a washcloth, a sponge, pad, cotton ball or other application device.
If desired the area to be cleansed can be p,~",oi_'~.ned with water. It has beenfound that the ~ull~posilions of the present invention can be combined with water during the cleansing process or used alone. The product can be removed after use either by risning the product with water, or simply wiping off the product with o a tissue, cotton ball, etc. Generally an effective amount of product to be used will depend upon the needs and usage habits of the individual. Because these cu""~osii;ùns are essentially non-abrasive, they can be used frequently such as on a daily basis or more than once a day for each cleansing, without undue irritation. Typical amounts 2f the present co~,uo2silio~s useful for cleansing 15 range from about 0.5 mglcm to about 25 mg/cm of skin surface area to be cleansed.
EXAMPLES
The following examples further describe and d~lllullallcllu u.lllJodil"e"ta within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the20 purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Il ~yl l:dk,ula are identified by chemical or CTFA name.
Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following i"y,~.lier,ts using conventional mixing techniques.
Inult:dielllta Wei~ht Percent Water QS 100 PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25 ~Iycerin 3.00 Stearyl Alcohol 2.88 Polyethylene Particles1 2.00 WO 'i6lo6s9~i PCT/11$95/lW85 .
Polyethylene Partic,es2 2.00 Salicylic Acid 2.00 Distearyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 1.50 Cetyl Alcohol 0.80 Urea 0 50 Steareth-21 0.50 Behenyi Alcohol 0.32 PPG-30 0.25 o Steareth-2 0.25 Fragrance 0.15 Polysa~, Idd de Gum 0.05 Disodium EDTA 0.01 15 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25 microns available as Acumist A-25 from Allied Signal Corp.
2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 miaons available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp. ~ u, li~àd In a suitable vessel the water glycerin pot~ sacul ,c" i.,e guml and disodium EDrA are mixed and heated to 75~0~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the PPG-14 butyl ether the PPG-30 and the salicylic acid are heated to 75-8û~C with stimng to form an oil phase. Next the stearyl cetyl and behenyl aolcohols are added to this oil phase while continuing to heat and stir. Next the 25 distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride the steareth-2 and steareth-21 are added to this oii phase while still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsr,'ied intc, the water-containing mixture using a hol, IO9al li il 19 mill The resulting emulsior, is cooled with stirring to 45~C and the urea and fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirrlng at which time 30 the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting o,eanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin.
vly~ the above ~ uosilion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with 35 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about WO g6/1)6595 PCr/llS95/104NS
.
23 21 q8475 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene. polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
-s EXAMPLE 2 Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following i"~ die, Ita usingconventional mixing techniques.
Il IUI ~dieMJ Weiaht Percent IU Water QS 100 Glycerin 3.00 Polyethylene Particles1 4.00 Glucose Amides 2.56 Sorbitan Stearate 2.00 Cetyl Alcohol 0 50 Fragrance 0.50 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 Polyquaternium-10 0.20 Potassium Hydroxide 0.20 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross Polymer 0.20 Methylparaben 0. 10 Stearic Acid 0.10 Propylparaben 0. 10 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable vessel the water, glycverin, glucose amides, polyquaternium-10, Ill~tl~ dldbell, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylates crosspolymer, and tetrasodium EDTA are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the sorbitan stearate, stearic acid, propylparaben, and cetyl alcohol areheated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. This oil phase is then 35 emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a h~ oy~ l lg mill. Next, WO 96/06S!~5 PCTII~S95/104X5 the potassium hydroxide is added to neutraiize the emulsion which is then cooled with stirring to 45~C, st which time ths phenoxyethanol and fragrance areadded. The emulsion is cooled to room tamperature with stirring at which time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useFul for cleansing the skin.
Alternatively, the above cu,..,uo~ilion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about10 7~ microns. selected from one or more oF the Following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nyion, and teflon.
15 Latherina Cleanser A lathering cleanser is prepared by combining the following ill,4~ Ib using conventional mixing techniaues.
1ll4~udit:,lb Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 ~o Polyethylene Beads1 4.00 Glycerln 3.00 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 3.00 Sodium Cocoyl Ist,U ,iu, lab 2.00 Co~ uu~yl 9etaine 2.00 Polyquaternium-10 0.50 Sodium Laureth Sulfate 0.40 P~,e,lo.~,.. lallùl 0.40 M~ .ldl diJ~I) 0.10 Propylparaben 0.10 Disodium EDTA 0.10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, availabie as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.
WO 96106595 PCTI[IS9511~48~
.
25 2 1 9~4 7 In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, polyquaternium-10, disodium EDTA, and methylparaben are heated with stirring to 50~C. In a separate vessel the sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl i~eti,iu"cl~, COudt~iCiO,ol u~yl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, and propyl paraben are heated with stirring to 50~C and mixed with the water phase i"yl ~Jienl~. The mixture is cooled to 45~C and the phl:"o~yethanol is mixed in. The mixture is then cooled to room lu",~.e, ' ~re with mixing at which time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting lathering cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is usefui for cleansing the skin. This lathering cleanser can also be deliverd from a non-o aerosol pump or squeeze foaming device to deliver a lathering foam.
Alternatively, the above uolllpo~iLiû,, is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following il ~u~ u iiu, IL~ using conventional mixing techniques.
Il ,u, ~Jie. ILs Weiqht Percent Water QS 1 ûO
Cetyl Dimethyl Betaine 2.00 Sodium Alkyl Sulfate 1.ûO
PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25 Glycerin 3.ûû
Stearyl Alcohol 2.88 Polyethylene Particles1 2.00 Polyethylene Partici0s2 2.00 ,, Salicylic Acid 2.00 Distearyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 1.50 Cetyl Alcohol 0.80 Urea 0.50 WO 96~06~ PCI'IU595111~485 27~8475 Steareth-21 0 50 Behenyl Alcohol 0.32 PPG-30 0.2~
Steareth-2 0.25 Fragrance 0.15 Poly~d~l ,c" ide Gum 0.05 Disodium EDTA 0.01 ' Gxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 2 o microns, available as Acumist A-25 from Allied Signal Corp.
