CN101648053A - Double-channel embedded nerve stimulator - Google Patents
Double-channel embedded nerve stimulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101648053A CN101648053A CN200910092206A CN200910092206A CN101648053A CN 101648053 A CN101648053 A CN 101648053A CN 200910092206 A CN200910092206 A CN 200910092206A CN 200910092206 A CN200910092206 A CN 200910092206A CN 101648053 A CN101648053 A CN 101648053A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-channel embedded nerve stimulator which belongs to the technical field of embedded medical instruments. Two-way stimulating signals can be simultaneously produced forsimultaneously stimulating two target points of brain or nerve, thereby effectively controlling and treating diseases. The double-channel embedded nerve stimulator comprises a microcontroller, a double-channel pulse output circuit, a communication circuit, a power management circuit, a battery and the like, wherein a program memory, a digital-analog signal converter, a timer and the like are integrated in the microcontroller; the double-channel pulse output circuit comprises a DC-DC circuit, an output channel, a polarity selection circuit, a pulse output control circuit, a charge balance circuit and an electrode impedance measurement circuit; the communication circuit comprises a communication coil, a signal transmission circuit and a signal reception circuit; and the power management circuit is connected with the battery. A power supply is a primary battery or a charging battery capable of meeting different application requirements and exerting respective use advantages. Compared witha single-channel product, the double-channel embedded nerve stimulator doubles the treating capability and has high economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of double-channel embedded neuroelectric pulse stimulator that can pass through simultaneously the electric pulse stimulation effect of two target spots to be treated nervous system disease, belong to the implantation medical equipment technical field.
Background technology
To the nervous system disease of some type, as parkinson disease, epilepsy, intractable pain, torsion spasm, spasmodic torticollis, chorea, essential vertigo, common drug is treated and surgical operation therapy clinically, but side effect and complication are important drawbacks.Electrical stimulating therapy is by carrying out chronic electric pulse stimulation to the corresponding target spot of various disease, as parkinson disease are stimulated subthalamic nuclei and pallidum,, play the etiological treatment effect to the epilepsy vagus nerve stimulation, being a kind of reversible neuroregulation treatment, is a kind of ideal Therapeutic Method.
Chinese invention patent " the implantable nerve stimulator of multichannel " (application number 86103049), digitally encoded signal is sent into the receptor/stimulator of implantation with outer carriers by skin together with energy, stimulator is sent into the electrode of implanting auditory nerve or cochlea to electric charge or current waveform with bitstream decoding.This stimulator must be worked simultaneously by outer carriers control, and circuit structure and algorithm have determined this stimulator can only be used for the auditory nerve patch system.Chinese invention patent (application number 01810456.8) " is used to stimulate the implanted and the electrostimulator able to programme of organism organ and tissue ", the whole surface that biosensor is spread all over shell, the breathing that disease causes and cardiovascular variation are by sensor record, according to certain algorithm, on line electrode, form current impulse.This stimulator is a foundation with breathing and cardiovascular physiological signal, and the functional activity by electricity irritation change histoorgan is not suitable for nerve stimulation.Chinese invention patent " implanted type programmable nervus stimulator " (application number 200610025658.3), external control section sends energy and information to stimulator for implantation by wireless radio frequency mode, the stimulator inter-process is partly used information decoding, the distribution of FPGA to importing into, by the electrode drive part stimulus signal is added to the stimulation target spot again.This stimulator work process must be transmitted stimulus information and energy is provided by peripheral control unit.Chinese invention patent " a kind of implantable nerve electric pulse stimulation system " (application number 200510116704.6), provide a kind of, can be used for the electronic stimulation of nervous system disease such as parkinson disease, epilepsy, pain, torsion spasm by the electric pulse stimulation effect of target spot being treated the implantable nerve electric pulse stimulation system of nervous system disease.The pulse generator that implants in this system can produce the adjustable electric impulse signal of a LUSHEN number by primary cell power supply.
During the treatment of a lot of nervous system disease, need the two-way electric impulse signal that different target spots are stimulated.When treating, need the two-way electric impulse signal to stimulate brain bilateral related neural nuclear group respectively as bilateral symptom parkinson disease.If use the single channel stimulator, need to implant two stimulators, if adopt dual pathways stimulator, then only need a stimulator, can reduce the operation complexity, can reduce body simultaneously and be implanted into the operation wound that causes, have obvious significance.
