CN103429504A - 可断裂的容器 - Google Patents
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- CN103429504A CN103429504A CN201280011323XA CN201280011323A CN103429504A CN 103429504 A CN103429504 A CN 103429504A CN 201280011323X A CN201280011323X A CN 201280011323XA CN 201280011323 A CN201280011323 A CN 201280011323A CN 103429504 A CN103429504 A CN 103429504A
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Abstract
在此披露了一种沿着破裂路径可断裂的容器,该容器在该破裂路径附近具有总体上恒定的壁厚度。为了提供一个特定的破裂路径而不降低该容器的结构完整性,该容器的本体被配置成沿着该破裂路径使应力集中。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种容器,并且更具体地涉及一种为了打开的可断裂的容器。
背景技术
容器是由不同材料制成的,包括玻璃、金属以及塑料。近来,塑料容器由于其轻质构造和低成本而受到喜爱。具体地说,塑料容器可以由已知的模制工艺和热成型工艺制成。为了经受住船运、装卸和储存,该塑料应当是坚固的。当今优选的塑料包括PET和高抗冲聚苯乙烯。具体地说,对这些塑料进行选择以便在施加预料到的和未预料到的力时防止断裂。
许多已知的被密封容器包括限定了用于接纳材料的腔室的一个本体以及用于密封该腔室的一个盖或盖件。在某些容器中,该盖件通过一种机械互联(如卡扣配合连接或螺纹连接)而被连接到该本体上。在其他容器中,该盖件可以通过黏合剂和热封法而被连接到该本体上。在这些容器的一些中,该盖件可以被容易地从该本体上移除以便允许触及所储存的材料。然而,对于小的容器,移除该盖件可能是困难的。
其他容器可以被配置成使得盖件保持连接在本体上,并且该本体可以在施加力时断裂。为了提供一个可断裂的开口而维持由PET或高抗冲聚苯乙烯制成的容器的总体强度,该容器的其中一个壁将具有一个削弱的区段、例如该壁的一个削薄的壁区段或多个穿孔。
包括削弱区段的塑料容器通常是通过一种基本的模制过程制成的,因为壁的厚度在该模制过程中可以改变。其他带有削弱区段的塑料容器是热成型而成,其中该削弱区段是由切削或穿孔造成的。由于与热成型的容器相关联的减小的壁厚度,该削弱区段在这些容器的总体上平坦区段上产生以使得可以维持一个最小壁厚度,由此提供了一种结构稳定性措施而同时将一个区段削弱成是充分可断裂的。
该削弱区段允许这个包装沿着该容器本体的大部分维持在PET或高抗冲聚苯乙烯中固有的结构完整性。然而,通过削弱该容器本体的一个区段,该容器可能会由于施加在该容器本体上的力或者由于该容器中的内部压力而受到不希望的损害,从而得到被解除密封的容器。
为了降低采用削弱区段的影响,已知的热成型容器将该削弱区段定位成沿着一个拐角或者该容器的其他较小区段延伸。这个最小化的削弱区段所产生的小的开口不会使储存在腔室中的产品在重力作用下自由流动。虽然这样有助于降低从该腔室中不希望的分发,但使用者必须挤压或者使该容器变形,而不是简单地倾斜该容器就分发内容物。
许多容器包括一个内部涂层或层以便对内容物提供进一步的保护。尽管对于有待储存在该容器中的特定材料或者特定环境而言这些涂层是有效的,但这些涂层并不旨在适应由这个削弱的壁区段导致的该容器本体的受损的完整性。
附图说明
图1是一个容器的透视图;
图2是图1的容器的一个中间部分的放大透视图;
图3是图1的容器被使用者握紧时的透视图;
图4是图1的容器的侧面立视图并且是示出该容器的中性轴沿其长度的相对位置的一个曲线图;
图5是图1的容器的中间部分的一个放大的侧面立视图;
图6是图1的容器的中间部分的一个放大的侧面立视图,示出了一个部分断裂的本体;
图7是图1的容器的一个中间部分的侧面立视图的放大截面视图;
图8是图1的容器的一个中间部分在该容器上施加力的情况下的侧面立视图的放大截面视图;
图9是图1的容器的一个中间部分的侧面立视图的放大截面视图,示出了由于在该容器上施加力所导致的一个断裂的下表面;