2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particies having a mean particle size diameler of 45 microns, available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable Yessel the water, glycerin, and disodium EDTA are mixed 15 and heated to 75-~80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel ths PPG-14 butyl ether, the salicylic acid, and the PPG-30 are heated to 7~80~C with stirring to form an oil phase Next the stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the behenyl alcohol are added to this oil phase while continuing to heat with stirring. Nextthe distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride~ the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are 20 added to the oil phase while still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a ho",oy~. ,ki"g mill. The resulting emulsion is cooled with stirring to 45~C and the urea and fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at which time the sodium alkyl sulfate and the cetyl dimethyl betaine ae mixed in, foliowed by2S the poly~ " ,e particles.
The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin.
Altematively, the above ~,.",~,o~ilio.1 is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particlss of equivalent mean particle size or with 30 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polr",~ll,yL,l;rene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
WO !~6/06595 PCTIU595/10485 27 21 ~84~5 Emulsion Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients using conventional mixing techniques.
die~lIs Weiqht Percent Water QS 100 Glycerin 3.00 Polyethylene Particles1 4.00 PPG-14 Butyl Ether 7.00 Mineral Oil 1 .4Q
PPG-30 0.25 Stearyl Alcohol 1.80 Cetyl Alcohol 0.50 Behenyl Aicohol 0.20 Steareth-2 1.50 Steareth-21 0.50 Disodium EDTA 0.01 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 Methylparaben 0. 10 Propylparaben 0. 10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A-45 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin",.~I:,yll,c~beli, and disodium 25 EDTA are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the PPG-14 butyi ether, PPG-30, propylparaben, and mineral oil are heated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. Next the stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the behenyl alcohol zre added to this oil phase while continuing to heat with stirringr. Next the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are added to the oil phase while 30 still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a hu,"oy~ i"g mill. The mixture is cooled to 45~C
and the ~JI ,er,u,~y~,;. Idl 10l is mixed in. The resulting emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at which time the polyethylene particles are stirred in.
WO 96/0659:3 PCTIUS95/1114~5 21 ~475 The resultirig cleanser exhibits low skin zbrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleanse the skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.
Alternatively, the above culll,uosiliuli is prepared by replacing the 5 polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or withparticles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutyiene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poiyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
IU
E)(AMPLE 6 Non-Rinsina Cleansinq Milk A non-rinsing cleansing milk is prepared by cornbining the following il Iyl ~diel It:~ using cu, ,/~. Iti~ndl mixing techniques.
Illul~ Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 Mineral Oil 5.00 Polyethylene Beads1 4.00 Isopropyl Palmitate 3.00 CetearylAlcohol 2.00 PEG-10 Castor Oil 2.00 Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate 1.00 Glyceryl Stearate 0.25 Aulyld",ide/Sodium Acrylate 2s Copolymer2 0.25 Di",utl,icone ~ 0.20 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 I jl,Udl dbe.) 0.10 PlU,Ujl,Vdldl~ell 0.1O
1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25 microns, available as Awmist A-25 from Allied Sisnal Corp.
2Available as Hoe S 2793 from Hoechst Celanese.
WU 96106595 PCT/US95/104~5 .
29 21 98~75 In a suitable vessel the water, acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer, glyceryl stearate, sodium cetearyi sulfate, and methylparaben are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the mineral oil, isopropylpalmitate, cetearyl alcohol, PEG-10 castor oil, di",_Ll,icone, and propylparabenare heated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. This oil phase is thenemulsified into the water-containing mixture using a ho",oye"i~i"g mill. The mixture is cooled to 45~C with stirring and the phenoxyethanol is mixed in. The resulting emulsion is cooled to room temperature at which time the polyethylene particles are stirred in.
o The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleanse the skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.
Alternatively, the above cu",l.o~ition is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
E)CAMPLE 7 Bar SoaD
11 l-,l tsdic:l It;~ Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 Sodium Tallow Soap 47.00 Sodium Coconut Soap 31.0û
Coconut Fatty Acid 7.00 Fragrance 1.50 Sodium Chloride 1.10 Titanium Dioxide 0.25 Triul llu- U-,dl Udl 1 0.55 Polyethylene Particles 2.00 Using conventional bar soap making techniques, the above i. l~ di~"t:, are mixed together and extruded and cut into soap bars.
~ 9~ilO6~ Z19~475 PCrNSg.S/10~5 The resulting soap bars zxhibit low skin abrasion and are use~ul for cleansing the skin.
AlL~IndLiJely, the above ,_u,,,l,o~iLion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with 5 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene. polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
Nol " ,iii"g examples of cationic surfactants useful herein include cationic ammonium salts such as those having the formula:
Rl +
wherein R1~ is selected from an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R, R3, and R4 are i"d~pend~, Itly selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is an anion selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, pllOs~ , nitrate, sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl suifate, tosylate, lactate, citrate, glycolate, and mixtures thereof. Additionally, the alkyl groups can also contain ether linkages, or hydroxy or amino group substituents (e.g., the alkyl groups can contain polyethylene giycol and polypropylene glycol moieties).
More preferably, R1 is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R2 is selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; R3 and R are ind~p~ndelllly~ selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as described in the previous paragraph.
Most preferably, R1 is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R, R3, and R4 are selected from H or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as described previously.
~0 96/(~65~5 PCI'IlS95/1~1485 21 ~7S
Alternatively, other useful cationic surfactants include amino-amides, wherein in the above structure R is alternatively R5CO-(CH ) -, wherein R is an alkyl group having from at~out 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from about 2 to about 6, more preferably from about 2 to about 4, and 5 most preferably from about 2 to about 3. Nonlimiting examples of these cationic emulsifiers include ~tedld~llidu,ululJyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, ale,dldlllkiop-v~,yl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~l~dlclllk~u,ulu,uyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, ~ludldlllillu~upyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, ~lea,d",iduulupyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, o slea~d,,,idul~u~.yl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.
N..l.' "ili"~ examples of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants include those selected from the group consisting of cetyl ammonium chloride, cetyl ammonium bromide, lauryl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium bromide, stearyl ammonium chloride, stearyl ammonium bromide, cetyl dimethyl ammonium chlsride, cetyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyi ammonium bromide, stearyl dimethyl ammonium chlo~ride, stearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide, stearyl trimethyl 20 ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide~ lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimefhyl cetyl ditallow dimethyl ammonium chioride, dicetyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl ammonium bromide, ditauryl ammonium chloride, dilauryl ammonium bromide, distearyl ammonium chloride, distearyl ammonium bromide, dicetyl methyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl methyl 25 ammonium bromide, dilauryl methyl ammonium chlorid0, dilauryl methyl ammonium bromide, distearyl methyl ammonium chioride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chlorid3, distearyl methyl ammonium bromide, and mixtures thereof.
