Summary of the invention
For the existing problem of existing vertical axis aerogenerator, the invention provides the closeable vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of wind wheel blade.
The technological scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of vertical axis aerogenerator, comprise back shaft and wind wheel, described back shaft is perpendicular to ground, described wind wheel sense of rotation is parallel to the ground, described wind wheel is connected with described back shaft, wherein, described wind wheel comprises the flat supporting part that pair of parallel arranges, and described a pair of supporting part cross-section center is provided with through hole;
Described back shaft shape of cross section mates with the through hole of described a pair of supporting part cross-section center, described back shaft inserts the through hole of described a pair of supporting part cross-section center, and run through described a pair of supporting part, the supporting part that title is positioned at described back shaft top is upper supporting part, and the supporting part that is positioned at described back shaft bottom is lower support parts;
Between described a pair of supporting part, be provided with strip blade, described blade has multi-disc, described multi-disc blade one end be connected with described upper supporting part and connection part to be uniformly distributed in described upper supporting part cross section circumferential, the other end be connected with described lower support parts and connection part to be uniformly distributed in described lower support part cross section circumferential;
Described strip blade comprises upper-end surface, lower end surface, windward side and wind-receiving face;
The upper-end surface of described multi-disc blade surrounds all wire shaped of described upper supporting part cross section in windward side one side line, and described multi-disc blade lower end surface surrounds all wire shaped of described lower support part cross section in windward side one side line;
The wind-receiving face of described multi-disc blade surrounds cavity, and described cavity holds described back shaft, and does not hinder described back shaft freely to rotate;
Every blade in described multi-disc blade and described upper supporting part and described lower support parts connection part have whirligig;
In described whirligig, be provided with positioning element, described positioning element locks described whirligig.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, the flat supporting part of described pair of parallel setting is that ring and size are identical, described blade is cylindrical body;
Described ring supporting part is divided into and identical decile of the described multi-disc number of blade with many bisectrixs that connect its cylindrical and inner circle, get a wherein bisectrix and be called current bisectrix, the intersection point of described current bisectrix and described ring supporting part cylindrical is called the exterior node of described current bisectrix, the anticlockwise previous forward nodal point that is called described current bisectrix by other bisectrixs exterior node forming crossing with described cylindrical of the exterior node of described the above current bisectrix of ring supporting part cylindrical;
The arbitrary end face of described cylindrical body comprises head and afterbody, described head is circular, the exradius that described rounded nose diameter equals described ring supporting part deducts the poor of interior circle radius, the center of circle of described rounded nose is positioned at a described bisectrix mid point, the cylindrical body that claims an end face rounded nose to be positioned at described current bisectrix mid point is current cylindrical body, this end face is for working as front-end face, claim current cylindrical body along ring supporting part anticlockwise described in first cylindrical body be the second cylindrical body, claim that current cylindrical body is the 3rd cylindrical body along anticlockwise second the described cylindrical body of ring supporting part, the exterior node of described current bisectrix is connected and is called external arc with the forward nodal point of described current bisectrix by a circular arc, do a circle, make this circle and described described rounded nose when front-end face circumscribed, with described the second cylindrical body and the described rounded nose inscribe described end face when in front-end face same plane, and circumscribed with the described rounded nose with the described end face when in front-end face same plane of described the 3rd cylindrical body, point of contact to the forward nodal point of described current bisectrix with this circle and the described described rounded nose when front-end face intercepts circular arc, claim that this section of circular arc is interior circular arc, described external arc and described interior circular arc are crossing in the forward nodal point place of described current bisectrix forms the described afterbody when front-end face, described outer arc radius equates with described ring supporting part exradius, described external arc and described interior circular arc and described rounded nose surround the described front-end face of working as from the described current bisectrix exterior node circular arc that extremely described interior circular arc and described rounded nose point of contact place intercept clockwise,
The rounded nose center of circle of described arbitrary cylindrical body upper and lower end face and adjacent described supporting part are hinged, and described arbitrary cylindrical body is take the circle center line connecting of the rounded nose of upper and lower end face described in it as axle pivotable.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, described arbitrary cylindrical body and described supporting part hinge point are provided with the driven gear with described cylindrical body interlock, described driven gear is parallel to described supporting part, and concentric with the rounded nose of arbitrary end face of cylindrical body under it, described back shaft is provided with actuation gear, and described driven gear engages with described actuation gear.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, described wind wheel has multiple, and described multiple wind wheels are concentric, and described multiple wind wheel sense of rotation are parallel to each other, and described multiple wind wheels are with identical angular velocity rotation.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, also comprises generator, and described generator is placed in described back shaft bottom, and described generator is connected with described wind wheel by driving mechanism.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, also comprises generator, and described generator comprises rotor and stator, and described rotor is formed by described wind wheel, and described stator is located on described back shaft.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, described multiple wind wheels are close to mutually in Vertical direction.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, the supporting part size of described multiple wind wheels is identical, the number of blade difference of described multiple wind wheels.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, the number of blade in the wind wheel of the topmost part in described multiple wind wheels is 2, down the number of blade of each wind wheel increases by 1 successively.