图10A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图10B是图10A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图11A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图11B是图11A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图12A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图12B是图12A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图13A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图13B是图13A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图14A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图14B是图14A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图15A是图1的容器的一个侧面立视图;
图15B是图15A的容器的一个端面立视图的截面视图;
图16A是图1的容器的平面视图;
图16B是图16A的容器的一个侧面立视截面图;
图17是图1的容器沿着弯曲部处的端面立视截面图,示出了一个成角的楔形轮廓和中性轴;
图18是图1的容器沿着弯曲部处的端面立视截面图,示出了一个替代的修圆的楔形轮廓和中性轴;
图19是图1的容器沿着弯曲部处的端面立视的截面图,示出了一个带有乳头部的替代的修圆的楔形轮廓和该中性轴;
图20是应力与距中性轴的距离y的线性关系的比较图;
图21是在该容器本体包括多个减轻张力的肋的情况下应力与距中性轴的距离y的线性关系的比较图;
图22是图1的容器的一个中间部分的侧面立视图的放大截面视图,示出了通过一个壁部分的突出部与另一个壁部分的摩擦接合而重新闭合的一个断裂的本体。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了用于将可分发的物品密封在一个腔室中的一个容器2。容器2包括一个本体4,该本体限定了用于接纳这些可分发的物品的腔体。本体4的上边缘6限定了该腔室的一个开口。容器2的一个凸缘8从本体4的上边缘6延伸。凸缘8的上表面10具有一个总体上平坦的表面以用于将一个盖件12附加到其上。本体4和盖件12提供了用于储存这些可分发的物品的一种密封环境。为了容易触及这些物品,容器2在其宽度14上沿着一个特定的破裂路径16是可断裂的。为了确保该容器中的被密封环境的完整性,本体4甚至沿着破裂路径16都具有一个总体上恒定的壁厚度18。
如图1至图3中所示,本体4包括一种狭长结构,尽管其他结构是想得到的。本体4包括两个相反的末端20和22,一个中间部分24被定位在这些相反末端20与22之间。如图1至图9中所示,破裂路径16被定位在本体4的中间部分24之中。如图3中所示,本体4包括从第一末端20延伸到破裂路径16的一个手柄部分26、以及从第二末端22延伸到破裂路径16的一个远端部分28。手柄部分26被配置成由使用者握紧以允许实现对容器2的单手操作和使用。远端部分28的一个可接合表面30被配置成与使用者(例如使用者的拇指)接合以便在本体4的远端部分28上施加一个开启力从而使得本体4沿破裂路径16断裂。如图3中所示,可接合表面30是与手柄部分26的下表面31偏离的并且是弧形的,例如近似一个手指,以提供一种符合人体工程学的接合。
如图10A至图16B中所示,在破裂路径16周围的总体上恒定的壁厚度18降低了在填充、装卸以及储存过程中无意损害容器2的完整性的倾向。为了提供增强的结构完整性,容器2被配置成当在本体4的远端部分28的可接合表面30上施加力时使得在一个基础表面32处沿着容器2的破裂路径16的应力最大。
具体地说,如图1、图2、以及图4至图9中所示,本体4包括一个弯曲部34,该弯曲部在本体4的宽度14上延伸并且限定了该破裂路径16。除此之外,如图1和图2中所示,容器2还包括在本体4的中间部分24中的一个楔形轮廓36以及凸缘8的邻接该破裂路径16的一个扩大的凸缘部分38。
本体4的弯曲部34是通过热成型工艺提供的。可以通过弯折一个预成型的本体来提供折痕而提供一个类似的弯曲部。然而,弯折可能不是优选的,因为弯折可能沿该弯曲部产生应力,这可能降低本体4的总体强度并且可能导致不希望的断裂。相比之下,热成型的弯曲部34不会对本体4造成额外的应力。