AddiUonal quaternary ammonium salts include Uhose v.~herein the C12 to C22 alkyl caroon chain is derived from a tallow fatty acid or from a coconut fatty acid.
30 The term "tallow" refers to an alkyl group derived from tallow fatty acids (usually hydluuc:ndl~d tallowfatty acids), which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains in the C16 to C18 range. The term "coconut" refers to an alkyl group derived from a cocunt fatty acid, which generally have mixtures of alkyl chains !n the C12 toC14 range. Examples of quatemary ammonium salfs derived from thsse tallow 35 and cococut sources indude ditallow dimethyl ammonium chlroide, ditallow ~/'O ~6/06S~S PCTII~S9!;11018S
~ ~3 2 ~ ~84 7~
dimehtyl ammonium methyl sulfate, di(h~d, uuullclud tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di~hy-lruuurl_~d tallow~ dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropyl ammonium phosphate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate, di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl 5 ammonium bromide, tallow smmonium chloride, coconut ammonium chloride, SIUdldlllidOplO,Jyl PG-dimonium chloride phosuhsle, ~Lualdll,ido~u,u,uyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~lca~ cmidu~u, u~yl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, sl~aldllliclù~clu,uyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, :~ttldl dl I liduul u~uyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, :,led, dl I ~idOUI U,U jl dimethyl o ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.
More preferred cationic surfactants are those selected from the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, sludld",idoplupyl PG-dimonium 5 chloride l-hosul,ale, slaalc"lido,u,u,uyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, ~l~clclllidvulupyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate) ammonium chloride, :~16dl~111 ,idop, u,uyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate, slealalIlivu,ulu,uyl dimetnyl ammonium chloride, s'~.dllliduplupyl dimethyl ammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred cationic surfactants are those selected from 20 the group consisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammoniun chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipaimityl dimethyl ammonium chioride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of alll~JI ,otel ic and z~ leriu"i~_ surfactants which can be used in 25 the culll~uo~ iuns of the present invention are those which are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphaticradical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms (preferably Cg -C1g) and one contains an anionic water sol~lb' ,9 group, e.g., carboxy, 30 sulfonate, sulfate, uhva~hcle, or l hv~,ullulldl~. Examples are alkyl imino acetates, and i,, ,inod;~ oct~s and ~ " ,uales of the formulas RN~CH2)mC02M]2 and RNH(CH2)mC02M wherein m is from 1 to 4, R is a Cg-C22 . alkyl or alkenyl, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal ammonium, or 'k ,ola"""u"ium. Also included are i,..:' ' ,ium and 35 ammonium derivates. Specific examples of suitable alll,uhv'~ surfactants WO 5~6/06~59~ pclllrs9~
21~475 include sodium 3-dodecyl-a",i"u~-,upio,~ , sodium 3-dodec~la,,,i,,u~,u~,~,,t, sulionate, N-alkyitaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecyiamine with sodium ia~U,iu"dle accordin3 to the teaching cf U.S. Patent 2,658,072 which is i~ ,uw.,t~d herein by refererlce in its entirety; N-higher alkyl aspartic 5 acids such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. Patent 2,438,091 which is illw~,uuldLed herein by reference in its entirety; and the products sold under the trade name ''Miranol" and described in U.S. Patent 2,528,378, which is i,,,,o,,uu(~tdd herein by reference in its entirety. Other examples of useful d",~hul~ a include UhOa~UIlalea~ such as cudlllidûl.lu,uy o PG-dimonium chloride pilO~,Ulldtl: (cul~ e~uialy available as Monaquat PTC, from Mona Corp.~.
Especially ~sseful herein as a~ llul~l ic or z~ ;tit:, io"ic surfactants are thebetaines. Examples of betaines include the higher alkyl betaines, such as coco dimethyl ca~Lo~yll~UIyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl ~Lo~;"~ttl,yl betaine, lauryl 15 dimethyl dl~-hal,dliJuxyuU,yl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available as Lonzaine 16SP from Lonza Corp.~, lauryl bis-(2-h~,.i,uxyt:U.;l~ carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-~2-hydroxypropyll cal iJoxy~ U ~yl betaine, oieyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, iauryl bis-(2-h~i,u,~yl.,uu~rl)alpha-~,uu,~y~:l,yl betaine, coco dimethyl sulfopropyl zo betainrl, stearyl dimethyl s~ ~f~, u~,yl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, and ~ lulJ~t~ s and amirl~s~ . (wherein the RCONH(CH2~3 radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine), oleyl betaine (available as all,~hut~lic VelvetexOLB-50 from l lenkel), and ccualllidO,u~u,uyl betaine tavailable as Velvetex BK-35 25 and BA-35 from Henkel3.
Other high!y useful ~,.,,uhù~eriu and zwi;;_.iull;c surfactants include the sultaines and hydrox,vsultaines such as ~ id~ U~Uyl hydroxysultaine [available as Mlrataine CBS from Rhone-Pouienc), and the aikanoyl sdl.,uai,,c,~ cullt:a~Jùlldilly to the formula RCON(CH3)CH2CH2C02M wherein 30 R is alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a water-solubie cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium and t~ 'h ,old",ine (e.g., tli~UIc.llùldl~line~, a preferred example of which is sodium iauroyl 5dl l,USil Among the surfactants described above, preferred for use herein are those 35 selected from tl~e group consisting of sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium lauryl WO !,~;/06595 PCTIU'3~5~ 18~
2 1 98~7~
sulfate, sodium lauryl sdluosi,ldle, sodium cocoyl is~Lhiolldle, CCdllli iu~JIupyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, cetyl dimethyl betaine, ammonium lauryi sulfate, sodium tallow soap, sodium coconut soap, ceteth-10, steareth-21, steareth-2, ceteth-2, glyceryl stearate, glucose amides, dilauryl dimethyl ammoniun 5 chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
EMOLLIENTS
The uul~lpOaiLiOlls of the present invention comprise from û~h to about 50%, preferably from about 0.1 C/o to about 200/G, and most preferably from about 10 0,5% to about 10~~0 of an emollient. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that these emollient materials provide a cleansing benefit by acting asa solvent to help dissolve oils and other oily debris during the cleansing process. The term emollient, as used herein is intended to include conventional lipid materials (e.g., fats, waxes, and other water insoluble materials), polar 15 lipids (e.g., lipid materials which have been h~dru,~l,yli~,a:!y modified to render them more water soluble), silicones, h~Ji UI~dl iJon5, and a wide variety of solvent materials.