Above-mentioned vertical axis aerogenerator, wherein, described wind wheel has 5,6 or 7.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. wind wheel blade can be opened, and can close, and cylindrical after closing, blowing area is little, in the time that wind-force is excessive, can protect wind wheel.
2. changed the natural frequency of single wind wheel structure, every layer of harmonic component phase mutual interference that wind wheel rotation produces, hinders resonance and occurs, and between the wind wheel blade of different wind wheels, air-flow is interfering with each other simultaneously, has hindered exciting generation, and the wind wheel life-span is extended.
3. generator can be placed in to ground or lower position maintains easily.
4. can be designed to internal rotor or external rotor forms of electricity generation, flexible structure.
5. up big and down small wind wheel system can more effectively utilize wind energy, simultaneously, because the turning radius of nearlyer wind wheel is overhead less, makes can be utilized within a certain height near the soil of wind-driven generator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, but not as limiting to the invention.
A kind of vertical axis aerogenerator of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, comprise back shaft 1 and wind wheel 2, back shaft 1 is perpendicular to ground, wind wheel 2 sense of rotation are parallel to the ground, wind wheel 2 is connected with back shaft 1, wherein, wind wheel 2 comprises the flat supporting part 21 that pair of parallel arranges, and a pair of supporting part 21 cross-section center are provided with through hole 211;
Back shaft 1 shape of cross section mates 211 with the through hole of a pair of supporting part 21 cross-section center, back shaft 1 inserts the through hole 211 of a pair of supporting part 21 cross-section center, and run through a pair of supporting part 21, the supporting part 21 that title is positioned at back shaft 1 top is upper supporting part 2101, and the supporting part 21 that is positioned at back shaft 1 bottom is lower support parts 2102;
Between a pair of supporting part 21, be provided with strip blade 22, blade 22 has multi-disc, multi-disc blade 22 one end be connected with upper supporting part 2101 and connection part to be uniformly distributed in upper supporting part 2102 cross sections circumferential, the other end be connected with lower support parts 2101 and connection part to be uniformly distributed in described lower support part cross section circumferential;
Strip blade 22 comprises upper-end surface 2201, lower end surface 2202, windward side 2203 and wind-receiving face 2204;
The upper-end surface 2201 of multi-disc blade 22 surrounds all wire shaped of upper supporting part 2101 cross sections in windward side 2,203 one side lines, and multi-disc blade 22 lower end surfaces 2202 surround 2102 cross sections week of lower support parts wire shaped in windward side 2,203 one side lines;
The wind-receiving face 2204 of multi-disc blade 22 surrounds cavity, and cavity holds back shaft 1, and does not hinder described back shaft 1 freely to rotate;
Every blade 22 in multi-disc blade 22 has whirligig with upper supporting part 2101 and lower support parts 2102 connection parts;
In whirligig, be provided with positioning element, positioning element locking whirligig.
Principle of the present invention is that when multi-disc blade 22 is crowded around by whirligig, whole wind wheel 2 is cylindricality or platform shape, in the time that wind-force is larger, can reduce blowing area, protection wind wheel 2.The present invention can make traditional internal rotor shape generator and also can be made into outer rotor type generator, in the time making inner-rotor type generator, wind wheel 2 rotates and becomes rotor simultaneously with rotating shaft 1, and extra stator is set, while making outer rotor type generator, wind wheel 2 can be set to rotor, rotating shaft 1 is set to stator can realize outer rotor type generator.