在对远端部分28的可接合表面30施加力时,本体4的弯曲部34在弯曲部34的基础表面32上沿着本体4的外表面33提供额外的应力。如图7至图9所示,在对可接合表面30施加力时弯曲部34变直。具体地说,图7示出了在不施加力时本体4的截面。如图8中所示,当对可接合表面30施加力时,弯曲部34的基础表面32处于张力下,从而在本体4上产生应力。如图9中所示,一旦沿着基础表面32的应力超过了使弯曲部34变直所需要的张力,弯曲部34就会变直并且沿着弯曲部34的基础表面32形成一个裂痕40。一旦断裂,弯曲部34就限定了解理撕裂沿其蔓延的该破裂路径16。引发断裂所需要的力大于使撕裂沿破裂路径16蔓延所需要的力。其结果是,容器2能够经受住较高的应力并且维持一种被密封状态,但是一旦容器2已经断裂则允许容易地打开。
弯曲部34包括由本体4的位于弯曲部34的各侧上的壁部分42和44所限定的一个角度∝。角度∝被配置成用于促进沿着弯曲部34的断裂。具体地说,在使弯曲部34变直时一个较大的角度∝沿弯曲部34提供了增大的应力。为了提供所希望的增大的应力,角度∝是至少约70度。在某些情况下,角度∝的范围是从约70度到约90度。
如以上指示的,本体4包括用于提高弯曲部34的基础表面32上的应力量的其他特征。在弯曲部34的基础表面32处的应力可以用伯努利-欧拉(Bernoulli-Euler)梁应力方程来表征:
σ-梁部件上的平均应力。
M-由在表面30处施加的力所提供的力关于一个中性轴58的力矩。
y-从中性轴58到失效点的垂直距离,该失效点由一个未断裂的容器2中的弯曲部34的基础表面32表示。
Ix-关于中性轴58的截面二次矩。
本体4包括用于既增大中性轴58与弯曲部34的基础表面32之间的距离y又减小截面二次矩(Ix)的多个特征,确切地说是在所希望的断裂或破裂路径16处。本体4的在破裂路径16附近的楔形轮廓36减少了远离中性轴58设置的材料量。进一步地,本体4的高度在破裂路径16处被降低以便明确地减小截面二次矩(Ix)。
如图4至图6中所示,容器2包括一条中性轴58,沿该中性轴的点不存在纵向应力。更确切地说,在可接合表面30上施加力时,压缩应力作用在容器2的从中性轴58延伸到凸缘8的一个部分60上。进一步地,拉伸应力作用在容器2的从中性轴58延伸到基础表面32的一个部分62上。中性轴58的位置是基于容器2的形状以及质量分布而确定的。如图4中所示,当本体4的形状或几何尺寸改变时,中性轴58的位置沿着容器2的长度变化。如以上描述的,该伯努利-欧拉方程表示了在向可接合表面30施加力时,在容器2的任何给定点处的应力与该点距中性轴58的距离y是成比例的。
为了引导本体4沿破裂路径16断裂,容器2的凸缘8包括沿着中间部分24、邻接该破裂路径16的多个扩大的凸缘部分38。这些扩大的凸缘部分38增大了邻接该破裂路径16的凸缘8相对于本体4的质量。如图4中所示,沿着凸缘8的质量增大使得位于容器2的中间部分24中的中性轴58朝向凸缘8偏移并且离开弯曲部34的基础表面32。其结果是,基础表面32进一步离开中性轴58,由此成比例地增大了在基础表面32处沿着破裂路径16的应力并且减小了克服本体4的拉伸强度所需要的力的量。
当基础表面32断裂并且本体4破裂时,中性轴58朝向凸缘8偏移直到这种破裂到达凸缘8。具体地说,由于与这些扩大的凸缘部分38相关联的质量增大,中性轴58朝向这些扩大的凸缘部分38偏移。中性轴58的这种移动指引了撕裂沿着破裂路径16进行。
如图1、图2、图10B、图11B、图12B以及图13B中所示,本体4的上边缘6包括在破裂路径16的这些末端处的多个向内延伸的部分63。这些向内延伸的部分63对应于凸缘8的这些扩大的部分38,由此提供了本体4的在这些扩大的凸缘部分38之间延伸的一个减小的宽度。
可替代地,想到了提供这个扩大的凸缘部分38的其他配置,包括改变邻接该破裂路径16处的凸缘8的厚度或者进一步向外延伸该凸缘8。进一步地,想到了凸缘8可以从本体4的上边缘6向内延伸,或者进行向内或向外延伸的组合形式。
为了进一步沿破裂路径16来集中应力,如图1、图2以及图17至图19中所示,本体4包括楔形轮廓36。楔形轮廓36提供了基础表面32的一个减小的宽度46,这使得通过在可接合表面30上施加力而产生的应力集中在一个较小的面积中。其结果是,与具有较宽本体的容器相比,减小了产生足以使本体4的弯曲部34变直的应力所需要的力的量。
楔形轮廓36包括沿着破裂路径16该基础表面32的一个顶峰48。如图17中所示,顶峰48可以包括一个成角的构形49以使得宽度46最小化并且由此将应力集中在一个甚至更小的面积上。可替代地,如图18中所示,顶峰48可以包括一个修圆的构形50。这个修圆的构形48也提供了减小的宽度46,该宽度稍微大于这个成角的构形49的宽度。尽管这样需要更大的力来使本体4断裂,但所得到的开口更大并且可以适应对腔室的内容物更快且更容易的分发。