A wide variety of emollient materials are suitable for use in the co,,,,uusiliu,ls of the present invention. Examplas of conventional emollients 20 include C8-30 alkyl esters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; C1-6 diol Illolloe~L~:la and diesters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; monoglycerides, diy'ycericl~:" and triglycerides of C8-30 carboxylic acids, .,I,oleaLu,ul esters of C8-30 carboxylic acids, .,hule~l~lul, and hydlucdli,u"a. Exampies of these materials include diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl 25 palmitate, isodecyl neou~dllldnodL~l C12-15 alcohols benzoate, diethylhexyl maleate, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-2 myristyl ether p,upiu"~,tu, cetyl ricinoleate, ~,i,ole~te,ul stearate, ~wle~L~:,ol isosterate, ulloleaLulul acetate, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, lanolin, lanolin esters, mineral oil, petrolatum, and straight and branched h~dlu~dliJul-s having from about 16 to about 30 carbon atoms.
30 Also useful are straight and branched chain alcohols having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms",u, " llilillg examples of which include stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Examples of other suitable materials are disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
4,919,934, to Deckner et al., issued April 24, 1990; which is iln,ul~JuldLed herein 35 by reference in its entirety.
WO 1)6/06595 PCTI~rS~5/104NS
2 1 q~
Also useful as emollients are material such dS alkoxylated ethers and diethers. The alkoxylated ethers useful herein can be described by the followinggeneral formula:
R - CH - CH2 - O(CHCH2O) nH
OE~ m R' wherein R is selected from the group consisting o~ H and C1-C30 straight chain o or branched chain alkyl~ m is an integer from û to about 6, R~is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl, and n is an integer from about 3 to about 30~
Preferably R is selected from the group consisting of C2-CZ5 straight chain or branched alkyl, m is an integer from 0 to about 2, R' is methyl~ and n is an integer from about 5 to about 25. More preferabiy R is selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 straight chain or branched chain alkyl~ m is an integer from 0 to about 1~ R' is methyi~ snd n is an integer from about 10 to about 20.
illy examples of " :yldl~d ethers useful herein include PPG-10 butyl ether, PPG-f1 butyl ether, PPG-12 butyl ether, PPG-13 butyl ether, PPG-20 14 butyl ether, PPG-15 butyl ether, PPG-16 butyl ether, PPG-17 butyl ether, PPG-18 butyl ether, PPG-19 butyl ether, PPG-20 butyl ether, PPG-2Z butyl ether, PPG-24 butyl ether, PPG-30 butyl ether, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, PPG-10 oleyl ether, PPG-7 lauryl ether, PPG-30 isocetyl ether, PPG-10 glyceryl ether, PPG-15 glyceryl ether, PPG-10 butyleneglycol ether, PPG-15 butylene glycol ether, PPG-27 glyceryl ether, PPG-30 cetyl ether, PPG-28 cetyl ether, PPG-10 cetyl ether, PPG-10 hexylene glycol ether, PPG-15 hexyler.e glycol ether, PPG-10 1,2,6-he,~a"~t,iol ether, PPG-15 1,2,6-h~ dl,ulliul ether, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are PPG-14 butyl ether (available asFluid AP from Union Carbid Corp.) and PPG-15 stearyl ether ~available under 30 the lldde~ lle Arlamol E from ICI Americas Cul~uudliù~
Also useful herein are c" yl~.t~,d diethers. These compounds can be uSe:l ~lt:d by the general formula:
wo 96106s9~ PCrrU~(1511~48~
.
2198~75 H(OCH2CH)qO-- CH2-- ~cH2]p -- C~i2 --O(CHCH20)rH
R" R"
wherein each R" is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl, p is 5 an integer from about 1 to about 6, and each q and r are i,ldepe"d~"lly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 3 to about 30. Preferably R" is methyl, p is an integer from about 2 to about 4, and each q and r are illdt:,ut:l~delllly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 5 to about 25. More preferably R" is methyl, p is an integer from 2 to about 4, and each q and r are10 i"dep~nde"lly selected so that their sum is an integer from about 10 to about 20.
No, ' "it",g examples of alkoxylated diethers useful herein include those selected from the group consisting of PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-14 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-2 butanediol diether, PPG-10 1,6-hexdne-liul diether, PPG-12 1,6-he,~dnediol diether, PPG-14 h~:Aa"ediol diether, PPG-20 he,~ane.liol diether, and mixtures thereof. Preferred are those selected from the group consisting of PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-10 1,6-hexandiol diether, and PPG-12 h~,~a"ediul diether, and mixtures thereof. More preferred is PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether. This compound is ,_u"""e,cidlly available under the 20 I.~de,)d",e Macol 57 from PPG/Mazer Corporation.
Also useful as emollients are the so-called "polar lipids" which contain hydrophilic moieties such as hydroxy sroups carbonyl groups and ether linkages. Pr4ferred classes of these polar lipids include C10-20 alcohol Illolloso,bildn esters, C10-20 alcohol sorbitan diesters, C10-20 alcohol sorbitan 25 triesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose ,,,u,,oe~le~, C10-20 alcohol sucrose diesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose triesters, and C10-20 fatty alcohol esters of C2-C6 2-hydroxy acids. NJM' llitill9 examples of these polar lipids are sorbitan d;.~o~l~d, a(~, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan isoaolc~dl _le,sorbitan laurate, sorbitan oleate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan ses~ okP~P, 30 sorbitan sesq~ te~rte, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan Idiu~l~dl ltl, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristeate, sucrose cocoate, sucrodilaurate, sucrose distearate, sucroselaurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose oleate, sucrose palmitate, sucrose ricinoleate, sucrose stearate, sucrose l~iuehendl~, sucrose tristearate, myristyl lactate, stearyl lactate, isostearyl lactate, cetyl lactate, palmityl lactate, cocoyl 3~ lactate, and mixtures thereof. Other polar lipids are the C10-20 alkyl pidolates WO 9611i659~ PCTIUS9~/10 185 .