Because nerve stimulator reaches the effect of treatment by the electric pulse stimulation to target spot, power supply is the significant element of embedded nerve stimulator, the present invention uses battery as power supply, and used battery can be traditional disposable battery, also can be Li-Ion rechargeable battery, use the one-shot battery advantage simple as circuit, easy to use, shortcoming is limited by battery capacity, and in a single day the energy content of battery exhausts, the patient just has to undergo surgery again, changes stimulator; Using the rechargeable battery advantage is that the life-span is long, and volume is little, and shortcoming is the circuit relative complex, and the cost height need regularly carry out wireless charging.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be patient with nervous system disease, a kind of double-channel embedded neuroelectric pulse stimulator is provided, this stimulator can produce the two-way stimulus signal, simultaneously brain or two neural target spots are stimulated, effectively control and the treatment disease, parameters such as the amplitude of two-way stimulus signal, pulsewidth, frequency all can be regulated by vitro program controlled instrument.This stimulator can use disposable battery or Li-Ion rechargeable battery simultaneously, can carry out wireless charging by external charger when using rechargeable battery.This stimulator can be used for treating multiple nervous system disease.
The invention is characterized in, contain: microcontroller, dual pathways impulse output circuit, telecommunication circuit, battery, electric power management circuit, wherein:
(1) microcontroller, inside is integrated with:
Program storage is supported to be used to store the software of microcontroller from the programming operation;
The digital-analog signal transducer;
Digital to Analog Converter;
Intervalometer;
(2) dual pathways impulse output circuit, contain:
DC-DC circuit, output channel and polarity selecting circuit, pulse output control circuit, charge balance circuit, electrode impedance measuring circuit, wherein:
The DC-DC circuit, comprise inductance, switching tube, diode, comparator, produce control signal control DC-DC circuit working by described microcontroller, described DC-DC circuit feeds back to described microcontroller by comparator with output voltage simultaneously, form closed loop control, this DC-DC circuit can either boost and can blood pressure lowering;
Output channel and polarity selecting circuit comprise analog switch and output capacitance, and stimulator has the two-way output signal, and every road output signal can select shell and 4 electrodes to carry out combinations of polarities output respectively;
The pulse output control circuit is made up of switching device, is used to produce voltage or current impulse output;
The charge balance circuit is made up of charge balance electric capacity and switching device, by microprocessor controls, realizes stimulating the charge balance of target spot;
The electrode impedance measuring circuit, the voltage signal by on the described analogue-to-digital converters measurement current sampling resistor further calculates electrode impedance;
(3) telecommunication circuit is made up of communication coil, signal transmission circuit, signal receiving circuit;
(4) battery;
(5) electric power management circuit, electric power management circuit links to each other with battery.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) can produce the adjustable electric impulse signal of two-way parameter simultaneously, simultaneously two target spots be stimulated, compare the single channel product, the treatment ability doubles;
(2) can adopt the power supply of one-shot battery or Li-Ion rechargeable battery, can satisfy different application demands, performance advantage separately;
(3) there are patient with nervous system disease such as up to ten million parkinson, epilepsy, chronic pain in the whole nation, and the present invention has high economic benefit and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is applied to bilateral deep brain stimulation sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a dual pathways output electric pulse sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that a kind of circuit of dual pathways potential pulse output of the present invention is realized schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that a kind of circuit of dual pathways current impulse output of the present invention is realized schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the dual pathways potential pulse output control sequential chart of the described circuit of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is the dual pathways current impulse output control sequential chart of the described circuit of Fig. 5.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention shown in Figure 1 is applied in the bilateral deep brain stimulation sketch map, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator 1 of the present invention produces the two-way electric impulse signal, by two extension leads 2 this two-way electric impulse signal is passed to two stimulating electrodes 3, two stimulating electrodes 3 are added to two treatment target spots respectively with the two-way electric impulse signal, neural class disease are played the effect of treatment by electric pulse stimulation.
The two-way electric impulse signal that stimulator 1 produces as shown in Figure 2, the amplitude of passage 1 and passage 2 pulses and pulsewidth all can independent regulation, the frequency of two passages is identical, and on sequential, separate, after each of each passage stimulates electric pulse output, through producing a reverse low amplitude pulse after the short time time-delay (about 200uS), realize stimulating the charge balance of target spot, avoid the tissue of target spot is produced damage.The short time effect of time-delay is that boost pulse is fully acted on target spot, avoids causing weakening of stimulation physiological effect.
As shown in Figure 3, in a kind of embodiment of the present invention, the hardware circuit of stimulator 1 is formed and is mainly comprised microcontroller 4, pulse output module 5, power management module 6, communication module 7, battery 9 etc.Wherein:
Microcontroller 4 is control cores of stimulator circuitry, specifically controls function to be: control impuls output module 5 produces electric pulse output; Monitoring and control Charge Management and holding circuit 18 duties; Control communication module 7 is carried out radio communication and parameter setting with external control appliance; The action of monitoring reed switch 8 realizes the control function of external magnet to stimulator.