除了减小本体4的基础表面32的宽度46之外,由于与更加方形的轮廓相比而言提供楔形轮廓36所使用的材料减少,楔形轮廓36还影响了中性轴58的位置。其结果是,中性轴58朝向凸缘8并且离开基础表面32发生偏离,由此在对可接合表面30施加力时进一步地增大了沿基础表面32的应力。
顶峰48可以进一步在本体4的修圆的构形48上包括一个乳头部52。如图2和图19最佳所示,乳头部52从这个修圆的构形48延伸以提供一个成角的或几乎成角的乳头部基础表面54。乳头部基础表面54提供的乳头部宽度56会小于这个修圆的构形48的宽度46、但却宽于一个成角的构形49。虽然添加乳头部52可能使中性轴58偏移离开凸缘8,但基础表面32与中性轴58之间的距离y增大了一个更大的量。乳头部52由此导致应力沿着一个更小的面积集中,类似于在一个成角的构形49的情况下所观察的,但却提供了与这个修圆的构形50相关联的一个增大的开口尺寸。
如图1和图2中所示,容器2包括在本体4的手柄部分26上的多个向内伸出的肋64。这些肋64包括开向本体4的一个凹陷部分70的一对间隔开的边缘66和68以及凸缘8的一个相应的加宽区段72。在向可接合表面30施加力时,这些肋64减轻了沿本体4的拉伸应力。具体地说,本体4上的增加的应力促使这些间隔开的边缘66和68彼此远离,由此使肋64的这个凹陷部分70变平。
在缺少这些肋64的情况下,如图20中所示,在沿着本体4的多个单独位置处的应力总体上与距中性轴58的距离y成正比。本体4上的平均应力是横跨本体4宽度在这些单独位置处应力的平均。然而,包括肋64将起到减小沿着本体4在邻近凸缘8处的应力的作用。由于沿着本体4的多个部分处的应力减小,沿着本体4的其他部分处的应力则增大,以使得沿着本体4的平均应力不变。如图21中所示,包括肋64导致应力随着距离y沿一条曲线增长,该曲线与图20中所示线性关系相比更极为类似于一条指数曲线。其结果是,本体4上邻近凸缘8处的应力减小,而在基础表面32处的应力却显著增大。
如图10B中所示,这些肋64的凹陷部分70被配置成使得凸缘8的邻接这些肋64的加宽区段72不宽于凸缘8的邻接该破裂路径16的这些扩大的部分38。如果这些加宽区段72更宽,则中性轴58将会受影响并且裂痕将遵循一条凹凸不齐的路径朝向这些肋64而不是沿着破裂路径16遵循一条预定的平滑路径。
这些肋64进一步地对容器2提供了结构强度以抵抗容器2的塌陷。
如图1至图4中所示,本体4和凸缘8优选地被形成为单一构件。本体4和凸缘8可以由已知的工艺、特别是热成型来形成。本体4和凸缘8优选地是由一种足够结实而能用于装卸、填充以及运输的材料构成。进一步地,该材料必须是足够脆的以便允许本体4沿弯曲部34断裂。优选地,该材料具有低的撕裂蔓延强度而使得在弯曲部34开始断裂之后,解理可以继续而不需要过大的力。具体地说,示例性的材料包括天然的或低抗冲的聚苯乙烯、中等抗冲聚苯乙烯、以及双轴取向的聚苯乙烯。
本体4具有的壁厚度18被选择成用于提供一种可以经受住严酷的填充、分配以及装卸的坚固容器。如以上指示的,壁厚度18在破裂路径16周围保持总体上恒定。在一些实例中,壁厚度18的范围可以是从约0.3mm至约6mm。在其他实例中,壁厚度18的范围可以是从约0.6mm至约1mm。进一步地,在某些情况下可能希望的是具有沿整个本体4总体上恒定的壁厚度,以提供沿容器2的恒定的保护等级。
为了适应储存在容器2中的特定材料或者为了提供额外的保护等级,可以将一个功能性内涂层或层施加在本体4的内表面74上。该内涂层提供了额外的保护,例如用作一种密封剂或隔氧层。当断裂发生并且是在本体4的外表面33上引发时,在本体4的内表面74上添加涂层并不影响断裂过程。这样,该涂层应用的量是为了提供功能特性而不是提供结构支持。
外盖件12是由一种柔韧的材料制成。外盖件12可以在该腔室被填充后通过永久的粘性密封、热焊接、或超声波焊接而被附加到本体4上。该外盖件的材料被选择为一旦弯曲部34断裂则能够用作手柄部分26与远端部分28之间的铰链。这样,外盖件12被选择成在本体4断裂时不发生断裂或破裂。外盖件12可以是与本体4相同或不同的材料。例如,盖件12可以是由一种单层聚合物片材(如聚丙烯)或者由包含例如聚合物、纸或铝箔层的组合的一种叠层材料制成。可以对盖件12进行印刷以标识出储存在容器2中的产品或内容物。
凸缘8可以被配置成当该本体断裂时保持完整并且与盖件12一起用作手柄部分26与远端部分28之间的铰链。在某些情况下,本体4被配置成如在2007年6月29日提交的美国专利申请号11/771,372中披露的是可重新关闭的,特此将该专利申请以其整体结合在此。