18 21 ~8475 (i.e. pyrrolidone l,alLw~yld[e esters, exsmples of which are myristyl pidolate, cetyl pidolate, lauryl pidolate, and stearyl pidolate) Yet other polar lipids are alkyl C1-3 esters of panthenol such as panthenyl triacetate (which is the triacetyl ester cf panthenol). Especiaily preferred amon~ the polar lipids are isostearyl 5 lactate (available as Pationic IL, from RITA Corp), sorbitan laurate (available as Arlacel 20 from ICI Americas), lauryl pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (available as lauryl pidolate from UCIB Corp.), panthenyl triacetate (available as D-panthenyltriacetate from Induchem), and mixtures thereof.
Also useful are silicones including nonvolatile silicones such as o dillleLlliw~le copolyol; dimethylpoiysiloxane, d;~ yl~JOly ' ,e; high molecular weight di,nell,icu.,e (average motecular weight from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000 and, preferably, from about 300,000 to about 600,000) which can have various end-le""i"ali"g groups such as hydroxyl, lower C~-C3 alkyl, lower C1-C3 alkoxy and the like; mixed C1-C3 alkyl polysiloxane (e.g., 15 methyleU~ uOI~ u~dne); phenyl ti,l,elf,i~"e and other aryl di",~,:l,ico~,es;
dilllelhiwl lol; flUu~l "' lê5, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred among the nonvolatile silicones are those selected from the group consisting of dillletllicul~e copolyol, di."~ll,yl~,olysiloxane, diethylpolysiloxane, high molecular weight di"~ell~iu~"~e, mixed C1-C30 alkyl 20 polysiloxane, phenyl dillleLhiwlle, dillleDIicollol, and mixtures thereof. More preferred are non-volatile silicones selected from ~ eU,icc".e, .Ji,l,tlhicol,ol, mixed C1-C30 alkyl pol~silo,~c,,e, and mixtures thereof. Especially preferred isdi~ellliwllol which is a dimethyt silicone polyrner le~ d with hydroxyl groups. Di~lleU~iw-~ul is available as Q2-1401 Fluid, a solution of 13 percent 25 ultra-hlgh-viscosity ti~ ;li..u~ linvolatile~.3~.1~,,,t:U,icwnefluidasacarrier,as Q2-1403 Fluid, a solution of ultra-high-viscosity di~eU~i~,u~ol fluid in dillleUIiwlld (both sold by Dow Corning Corpor2tion3; and as other custom blends le g 10Ch di~ UIicunûl in dilllel;lil-ulle). Nu, ' " ,9 examples of silicones useful herein are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et30 al., issued April 3Q, 1991, which has already been i~,O~f~Oaled by reference.Among the emollients preferred are those selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum" liolè~Le~u!~ leUIicone, di~lleUliconol~
stearyl alcohol, eetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate~ cetyl ricinoleate, sorbitan distearte, sorbitan 35 dilaurate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan laurate, sucrose laurate, suuose dilaurste, Wo 96/06595 PCTI~lS95/lû485 .
,9 2 1984 sodium isostearyl lactylate, lauryl pidolate, sorbitan stearate, stearyl acohol,cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol,PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
Water The cc""posilions of the present invention comprise from about 20% to about 99.85~/c, more preferably from about 50~/0 to about 95~/0, and most preferably from about 70% to about 90~/0 of water. In further c~llluo-lilllellLawherein the cull,,uoailio"s of the present invention are in the form of soap bars, lower levels of water are preferred, i.e. from about 5~/0 to about 20%.
Additional Co~ u, ,~, lla The ~,ulll~.u~ilio,,s of the present invention can comprise a wide range of additional cu,,,ponenla. The CTFA Cosmetic Inqredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, which is i"uu, i~~l dlud by reference herein in its entirety, describes a wide variety of nul " ~ l9 cosmetic and pharamceutical inu,~diu~ commonly used in the skin care industry, which are suitable for use in the com,uosiliona of the present invention. Nonlimiting examples of functional classes of i"u, edi~"l;, are described at page 537 of this reference. Examples of these functional classes include: dbaO~ llb, anti-acne agents, anticaking agents, dlllirvdlllillgagents, dlltillli~-lbicl agents, dllliw~idalll~, binders, biological additives, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants~ cosmetic daLI il Iyel lla, cosmetic biocides, denaturants, drug aal, i"g~, Ib, extemal dnalueai~a~ film formers, fragrance culll~ollt:llla, humectants, opacifying agents, pH adjusters, p,uaer~/ativc3, ,ulupelldllLa, reducing agents, skin bleaching agents, skin~u"diliu"i"g agents ~humectants""ia~,ellaneous, and occulsive), sunscreen agents, and ultraviolet light absorbers. Examples of other functional classes ofmaterials useful herien that are well known to one of ordinary skill in the art include emulsifiers, sol~ ~' " ,9 agents, sequestrants, keratolytics, retinoids, and the like.
No, " "ili"g examples of these additional ~,OIllpullellL5 cited in the CTFA
Cosmetic Inoredient Handbook, as well as other materials useful herein, include the following: vitamins and derivatives thereof (e.g toLu,ullelul, tu~ophe~ol acetate, retinoic acid, retinol, retinoids, and the like); su"~ er,i"g agents; anti-oxidants; anti-microbial agents; ~ au~vdti;cs; thickeners (e.g. .,luaslillk.,d aaylicacidhrJlll?ol~m~lasuchasthecarbomerseriesandtheacrylateslc1o-3o 3~ alkyl acrylate crosspolymers available as the Pemulen serieâ from B.F.