Further, the flat supporting part 21 that pair of parallel arranges is that ring and size are identical, and blade 22 is cylindrical body;
Ring supporting part 21 connects its cylindrical 211 with many and is divided into and identical decile of multi-disc blade 22 numbers with the bisectrix of inner circle 212, get a wherein bisectrix and be called current bisectrix 213, the intersection point of current bisectrix 213 and ring supporting part 21 cylindricals 211 is called the exterior node 2131 of current bisectrix 213, the anticlockwise previous forward nodal point 2132 that is called current bisectrix 213 by other bisectrixs exterior node forming crossing with cylindrical 211 of the exterior node 2131 of current bisectrix 213 on ring supporting part 21 cylindricals 211;
The arbitrary end face of cylindrical body comprises head 2211 and afterbody 2212, head 2211 is circular, cylindrical 211 radiuses that rounded nose 2211 diameters equal ring supporting part 21 deduct the poor of inner circle 212 radiuses, the center of circle of rounded nose 2211 is positioned at a bisectrix mid point, the cylindrical body that claims an end face rounded nose 2211 to be positioned at current bisectrix 213 mid points is current cylindrical body 221, this end face is for working as front-end face 2210, claim that current cylindrical body 221 is the second cylindrical body 222 along anticlockwise first cylindrical body of ring supporting part 21, claim that current cylindrical body is the 3rd cylindrical body 223 along anticlockwise second cylindrical body of ring supporting part 21, the exterior node 2131 of current bisectrix 213 is connected and is called external arc 2213 with the forward nodal point of current bisectrix 213 by a circular arc, do a circle, make this circle circumscribed with the rounded nose 2211 when front-end face 2210, with the second cylindrical body 222 and rounded nose 2211 inscribes when end face in front-end face 2210 same planes, and circumscribed with the rounded nose 2211 with the end face when in front-end face 2210 same planes of the 3rd cylindrical body 223, intercept circular arc with this circle and point of contact 2133 to the forward nodal point 2132 of current bisectrix 213 of the rounded nose 2211 when front-end face 2210, claim that this section of circular arc is interior circular arc 2214, external arc 2213 is worked as the afterbody 2212 of front-end face 2210 in the crossing formation in forward nodal point 2132 places of current bisectrix 213 with interior circular arc 2214, external arc 2213 radiuses equate with ring supporting part 21 cylindrical 211 radiuses, external arc 2213 surrounds when front-end face 2210 from the clockwise circular arc to interior circular arc 2214 and rounded nose 2211 point of contact 2133 places interceptings of current bisectrix 213 exterior nodes 2131 with interior circular arc 2214 and rounded nose 2211,
Rounded nose 2211 centers of circle of arbitrary cylindrical body upper and lower end face and adjacent supporting part 21 are hinged, and arbitrary cylindrical body is take the circle center line connecting of the rounded nose 2211 of its upper and lower end face as axle pivotable.
The cylindrical body structure of blade 22 is played a supporting role to a pair of ring supporting part 21 simultaneously, especially the cylindrical shape that the position of the rounded nose 2211 of cylindrical body upper and lower end face forms, can effectively support a pair of ring supporting part 21, share the stressed of back shaft 1, extend the working life of back shaft 1, and be designed to the occasion of external rotor, coil or permanent magnet can be set in back shaft 1, because cylindrical body has been shared the stressed of back shaft 1, the requirement of supporting axle 1 in intensity reduced, make the design of whole generator more flexible.
Foregoing description is to be based upon on the basis that wind wheel 2 clockwise rotates, 2 of wind wheels that rotate counterclockwise need be defined as the forward nodal point of above-mentioned current bisectrix 213 2132 clockwise last bisectrix in the intersection point of ring supporting part 21 cylindricals 211, the direction of the second cylindrical body 222 and the 3rd cylindrical body 223 are defined in to clockwise direction simultaneously.
Further, arbitrary cylindrical body and supporting part 21 hinge point are provided with the driven gear 23 with cylindrical body interlock, driven gear 23 is parallel to supporting part 21, and concentric with the rounded nose of arbitrary end face of cylindrical body under it, back shaft 1 is provided with actuation gear 11, and driven gear 23 engages with actuation gear 11.
Above mode of execution can drive back shaft 1 to rotarily drive actuation gear 11 by a drive unit, and then drive driven gear 23 to rotate, driven gear 23 is with moving vane 22 transmissions, realize blade 11 foldings, because blade 22 two ends are all provided with driven gear 23, stressed even can make blade 22 folding like this time, also steadily folding in the time that blade 22 longitudinal sizes are very large.
Further, above-mentioned mode of execution can also be modified into, directly drive actuation gear 11 with drive unit, drive direct actuation gear 11 with drive unit, back shaft 1 must not be rotated, can realize blade 22 foldings, because wind-driven generator is generally highly larger, back shaft 1 is conventionally all longer, drives back shaft 1 rotation to consume compared with multiple-energy-source, extra drive unit is set and drives actuation gear 11 can save the energy to avoid back shaft 1 to produce wearing and tearing because of rotation simultaneously.Can also increase control gear and induction installation; control gear is connected with drive unit; induction installation is connected with control gear; after induction installation induction wind speed, transmission of signal is to control gear; control gear is adjusted the folding angle of blade 22 according to current wind speed CCE, make the present invention can improve wind energy utilization efficiency and effectively protect wind wheel 2 simultaneously.