例如,这些壁部分42和44可以被配置成用于在本体4断裂之后在其之间提供一种摩擦配合。具体地说,如图22中所示,壁部分44可以包括沿其外表面30延伸的一个突出部76。突出部76可以被配置成接纳在该腔室中并且接合壁部分42的内表面74,由此抵抗远端部分26围绕该铰链的枢转。
虽然通过明确参照具体的方法和产品实施例已经具体说明了本发明,但将理解的是,不同的更改、修改、以及改编可以基于本披露进行、并且旨在位于本发明的如由以下权利要求限定的范围之内。
Claims (14)
1.一种容器,包括:
一个本体,该本体具有至少一个壁,该至少一个壁限定了用于储存可分发的内容物的至少一个腔室;
该本体的一个上边缘,该上边缘限定了用于填充该腔室的一个开口;
一个凸缘,该凸缘沿着该本体的上边缘延伸;
一个盖件,该盖件被附加到该凸缘上以便将这些可分发的内容物密封在该腔室之中;
该本体的壁的一个中间部分的一个弯曲部,在该弯曲部的任何一侧上施加的力超过一个预定水平时该本体即沿着该弯曲部断裂;
该本体的中间部分的一个楔形构形,该楔形构形用于提供该本体的一个减少的宽度,这样使得当在该弯曲部的任何一侧上时施加这个力时应力沿着这个减少的宽度集中;
在该弯曲部处该凸缘的一个扩大的部分,该扩大的部分用于在该弯曲部的任何一侧上施加这个力时使该容器的一条中性轴朝向该凸缘偏移从而沿着该弯曲部提供增大的应力;以及
该本体的壁的、沿着该中间部分的一个总体上恒定的厚度。
2.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该弯曲部包括一个修圆的构形。
3.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该弯曲部总体上限定了至少约70度的角度。
4.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该弯曲部总体上限定了范围从约70度到约90度的角度。
5.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该本体包括与该弯曲部间隔开的一个凹痕,以便在该弯曲部的相反两侧上施加力时减少该本体上的应力。
6.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该凸缘从该本体的上边缘向外延伸。
7.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该凸缘具有一个总体上恒定的厚度。
8.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该本体的上边缘包括一对向内延伸的部分,这些部分对应于该凸缘的扩大的部分。
9.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该楔形构形包括一个成角的部分以减少该中间部分处的宽度。
10.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该楔形构形包括下表面的一个修圆的部分。
11.如权利要求10所述的容器,其中,该楔形构形包括一个乳头部,该乳头部具有的宽度小于这个修圆的部分的一个减少的宽度以便沿着该乳头部集中应力。
12.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该本体包括苯乙烯。
13.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该本体包括选自下组的一种材料,该组由以下各项组成:低抗冲聚苯乙烯、中等抗冲聚苯乙烯以及双轴取向的聚苯乙烯。
14.如权利要求1所述的容器,其中,该本体的整个壁具有一个总体上恒定的厚度。
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2011
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-
2012
- 2012-02-06 BR BR112013022389-8A patent/BR112013022389B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2012-02-06 PL PL12754762T patent/PL2681127T3/pl unknown
- 2012-02-06 KR KR1020137026026A patent/KR101945456B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-02-06 AU AU2012226497A patent/AU2012226497B2/en active Active