WO 91ilOh5~5 PCTlllS9~illQ~85 2~98475 Goodrich, nonionic polyacrylamide polymers such as the material given the CTFA .lusiy"aliul, polyacrylamide and isv,udldriill and laueth-7 available as Sepigel 305 from Seppic Corporation, Fairfield, NJ; and ~,lus~li"hed cationic polymers such as the material given the CTFA desi~l IdLion polyqauaternium 32 (and) mineral and sold as Salcare SC92 and the material given the CTFA
desi!J"aliorl polyguaternium 37 land~ mineral oil (and) PPG-1 tridecefh~ and sold as Salcare SC95, both by Allied Colloids, Norfolk, VA); gums (e.g~, xanthangum guar gum ~ellan gum an the like); emulsifiers; polyethylene~u,'yccls and poly", upyleneylyocls; polymers for aiding the film-forming properties and 10 substantivity of the cc""uu:,iliu" (such as a copolymer of eicosene and vinyl~y~ e, an example of which is available from ~ihF Chemical Corporation as Ganex~9 V-220);~preserYatiVeS for ll~cliulail~iug the c~ llliLluuidl integrity of the Wll~,UO~iliùl)s~ anti-acne ",ediud".c:"l~ (e.g., resorcinol, sulfur, salicylic acidl erytl,,u,,,,~,i,,, zinc, benzoyl peroxide, and the like), skin bleaching (or lightening) 15 agents includin~ but not limited to hydroquinone, kojic acid; aulio~ida"l~, chelators and sequestrants; and aesthetic uull~uone~ such as rldulall~es, pigments, colorings, essential oils, skin sensates, aallil-ge"kt, skin soothing agents, skin healing agents and the like~ no~d " ,g examples of these aestheUc ~,U~,UUIIel~l t include panthenol and derivatives (e.g. ethyl panthenol), aloe vera, 20 ,Odl llUU It~ni-~ acid and its derivatives, clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyi lactate, witch hazel distillate, ailantoin, bisabolol, rlipct~sillrn giycyrrhizinate and the like; and skin cu".liiiu"i"~ agents such as urea and glycerol, and also the propoxylated glycerols described in U.S. Patent No.
4,976,953, to-Orr et al., issued December 11, 1990, which is iln,OI,uul~lad by reference herein in its entirety. Preferred levels of skin co. ,diliù. ,i"g agents such as glycerol, urea, and ~nupoxylatcd glycerols range from about 0.1% to about 10Yo.
In a preferred culll,uu~iLion of the present invention, the co",l.o:.iliuns comprise from about 0.1C/6 to about 1û% of a material selected from the group 30 consistina of salic~lic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, retinal, retinoic acid, azaleic acid, aioe verat panthenol, pa- -lull lenic acid, clove oil, menthoi, camphor, eucaiyptus oii, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate, allantoin, bisabolol, and mixtures thereof.
Methods For Personal Cleansino wo 96/06s9s PCT/VS951l0485 .
21 2 ~ 9 8 4 7 5 The cu~ Juailiulls of the present invention are useful for cleansing the ~ skin or hair. Typically, a suitable or effective amount of the cleansing Cull~uOaiLiull is applied to the skin or hair to be cleansed. Alternatively, a suitable amount of the cleansing cu~wos;lioll can be applied via illLt~llllc:diaLe 5 epr' ' 1 to a washcloth, a sponge, pad, cotton ball or other application device.
If desired the area to be cleansed can be p,~",oi_'~.ned with water. It has beenfound that the ~ull~posilions of the present invention can be combined with water during the cleansing process or used alone. The product can be removed after use either by risning the product with water, or simply wiping off the product with o a tissue, cotton ball, etc. Generally an effective amount of product to be used will depend upon the needs and usage habits of the individual. Because these cu""~osii;ùns are essentially non-abrasive, they can be used frequently such as on a daily basis or more than once a day for each cleansing, without undue irritation. Typical amounts 2f the present co~,uo2silio~s useful for cleansing 15 range from about 0.5 mglcm to about 25 mg/cm of skin surface area to be cleansed.
EXAMPLES
The following examples further describe and d~lllullallcllu u.lllJodil"e"ta within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the20 purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Il ~yl l:dk,ula are identified by chemical or CTFA name.
Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following i"y,~.lier,ts using conventional mixing techniques.
Inult:dielllta Wei~ht Percent Water QS 100 PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25 ~Iycerin 3.00 Stearyl Alcohol 2.88 Polyethylene Particles1 2.00 WO 'i6lo6s9~i PCT/11$95/lW85 .
Polyethylene Partic,es2 2.00 Salicylic Acid 2.00 Distearyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 1.50 Cetyl Alcohol 0.80 Urea 0 50 Steareth-21 0.50 Behenyi Alcohol 0.32 PPG-30 0.25 o Steareth-2 0.25 Fragrance 0.15 Polysa~, Idd de Gum 0.05 Disodium EDTA 0.01 15 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25 microns available as Acumist A-25 from Allied Signal Corp.
2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 miaons available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp. ~ u, li~àd In a suitable vessel the water glycerin pot~ sacul ,c" i.,e guml and disodium EDrA are mixed and heated to 75~0~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the PPG-14 butyl ether the PPG-30 and the salicylic acid are heated to 75-8û~C with stimng to form an oil phase. Next the stearyl cetyl and behenyl aolcohols are added to this oil phase while continuing to heat and stir. Next the 25 distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride the steareth-2 and steareth-21 are added to this oii phase while still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsr,'ied intc, the water-containing mixture using a hol, IO9al li il 19 mill The resulting emulsior, is cooled with stirring to 45~C and the urea and fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirrlng at which time 30 the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting o,eanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin.
vly~ the above ~ uosilion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with 35 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about WO g6/1)6595 PCr/llS95/104NS
.
23 21 q8475 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene. polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
-s EXAMPLE 2 Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following i"~ die, Ita usingconventional mixing techniques.
Il IUI ~dieMJ Weiaht Percent IU Water QS 100 Glycerin 3.00 Polyethylene Particles1 4.00 Glucose Amides 2.56 Sorbitan Stearate 2.00 Cetyl Alcohol 0 50 Fragrance 0.50 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 Polyquaternium-10 0.20 Potassium Hydroxide 0.20 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross Polymer 0.20 Methylparaben 0. 10 Stearic Acid 0.10 Propylparaben 0. 10 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable vessel the water, glycverin, glucose amides, polyquaternium-10, Ill~tl~ dldbell, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylates crosspolymer, and tetrasodium EDTA are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the sorbitan stearate, stearic acid, propylparaben, and cetyl alcohol areheated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. This oil phase is then 35 emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a h~ oy~ l lg mill. Next, WO 96/06S!~5 PCTII~S95/104X5 the potassium hydroxide is added to neutraiize the emulsion which is then cooled with stirring to 45~C, st which time ths phenoxyethanol and fragrance areadded. The emulsion is cooled to room tamperature with stirring at which time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useFul for cleansing the skin.