The integrated high capacity FLASH memorizer of using as program storage in the microcontroller 4, and supporting from the programming operation, by design, the program of microcontroller 4 can by with the vitro program controlled instrument wireless two-way communication, realize online updating.
Pulse output module 5 is used to produce voltage or the current impulse that two-way is set, and mainly is made up of DC-DC circuit 11, output channel and polarity selecting circuit 12, pulse output control circuit 13, charge balance circuit 14, electrode impedance measuring circuit 15 etc.Wherein DC-DC circuit 11 not only can boost but also can blood pressure lowering, output voltage range 0～10V, and the electric current fan-out capability is not less than 10mA; Output channel and polarity selecting circuit 12 link to each other with 11 outputs of DC-DC circuit, select two different electric energy storage capacitor to charge and pulse output by microcontroller 4, and set the output polarity combination of each passage by microcontroller 4; Charge balance circuit 14 is used to produce the pulse signal reverse with boost pulse, realizes avoiding damaging the target spot tissue to stimulating forward and reverse charge balance of target spot; Electrode impedance measuring circuit 15 obtains the pulse output current information by the voltage that AD gathers sampling resistor, by calculating inter-electrode impedance.
Communication module 7 is carried out two-way wireless communication by microcontroller 4 controls with external control appliance, mainly is made up of signal transmission circuit 20, signal receiving circuit 21, emission/receiving coil 22 etc.Signal emission and the shared same communication coil of reception.The sinusoidal wave form modulation signal of PPM coding and decay is adopted in communication, and the efficient height is low in energy consumption.
Rechargeable battery 9 is an implantable medical device-specific battery, can be disposable battery or Li-Ion rechargeable battery, as the 9086 type one-shot batteries or the R2793 type rechargeable lithium ion batteries of U.S. WGT company.
Shown in Figure 4, be a kind of concrete voltage-type pulse output realization schematic diagram of pulse output module 5.DC-DC circuit 11 is made up of devices such as field effect transistor, Schottky diode, inductance, comparators, can carry out controlled energy delivery for output capacitance by control module 23 controls; Capacitor C 1 and C2 are respectively the electric energy storage capacitor of two passages, are used to produce the potential pulse output of two passages, the break-make of switch SW 1 and SW2 difference control capacitance C1 and C2 and DC-DC circuit and output loop; The conducting of field effect transistor M1 control loop produces the pulse output of setting; Switch SW 3 is used to control charge balance.
Shown in Figure 5, be a kind of concrete current mode pulse output realization schematic diagram of pulse output module 5.Capacitor C 3 is used for store electrical energy, and transistor Q1 produces the current impulse of setting, and the current impulse amplitude is controlled by the gate source voltage Vbe that sets transistor Q1, and voltage Vbe is produced by DA output.Make capacitor C 3 both end voltage satisfy current impulse output needs by current sample feedback control DC-DC circuit.
Implanted small product size and limit, the design principle of circuit hardware is simple and reliable, and voltage-type pulse output of the present invention adopts one road DC-DC to realize the different amplitude voltage pulse signals of output two-way, needs more complicated sequencing contro.Potential pulse output circuit sequencing contro shown in Figure 4 as shown in Figure 6, the dual pathways adopts timesharing output control, time t0～t0 ' section is pulse interval of the dual pathways, wherein time t0～t3 section is the passage 1 pulse output control time, and time t3～t0 ' section is the passage 2 pulses output control times.At t0 constantly, switch SW 1 is connected SW2 turn-off, capacitor C 1 is connected with DC-DC circuit and output loop, starts the DC-DC circuit and DAOUT is made as passage 1 amplitude respective value, give the storage capacitor C1 charging of passage 1, this moment, output voltage V out equaled capacitor C 1 voltage Vc1; At t1 constantly, capacitor C 1 both end voltage reaches the output amplitude of setting, closes the DC-DC circuit, and output polarity is made as the polarity of passage 1 correspondence, connects M1, turn-offs SW3, produces the output of passage 1 boost pulse; At t2 constantly, turn-off M1, SW3 is connected in the time-delay back, closes boost pulse, produces the reversed charge equalizing pulse; At t3 constantly, switch SW 1 is turn-offed SW2 connect, capacitor C 2 is connected with DC-DC circuit and output loop, starts the DC-DC circuit and DAOUT is made as passage 2 amplitude respective value, give the storage capacitor C2 charging of passage 2, this moment, output voltage V out equaled capacitor C 2 voltage Vc2; At t4 constantly, capacitor C 2 both end voltage reach the output amplitude of setting, close the DC-DC circuit, and output polarity is made as the polarity of passage 2 correspondences, connect M1, turn-off SW3, produce the output of passage 2 boost pulses; At t5 constantly, turn-off M1, SW3 is connected in the time-delay back, closes boost pulse, produces the reversed charge equalizing pulse.
Current impulse output circuit sequencing contro shown in Figure 5 as shown in Figure 7, the dual pathways adopts timesharing output control, time t0～t0 ' section is pulse interval of the dual pathways, wherein time t0～t3 section is the passage 1 pulse output control time, and time t3～t0 ' section is the passage 2 pulses output control times.At t0 constantly, start the DC-DC circuit and DAOUT is made as passage 1 required voltage respective value, give storage capacitor C3 charging, output voltage V out equals capacitor C 3 voltage Vc3; At t1 constantly, close the DC-DC circuit, output polarity is made as the polarity of passage 1 correspondence, the Vbe of Q1 adds the voltage of upper channel 1 current amplitude correspondence, turn-offs SW4, produces the output of passage 1 boost pulse; At t2 constantly, turn-off Q1, SW4 is connected in the time-delay back, closes boost pulse, produces the reversed charge equalizing pulse; At t3 constantly, start the DC-DC circuit once more and DAOUT is made as passage 2 required voltage respective value, give storage capacitor C3 charging, output voltage V out equals capacitor C 3 voltage Vc3; At t4 constantly, close the DC-DC circuit, output polarity is made as the polarity of passage 2 correspondences, the Vbe of Q1 adds the voltage of upper channel 2 current amplitude correspondences, turn-offs SW4, produces the output of passage 2 boost pulses; At t5 constantly, turn-off Q1, SW4 is connected in the time-delay back, closes boost pulse, produces the reversed charge equalizing pulse.
By the description of the drawings and specific embodiments, from output waveform, circuit theory, and sequential control several aspects and describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.Aforesaid way is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of double-channel embedded nerve stimulator disclosed by the invention, be easy to expect it is made amendment or be equal to replacement, be applied to various implantation medical equipment system, and be not limited only to the described system structure of the specific embodiment of the invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (9)
1, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator is characterized in that, described stimulator comprises microcontroller, dual pathways impulse output circuit, telecommunication circuit, battery, electric power management circuit:
(1) microcontroller, inside is integrated with:
Program storage is supported to be used to store the software of microcontroller from the programming operation;
The digital-analog signal transducer;
Digital to Analog Converter;
Intervalometer;
(2) dual pathways impulse output circuit, contain: DC-DC circuit, output channel and polarity selecting circuit, pulse output control circuit, charge balance circuit, electrode impedance measuring circuit, wherein:
The DC-DC circuit comprises inductance, switching tube, diode, comparator, produces control signal control DC-DC circuit working by described microcontroller, and described DC-DC circuit feeds back to described microcontroller by comparator with output voltage simultaneously, forms closed loop control;
Output channel and polarity selecting circuit comprise analog switch and output capacitance, and stimulator has the two-way output signal, and every road output signal selects shell and 4 electrodes to carry out combinations of polarities output respectively;
The pulse output control circuit is made up of switching device, is used to produce voltage or current impulse output;
The charge balance circuit is made up of charge balance electric capacity and switching device, by microprocessor controls, realizes stimulating the charge balance of target spot;
The electrode impedance measuring circuit by the voltage signal on the described analogue-to-digital converters measurement current sampling resistor, thereby calculates electrode impedance;
(3) telecommunication circuit is made up of communication coil, signal transmission circuit, signal receiving circuit;
(4) battery;
(5) electric power management circuit, electric power management circuit links to each other with battery.
2, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dual pathways impulse output circuit produces voltage-type pulse signal or current mode pulse signal, and the amplitude of pulse signal, pulsewidth and frequency are regulated by vitro program controlled instrument.
3, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described voltage or current impulse output comprises the treatment pulse, and each treatment pulse output heel with a reversed charge equalizing pulse.
4, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described battery is a disposable battery, and described electric power management circuit comprises mu balanced circuit, battery voltage sampling circuit.
5, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described battery is a rechargeable battery, and described electric power management circuit comprises charge coil, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, Charge Management and holding circuit, mu balanced circuit, battery voltage sampling circuit.
6, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described charge coil is flat air core coil or magnetic core coil.
7, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the software of described microcontroller carries out online updating by vitro program controlled instrument.
8, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described battery is 9086 type one-shot batteries of U.S. WGT company.
9, double-channel embedded nerve stimulator according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described battery is a R2793 type rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
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