- 2012-02-06 ES ES12754762.8T patent/ES2617674T3/es active Active
- 2012-02-06 CN CN201280011323.XA patent/CN103429504B/zh active Active
- 2012-02-06 EP EP12754762.8A patent/EP2681127B1/en active Active
- 2012-02-06 DK DK12754762.8T patent/DK2681127T3/en active
- 2012-02-06 JP JP2013555945A patent/JP6228015B2/ja active Active
- 2012-02-06 HU HUE12754762A patent/HUE033665T2/en unknown
- 2012-02-06 WO PCT/IB2012/000205 patent/WO2012120344A2/en active Application Filing
- 2012-02-06 PT PT127547628T patent/PT2681127T/pt unknown
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CN111194292A (zh) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-05-22 | 斯潘塞·D·萨瑟兰 | 分配装置 |
CN110500166A (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 用于抑制裂纹的j形槽 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2014509994A (ja) | 2014-04-24 |
KR101945456B1 (ko) | 2019-02-07 |
US8485360B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
PT2681127T (pt) | 2017-03-13 |
WO2012120344A3 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
AU2012226497A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
WO2012120344A2 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
CN103429504B (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
US20120223075A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
ES2617674T3 (es) | 2017-06-19 |
JP2017206309A (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
PL2681127T3 (pl) | 2018-01-31 |
AU2012226497B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2681127A2 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
EP2681127B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
DK2681127T3 (en) | 2017-03-06 |
HUE033665T2 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
BR112013022389B1 (pt) | 2020-07-28 |
JP6228015B2 (ja) | 2017-11-08 |
EP2681127A4 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
KR20140016316A (ko) | 2014-02-07 |
BR112013022389A2 (pt) | 2016-12-06 |
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