Alternatively, the above cu,..,uo~ilion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about10 7~ microns. selected from one or more oF the Following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nyion, and teflon.
15 Latherina Cleanser A lathering cleanser is prepared by combining the following ill,4~ Ib using conventional mixing techniaues.
1ll4~udit:,lb Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 ~o Polyethylene Beads1 4.00 Glycerln 3.00 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 3.00 Sodium Cocoyl Ist,U ,iu, lab 2.00 Co~ uu~yl 9etaine 2.00 Polyquaternium-10 0.50 Sodium Laureth Sulfate 0.40 P~,e,lo.~,.. lallùl 0.40 M~ .ldl diJ~I) 0.10 Propylparaben 0.10 Disodium EDTA 0.10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, availabie as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.
WO 96106595 PCTI[IS9511~48~
.
25 2 1 9~4 7 In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, polyquaternium-10, disodium EDTA, and methylparaben are heated with stirring to 50~C. In a separate vessel the sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl i~eti,iu"cl~, COudt~iCiO,ol u~yl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, and propyl paraben are heated with stirring to 50~C and mixed with the water phase i"yl ~Jienl~. The mixture is cooled to 45~C and the phl:"o~yethanol is mixed in. The mixture is then cooled to room lu",~.e, ' ~re with mixing at which time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.
The resulting lathering cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is usefui for cleansing the skin. This lathering cleanser can also be deliverd from a non-o aerosol pump or squeeze foaming device to deliver a lathering foam.
Alternatively, the above uolllpo~iLiû,, is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
Emollient Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following il ~u~ u iiu, IL~ using conventional mixing techniques.
Il ,u, ~Jie. ILs Weiqht Percent Water QS 1 ûO
Cetyl Dimethyl Betaine 2.00 Sodium Alkyl Sulfate 1.ûO
PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25 Glycerin 3.ûû
Stearyl Alcohol 2.88 Polyethylene Particles1 2.00 Polyethylene Partici0s2 2.00 ,, Salicylic Acid 2.00 Distearyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 1.50 Cetyl Alcohol 0.80 Urea 0.50 WO 96~06~ PCI'IU595111~485 27~8475 Steareth-21 0 50 Behenyl Alcohol 0.32 PPG-30 0.2~
Steareth-2 0.25 Fragrance 0.15 Poly~d~l ,c" ide Gum 0.05 Disodium EDTA 0.01 ' Gxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 2 o microns, available as Acumist A-25 from Allied Signal Corp.
2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particies having a mean particle size diameler of 45 microns, available as Acumist A~5 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable Yessel the water, glycerin, and disodium EDTA are mixed 15 and heated to 75-~80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel ths PPG-14 butyl ether, the salicylic acid, and the PPG-30 are heated to 7~80~C with stirring to form an oil phase Next the stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the behenyl alcohol are added to this oil phase while continuing to heat with stirring. Nextthe distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride~ the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are 20 added to the oil phase while still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a ho",oy~. ,ki"g mill. The resulting emulsion is cooled with stirring to 45~C and the urea and fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at which time the sodium alkyl sulfate and the cetyl dimethyl betaine ae mixed in, foliowed by2S the poly~ " ,e particles.
The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin.
Altematively, the above ~,.",~,o~ilio.1 is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particlss of equivalent mean particle size or with 30 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polr",~ll,yL,l;rene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
WO !~6/06595 PCTIU595/10485 27 21 ~84~5 Emulsion Cleanser A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients using conventional mixing techniques.
die~lIs Weiqht Percent Water QS 100 Glycerin 3.00 Polyethylene Particles1 4.00 PPG-14 Butyl Ether 7.00 Mineral Oil 1 .4Q
PPG-30 0.25 Stearyl Alcohol 1.80 Cetyl Alcohol 0.50 Behenyl Aicohol 0.20 Steareth-2 1.50 Steareth-21 0.50 Disodium EDTA 0.01 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 Methylparaben 0. 10 Propylparaben 0. 10 1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A-45 from Allied Signal Corp.
In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin",.~I:,yll,c~beli, and disodium 25 EDTA are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the PPG-14 butyi ether, PPG-30, propylparaben, and mineral oil are heated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. Next the stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the behenyl alcohol zre added to this oil phase while continuing to heat with stirringr. Next the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are added to the oil phase while 30 still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsified into the water-containing mixture using a hu,"oy~ i"g mill. The mixture is cooled to 45~C
and the ~JI ,er,u,~y~,;. Idl 10l is mixed in. The resulting emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at which time the polyethylene particles are stirred in.
WO 96/0659:3 PCTIUS95/1114~5 21 ~475 The resultirig cleanser exhibits low skin zbrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleanse the skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.
Alternatively, the above culll,uosiliuli is prepared by replacing the 5 polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or withparticles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutyiene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poiyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
IU
E)(AMPLE 6 Non-Rinsina Cleansinq Milk A non-rinsing cleansing milk is prepared by cornbining the following il Iyl ~diel It:~ using cu, ,/~. Iti~ndl mixing techniques.
Illul~ Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 Mineral Oil 5.00 Polyethylene Beads1 4.00 Isopropyl Palmitate 3.00 CetearylAlcohol 2.00 PEG-10 Castor Oil 2.00 Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate 1.00 Glyceryl Stearate 0.25 Aulyld",ide/Sodium Acrylate 2s Copolymer2 0.25 Di",utl,icone ~ 0.20 Phenoxyethanol 0.40 I jl,Udl dbe.) 0.10 PlU,Ujl,Vdldl~ell 0.1O
1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size diameter of 25 microns, available as Awmist A-25 from Allied Sisnal Corp.
2Available as Hoe S 2793 from Hoechst Celanese.
WU 96106595 PCT/US95/104~5 .