Further, on driven gear 23, positioning pin hole 231 can be set, the positioning pin 24 of mating 231 with positioning pin hole can be set on supporting part 21, also comprise expansion device, expansion device is connected with positioning pin 24, and expansion device is connected with control gear.Expansion device control positioning pin 24 is stretched out or retracts, when stretching out, positioning pin 24 inserts in the positioning pin hole 231 on driven gear 23, driven gear 23 cannot be rotated, and then locking blade 22 is to realize the function of location, when positioning pin 24 is retracted, moving gear 23 unlocks blade 22 is rotated, and is made the locking of blade 22 and is unlocked and can long-rangely realize by the action of control gear control expansion device.Positioning pin hole 231 can arrange multiple, and multiple positioning pin holes 231 are take driven gear 23 axle cores 230 as the circular of the center of circle and are distributed on driven gear 23.Multiple positioning pin holes 231 that circular distribution is set make blade 22 can be multiple angles location, positioning pin 24 also can arrange multiple, multiple positioning pins 24 can make stressed uniform distribution in the time that blade 22 is located, and extend the working life of single positioning pin 24.Positioning pin 24 is cylindrical, in positioning pin hole 231 on cylindrical insertion driven gear 23, the longitudinal cross-section of positioning pin 24 can be made into trapezoidal, or the part of cylindrical insertion positioning pin hole 231 is made to hemisphere, can facilitate like this positioning pin hole 231 and positioning pin 24 contrapositions, occur with the situation of avoiding positioning pin 24 in the situation of driven gear 23 and actuation gear long appearance skew 11 service times cannot stretch into positioning pin hole 231.
Further, wind wheel 2 can arrange multiple, multiple wind wheels 2 are concentric, multiple wind wheel 2 sense of rotation are parallel to each other, multiple wind wheels 2 are with identical angular velocity rotation, the blade 22 that multiple wind wheels 2 are each wind wheels 2 is set needn't be long, can reduce the difficulty of processing of blade 22, improves the intensity of blade 22 simultaneously.On this basis, multiple wind wheels 2 in Vertical direction be mutually close to and supporting part 21 size of each wind wheel 2 identical, blade 22 numbers of multiple wind wheels 2 are different, wherein the blade of superposed wind wheel 2 can be less than the blade of the wind wheel 2 that is positioned at bottom, the present invention can following form implement on the basis of the above, blade 22 numbers that are positioned at the wind wheel 2 of the topmost part are 2, down blade 22 numbers of each wind wheel 2 increase by 1 successively, wind wheel can arrange 5-7, the cylindrical body of blade 22 has played supporting effect to a pair of supporting part 21 of wind wheel 2, the cylindrical body of the blade 22 of each wind wheel 2 plays a supportive role to the supporting part 21 of adjacent wind wheel 2 again, whole wind wheel system structure is strengthened, the blade 22 of the wind wheel 2 in rotating shaft 1 below is more than the wind wheel 2 in rotating shaft 1 top simultaneously, because the blade 22 of each wind wheel 2 surrounds the cylindrical body that diameter is identical after closing up, turning radius after the blade 22 of the wind wheel 2 of blade more than 22 is opened is less than the wind wheel 2 that blade 22 is few, and then make the big up and small down form of whole wind wheel system, because liftoff higher wind-force is larger, up big and down small wind wheel system can more effectively utilize wind energy, simultaneously because the turning radius of nearlyer wind wheel is overhead less, make can be utilized within a certain height near the soil of wind-driven generator, on this basis, the blade 22 number differences that comprise due to each wind wheel 2, make the natural frequency difference of each wind wheel 2, the harmonic component phase mutual interference that when multiple wind wheels 2 rotate, each wind wheel 2 rotations produce, the frequency that makes each wind wheel 2 produce resonance changes, simultaneously, the blade 22 number differences that comprise due to each wind wheel 2, the air-flow phase mutual interference that the wind wheel blade 22 of multiple wind wheels 2 different wind wheel 2 in the time rotating with same angular velocity is produced, thus the generation of pneumatic exciting hindered.Although above-mentioned mode of execution a little less than the vertical axis aerogenerator of single wind wheel structure, but can extend the life-span of wind turbines rotor on wind energy utilization, reduce to weigh and make because copying the energy that wind turbines rotor consumes.
Further, also comprise generator, generator is placed in the bottom of back shaft 1, and generator is connected with wind wheel 2 by driving mechanism.Generator can be placed in to ground, or even underground, be connected with wind wheel 2 by transmission device, generator position is reduced to maintenance and the maintenance that can facilitate generator, under this mode of execution, be not suitable for being designed to the occasion of external rotor type wind-driven generator.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not thereby limit claim of the present invention, so the equivalent structure that all utilizations specification of the present invention and diagramatic content have been done changes, be all included in protection scope of the present invention.