29 21 98~75 In a suitable vessel the water, acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer, glyceryl stearate, sodium cetearyi sulfate, and methylparaben are mixed and heated to 75-80~C with stirring. In a separate vessel the mineral oil, isopropylpalmitate, cetearyl alcohol, PEG-10 castor oil, di",_Ll,icone, and propylparabenare heated to 75-80~C with stirring to form an oil phase. This oil phase is thenemulsified into the water-containing mixture using a ho",oye"i~i"g mill. The mixture is cooled to 45~C with stirring and the phenoxyethanol is mixed in. The resulting emulsion is cooled to room temperature at which time the polyethylene particles are stirred in.
o The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful for cleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleanse the skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.
Alternatively, the above cu",l.o~ition is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
E)CAMPLE 7 Bar SoaD
11 l-,l tsdic:l It;~ Weiaht Percent Water QS 100 Sodium Tallow Soap 47.00 Sodium Coconut Soap 31.0û
Coconut Fatty Acid 7.00 Fragrance 1.50 Sodium Chloride 1.10 Titanium Dioxide 0.25 Triul llu- U-,dl Udl 1 0.55 Polyethylene Particles 2.00 Using conventional bar soap making techniques, the above i. l~ di~"t:, are mixed together and extruded and cut into soap bars.
~ 9~ilO6~ Z19~475 PCrNSg.S/10~5 The resulting soap bars zxhibit low skin abrasion and are use~ul for cleansing the skin.
AlL~IndLiJely, the above ,_u,,,l,o~iLion is prepared by replacing the polyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle size or with 5 particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1 micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the following materials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene. polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.
Claims (10)
1. A nonabrasive personal cleansing composition comprising:
(a) from 0.05% to 40% of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from 1 micron to 75 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles insaid composition having a diameter less than 75 microns, (b) from 0.05% to 40% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0% to 50% of an emollient, and (d) from 20% to 99.85% water.
(a) from 0.05% to 40% of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from 1 micron to 75 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles insaid composition having a diameter less than 75 microns, (b) from 0.05% to 40% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0% to 50% of an emollient, and (d) from 20% to 99.85% water.
2. A composition according to Claim 1 wherein said particles have a mean particle size diameter from 5 microns to 60 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than 75 microns; and preferably wherein said particles have a mean particle size diameter from 20 microns to 50 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than 75 microns.
3. A composition according to Claim 2 wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, and mixtures thereof; preferably wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene; and more preferably wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of oxidized polyethylene and oxidized polypropylene.
4. A composition according to Claim 3 wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, coamidopropyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, cetyl dimethyl betaine, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium tallow soap, sodium coconut soap, ceteth-10, steareth-21, steareth-2, ceteth-2, glyceryl stearate, glucose amides, dilauryl dimethyl ammoniun chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof; and wherein said emollient is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum cholesterol, dimethicone, dimethiconol, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, cetyl ricinoleate, sorbitan distearte, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan laurate, sucrose laurate, sucrose dilaurate, sodium isostearyl lactylate, lauryl pidolate, sorbitan stearate, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
5. A composition according to Claim 4 which further comprises from 0.1% to 10% of a material selected from the group consisting of salicylic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, aloe vera, panthenol, panthothenic acid, clove oil, menthol, camphor, eudyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, retinol, retinoic acid, azelaicacid, witch hazel distillate, allantoin, bisabolol, and mixtures thereof.
6. A composition according to Claim 5 which further comprises from 0.1% to 10% of a skin conditioner selected from the group consisting of glycerin, urea, propoxylated glycerol, and mixtures thereof.
7. A nonabrasive personal cleansing composition, in the form of a bar, comprising:
(a) from 0.1% to 20% of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from 1 micron to 75 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles insaid composition having a diameter less than 75 microns, (b) from 50% to 90% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic, surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0%, to 50% of an emollient, and (d) from 5% to 20% water.
(a) from 0.1% to 20% of insoluble particles having a mean particle size diameter from 1 micron to 75 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles insaid composition having a diameter less than 75 microns, (b) from 50% to 90% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic, surfactants, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0%, to 50% of an emollient, and (d) from 5% to 20% water.
8. A composition according to Claim 7 wherein said particles have a mean particle size diameter from 5 microns to 60 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than 75 microns;
preferably wherein said particles have a mean particle size diameter from 20 microns to 50 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than 75 microns; and more preferably wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, and mixtures thereof.
preferably wherein said particles have a mean particle size diameter from 20 microns to 50 microns, with greater than 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than 75 microns; and more preferably wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, and mixtures thereof.
9. A composition according to Claim 8 which further comprises from 0.1% to 10% of a skin conditioning material selected from the group consisting of glycerin, urea, propoxylated glycerol, and mixtures thereof.
10. A method for cleansing skin comprising applying to the skin from 0.5 mg/cm2 to 25 mg/cm2 of the composition of any of claims 1 through 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US29656594A | 1994-08-26 | 1994-08-26 | |
US08/296,565 | 1994-08-26 |
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CA2198475A1 true CA2198475A1 (en) | 1996-03-07 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CA002198475A Abandoned CA2198475A1 (en) | 1994-08-26 | 1995-08-16 | Personal cleansing compositions |
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US (2) | US5720961A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0777464A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10505061A (en) |
KR (1) | KR970705374A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1159159A (en) |
AU (1) | AU705449B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2198475A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ54797A3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9701469A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996006595A1 (en) |
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-
1995
- 1995-08-16 EP EP95929593A patent/EP0777464A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-16 CZ CZ97547A patent/CZ54797A3/en unknown
- 1995-08-16 CA CA002198475A patent/CA2198475A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-08-16 CN CN95195335A patent/CN1159159A/en active Pending
- 1995-08-16 MX MX9701469A patent/MX9701469A/en unknown
- 1995-08-16 JP JP8508794A patent/JPH10505061A/en active Pending
- 1995-08-16 KR KR1019970701199A patent/KR970705374A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-16 WO PCT/US1995/010485 patent/WO1996006595A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-16 AU AU33300/95A patent/AU705449B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-29 US US08/521,287 patent/US5720961A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-19 US US08/802,600 patent/US5753245A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US5720961A (en) | 1998-02-24 |
AU3330095A (en) | 1996-03-22 |
MX9701469A (en) | 1997-05-31 |
EP0777464A1 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
CN1159159A (en) | 1997-09-10 |
AU705449B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
KR970705374A (en) | 1997-10-09 |
US5753245A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
JPH10505061A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
WO1996006595A1 (en) | 1996-03-07 |
CZ54797A3 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
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Legal Events
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EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |