CN103695515A - Method for preparing Chinese chestnut protein - Google Patents
Method for preparing Chinese chestnut protein Download PDFInfo
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- CN103695515A CN103695515A CN201310589684.9A CN201310589684A CN103695515A CN 103695515 A CN103695515 A CN 103695515A CN 201310589684 A CN201310589684 A CN 201310589684A CN 103695515 A CN103695515 A CN 103695515A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a Chinese chestnut protein. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out supersonic wave fragmentation treatment on a Chinese chestnut powder aqueous solution, carrying out first enzymolysis treatment on the Chinese chestnut powder aqueous solution subjected to supersonic wave fragmentation treatment by cellulase, carrying out second enzymolysis treatment on the first enzymoiysis product by first alpha-amylase, carrying out alkaline extraction treatment on the second enzymolysis product, carrying out first centrifugation treatment on the alkaline extraction product, collecting a supernatant so that an alkaline extraction product solution of protein is obtained conveniently, carrying out third enzymoiysis treatment on the alkaline extraction product solution of the protein by second alpha-amylase, carrying out acid precipitation treatment on the third enzymoiysis product by an isoelectric precipitation method, orderly carrying out standing and second centrifugation treatment on the acid precipitation product so that precipitates can be collected conveniently, and washing the precipitates by water until the precipitates have a pH value of 7 so that the Chinese chestnut protein is obtained conveniently. The method can effectively improve a Chinese chestnut protein extraction ratio, has mild extraction conditions so that protein activity is not destroyed, and can prepare the Chinese chestnut protein having good protein activity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prepare Chinese chestnut method of protein.
Background technology
In Chinese chestnut, contain protein 5%～11%, content is higher than rice, and Methionin, Isoleucine, methionine(Met), halfcystine, Threonine, the amino acid whose content such as α-amino-isovaleric acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine surpass the standard of FAO/WHO, and Methionin is paddy rice, wheat, corn, and the first limiting amino acids of large beans, Threonine is paddy rice, the second limiting amino acid of wheat, tryptophane and methionine(Met) are respectively the second limiting amino acids of corn and beans.As can be seen here, edible Chinese chestnut or the deficiency that directly edible Chinese chestnut protein can supplement limiting amino acid in Cereal and beans, can make the nutritive ingredient of meals more perfect.
Yet present stage extracts preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein and still haves much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The following discovery of the present invention based on contriver completes:
The extracting method of Chinese chestnut albumen is mainly contained to two kinds both at home and abroad, a kind of is traditional buck method, and the shortcoming of this method is that extraction yield is low.Another kind is Subcritical Water Extraction method, and the shortcoming of this method is the sex change that the process of extraction albumen easily causes albumen.
The present invention is intended at least solve one of technical problem existing in prior art.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method of preparing Chinese chestnut albumen that extraction yield is high, protein-active is good.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of preparing Chinese chestnut albumen.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the following steps: the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is carried out to ultrasonic disruption processing, to obtain the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption; Utilize cellulase to carry out the first enzymolysis processing to the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption, to obtain first enzyme hydrolysis products; Utilize the first α-amylase that described first enzyme hydrolysis products is carried out to the second enzymolysis processing, to obtain second enzyme hydrolysis products; Described the second enzymolysis processing product is carried out to alkali and propose processing, to obtain alkali, carry product; Described alkali is carried to product and carry out first centrifugally, and collect supernatant liquor, to obtain protein alkali extract; Utilize the second α-amylase that described protein alkali extract is carried out to the 3rd enzymolysis processing, to obtain the 3rd enzymolysis product; Utilize isoelectric point precipitation that described the 3rd enzymolysis product is carried out to acid heavy, to obtain the heavy product of acid; The heavy product of described acid is carried out successively standing and second centrifugal, to collect to obtain, precipitate; And described precipitation is washed to neutrality, to obtain described Chinese chestnut protein.Contriver is surprised to find, and utilize method of the present invention can effectively extract preparation Chinese chestnut albumen, and Chinese chestnut protein extracting ratio is high, active good.Particularly, method of the present invention utilizes ultrasonic wave and cellulase to carry out the stripping that enzymolysis promotes Chinese chestnut albumen, and utilize enzymolyzing alpha-amylase to destroy the envelope effect of protein (in this article sometimes also by " protein " referred to as " albumen ") and starch, thereby effectively improved the extraction yield of Chinese chestnut albumen, protein extracting ratio can be up to 66%, with respect to traditional method, improved 20%, and in the Chinese chestnut albumen obtaining, protein content can be up to 88%, purity is high, quality is good, and because extraction conditions is gentle, can keep well the activity of Chinese chestnut albumen.
In addition, preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characterictic:
It should be noted that, be applicable to raw material of the present invention and comprise fresh Chinese chestnut, the Chinese chestnut being dried, rice-chestnut powder.The main extraction agent adopting in method of the present invention is deionized water.The content of the kind of raw material, quality and albumen, will produce certain impact to the quality of finished product and yield, but all high than adopting prior art to prepare the efficiency of Chinese chestnut protein, quality better.
According to embodiments of the invention, under 400w ultrasonic power, carry out ultrasonic cell-break and process 6-14min, preferably 10min.Thus, can make cellularstructure loosening, strengthen the action effect of follow-up cellulase.According to embodiments of the invention, the solid-liquid ratio of the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is 1g:15ml.In other words, the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is by rice-chestnut powder and water are obtained according to the ratio mixed preparing of 1g:15ml.Thus, be conducive to stripping and the extraction of follow-up albumen.In addition, it should be noted that, aforesaid rice-chestnut powder can prepare by the following method: selecting without the fresh Chinese chestnut damaging by worms that goes mouldy is raw material, through peeling, section, lyophilize, by pulverizer, pulverizes, and crosses 60 mesh sieves and makes rice-chestnut powder.
According to embodiments of the invention, in 40-60 degree Celsius preferably 50 degrees Celsius, under the preferred pH4.5 condition of pH4-6, carry out described the first enzymolysis processing 5-15min, preferably 10min.Thus, can effectively promote the stripping of Chinese chestnut albumen, and can keep protein-active.According to other embodiment of the present invention, while carrying out described the first enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described cellulase and the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption is 50-150U/g, preferably 100U/g.Thus, can effectively destroy cell walls and promote albumen stripping, be conducive to follow-up protein extraction.
According to embodiments of the invention, in 30-50 degree Celsius preferably 40 degrees Celsius, under the preferred pH6.1 condition of pH5.5-6.5, carry out described the second enzymolysis processing 25-35min, preferably 30min.Thus, can make the effective enzymolysis of chestnut starch, and then can efficient solution remove the envelope of starch to protein, thereby be conducive to albumen stripping.According to other embodiment of the present invention, while carrying out described the second enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described the first α-amylase and described first enzyme hydrolysis products is 80-160U/g, preferably 120U/g.Thus, can effectively improve the enzymolysis efficiency of chestnut starch, remove the envelope of starch to protein, and can keep the activity of protein.
According to preferred exemplary more of the present invention, under 40 degrees Celsius, according to the ratio of 120U/g, utilize the first α-amylase to carry out described the second enzymolysis processing 30min.Thus, amylorrhexis efficiency is high, few to the envelope of protein, and can keep the structure and activity of protein.
According to embodiments of the invention, described alkali is carried processing and is comprised: will described the second enzymolysis processing product carry out pH regulator to pH be 8.0-10.0 preferably 10.0, and in 30-50 degree Celsius, preferably carry out described alkali under 40 degrees Celsius and carry 25-35min, preferred 30min.Thus, can improve the solubility rate of albumen, the alkali that obtains rich in proteins is carried product.According to concrete examples more of the present invention, described the second enzymolysis processing product is carried out to pH regulator to pH10.0, and under 40 degrees Celsius, carry out described alkali and carry 30min.Thus, can make the efficient stripping of albumen.
According to embodiments of the invention, the filter residue obtaining after centrifugal through first can be added after deionized water wash, ultrasonication centrifugally again, then collect supernatant liquor and integrate with described protein alkali extract, to improve the extraction yield of Chinese chestnut albumen.
It should be noted that, contriver's discovery, in protein alkali extract, starch content is still higher, thereby method of the present invention adds amylorrhexis starch wherein in protein alkali extract, so that the separation of albumen.According to embodiments of the invention, in 30-50 degree Celsius preferably 40 degrees Celsius, under the preferred pH6.1 condition of pH5.5-6.5, carry out described the 3rd enzymolysis processing 25-35min, preferably 30min.Thus, can effectively break the envelope effect of starch to albumen, facilitate heavy the carrying out of follow-up acid.According to embodiments of the invention, while carrying out described the 3rd enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described the second α-amylase and described protein alkali extract is 80-160U/g, preferably 120U/g.Thus, chestnut starch dissolved efficiency is high, good to the starch removal effect of envelope Chinese chestnut protein, and can not destroy the activity of protein.
According to embodiments of the invention, described acid is heavy to be carried out under isoelectric pH 4.2 conditions.Thus, can make Chinese chestnut protein effectively precipitate.
According to embodiments of the invention, this is prepared Chinese chestnut method of protein and further comprises described Chinese chestnut albumen is carried out to vacuum lyophilization.Thus, can effectively obtain Chinese chestnut albumen crude extract.Particularly, according to some embodiments of the present invention, utilize vacuum freeze drier to carry out described vacuum lyophilization.Thus, can effectively realize vacuum lyophilization, obtain Chinese chestnut albumen crude extract.
According to concrete examples more of the present invention, preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention can also comprise the following steps: by rice-chestnut powder and water in 1:15(g/mL) ratio dissolves and obtains the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution, then it is carried out under ultrasonic power 400w to ultrasonic disruption and process 10min.Then, in the ratio of 100U/g, in the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption, add cellulase, adjust pH to 4.5, put into 50 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control and stir enzymolysis 10min.Then adjust pH=6.1, add low temperature alpha-amylase, enzyme addition is 120U/g, and at 40 ℃, continue insulated and stirred enzymolysis 30min, then, with 1mol/mLNaOH, adjust after pH to 10.0, put into 40 ℃ of water-bath lixiviate 30min, then, centrifuging and taking supernatant liquor, adjust after the pH to 6.1 of supernatant liquor, enzyme addition by 120U/g adds low temperature alpha-amylase, and at 40 ℃, continue after insulated and stirred enzymolysis 30min, under isoelectric pH 4.2 conditions, carry out acid heavy, centrifuging and taking precipitation, water washing and precipitating obtains Chinese chestnut protein to neutrality, then its vacuum lyophilization is preserved.
It should be noted that; with respect to traditional method; preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention is considered emphatically to protect the structure of Chinese chestnut albumen not to be destroyed when improving Chinese chestnut protein extracting ratio; by the effect of α-amylase, cellulase and ultrasonic cell disruption instrument; promote the stripping of Chinese chestnut albumen; reduced the residual of chestnut starch; and because extraction conditions is gentle; the activity of protein be can effectively keep, thereby follow-up study and the suitability for industrialized production of biological activity and functional protein are conducive to.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage accompanying drawing below combination obviously and is easily understood becoming the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown the schematic flow sheet of preparing according to an embodiment of the invention Chinese chestnut method of protein.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the solution of the present invention is made an explanation.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings be exemplary, only for the present invention is described, and should not be considered as limiting scope of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition in embodiment, according to the described technology of the document in this area or condition or carry out according to product description.The unreceipted person of production firm of agents useful for same or instrument, being can be by the conventional products of commercial acquisition.
General method:
With reference to Fig. 1, according to embodiments of the invention, preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention generally comprises following steps:
First, the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is carried out to ultrasonic disruption processing, to obtain the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption.
Secondly, utilize cellulase to carry out the first enzymolysis processing to the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption, to obtain first enzyme hydrolysis products.
Again, utilize the first α-amylase that described first enzyme hydrolysis products is carried out to the second enzymolysis processing, to obtain second enzyme hydrolysis products.
Then, described the second enzymolysis processing product is carried out to alkali and propose processing, to obtain alkali, carry product.
Next, described alkali is carried to product and carry out first centrifugally, and collect supernatant liquor, to obtain protein alkali extract.
Then, utilize the second α-amylase that described protein alkali extract is carried out to the 3rd enzymolysis processing, to obtain the 3rd enzymolysis product.
Then, utilize isoelectric point precipitation that described the 3rd enzymolysis product is carried out to acid heavy, to obtain the heavy product of acid.
Next, the heavy product of described acid is carried out successively standing and second centrifugal, to collect to obtain, precipitate.
Then, described precipitation is washed to neutrality, to obtain described Chinese chestnut protein.
Embodiment 1
According to foregoing general method, with reference to Fig. 1, according to following steps, prepare Chinese chestnut protein:
Selecting without the fresh Chinese chestnut damaging by worms that goes mouldy is raw material, through peeling, section, lyophilize, by pulverizer, pulverizes, and crosses 60 mesh sieves and makes rice-chestnut powder.Then, by rice-chestnut powder and deionized water according to 1:15(g/mL) ratio dissolve and obtain the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution and be placed in Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor (JAV-IV type Ultrasonic cell smash, Jining City Ao Bo ultrasonic wave Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd), in, under 400w ultrasonic power, process 10min.Then according to the ratio of 100U/g, in the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption, add cellulase (Sigma aldrich company, article No. 22178), adjust again pH to 4.5, proceed to 50 ℃ of thermostat water baths (W201B type thermostat water bath, Shen Shun bio tech ltd, Shanghai) and stir enzymolysis 10min.Then, adjust pH=6.1, add α-amylase (Sigma aldrich company, article No. A1031), enzyme addition is 120U/g, insulated and stirred enzymolysis 30min at 40 ℃.Then, with 1mol/mL NaOH, adjust pH to 10.0, and put into 40 ℃ of water-baths (W201B type thermostat water bath, Shen Shun bio tech ltd, Shanghai) after middle lixiviate 30min, centrifuging and taking supernatant liquor, adjust again supernatant liquor pH to 6.1, then according to the enzyme addition of 120U/g, add α-amylase (Sigma aldrich company, article No. A1031), and at 40 ℃, continue after insulated and stirred enzymolysis 30min, under isoelectric pH 4.2 conditions, carry out acid heavy, then centrifuging and taking precipitates, water washing and precipitating to neutrality obtain Chinese chestnut protein, again by its vacuum lyophilization (Thermo Fisher LL1500 Freeze Drying Equipment, U.S. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.) preserve.
As calculated, Chinese chestnut extraction rate of protein is 66%, and because extraction conditions is gentle, the Chinese chestnut protein-active making is very good.In addition, the protein content that records Chinese chestnut crude protein by Kjeldahl determination (KDY-9830 kjeldahl apparatus, Tong Run source, Beijing electromechanical technology co., Ltd) is 88.43%.
Comparative example 1
Selecting without the fresh Chinese chestnut damaging by worms that goes mouldy is raw material, through peeling, section, lyophilize, by pulverizer, pulverizes, and crosses 60 mesh sieves and makes rice-chestnut powder.Then, utilize traditional buck method, according to the step shown in following flow process, extract preparation Chinese chestnut protein:
Degreasing Chinese chestnut powder → add distilled water to adjust pH to 9.0 → lixiviate 140min under 45 ℃ of water-baths → centrifugal (4000r/min, 10min) → get supernatant liquor → acid heavy (with 1mol/L HCl tune pH to 4.2) → collecting precipitation by material-water ratio 1:15 (g/mL).
Described precipitation is Chinese chestnut albumen, and as calculated, Chinese chestnut protein extracting ratio is 39.69%.
Comparative example 2
Selecting without the fresh Chinese chestnut damaging by worms that goes mouldy is raw material, through peeling, section, lyophilize, by pulverizer, pulverizes, and crosses 60 mesh sieves and makes rice-chestnut powder.Then, utilize subcritical water extraction method, according to the step shown in following flow process, extract preparation Chinese chestnut protein:
Degreasing Chinese chestnut powder → add distilled water to adjust pH to 9.0 → Subcritical Water Extraction (extract 180 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 25min and extract under pressure 4.0MPa condition) → cooling → centrifugal (4000r/min, 10min) → get supernatant liquor → acid heavy (with 1mol/L HCl tune pH to 4.2) → collecting precipitation by material-water ratio 1:15 (g/mL).
Described precipitation is Chinese chestnut albumen, and as calculated, Chinese chestnut protein extracting ratio is 45.28%.
Comparative example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are known, and the Chinese chestnut extraction rate of protein of preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention, has improved 26% with respect to traditional buck method, with respect to subcritical water extraction method, has improved 21%.Show with respect to traditional method, the Chinese chestnut extraction rate of protein of preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention significantly improves.In addition, from embodiment 1, the Chinese chestnut purity of protein that preparation Chinese chestnut method of protein of the present invention obtains is high, and active good, protein content can be up to 88%.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be with suitable mode combinations in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: in the situation that not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. prepare a Chinese chestnut method of protein, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is carried out to ultrasonic disruption processing, to obtain the rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption;
Utilize cellulase to carry out the first enzymolysis processing to the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption, to obtain first enzyme hydrolysis products;
Utilize the first α-amylase that described first enzyme hydrolysis products is carried out to the second enzymolysis processing, to obtain second enzyme hydrolysis products;
Described the second enzymolysis processing product is carried out to alkali and propose processing, to obtain alkali, carry product;
Described alkali is carried to product and carry out first centrifugally, and collect supernatant liquor, to obtain protein alkali extract;
Utilize the second α-amylase that described protein alkali extract is carried out to the 3rd enzymolysis processing, to obtain the 3rd enzymolysis product;
Utilize isoelectric point precipitation that described the 3rd enzymolysis product is carried out to acid heavy, to obtain the heavy product of acid;
The heavy product of described acid is carried out successively standing and second centrifugal, to collect to obtain, precipitate; And
Described precipitation is washed to neutrality, to obtain described Chinese chestnut protein.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, under 400W ultrasonic power, carries out described ultrasonic disruption and processes 6-14min, preferably 10min.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in 40-60 degree Celsius preferably 50 degrees Celsius, carries out described the first enzymolysis processing 5-15min under the preferred pH4.5 condition of pH4-6, preferred 10min,
Optionally, while carrying out described the first enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described cellulase and the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution of processing through ultrasonic disruption is 50-150U/g, preferably 100U/g.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in 30-50 degree Celsius preferably 40 degrees Celsius, carries out described the second enzymolysis processing 25-35min under the preferred pH6.1 condition of pH5.5-6.5, preferred 30min,
Optionally, while carrying out described the second enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described the first α-amylase and described first enzyme hydrolysis products is 80-160U/g, preferably 120U/g.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described alkali is carried processing and comprised:
By described the second enzymolysis processing product carry out pH regulator to pH be 8.0-10.0 preferably 10.0, and in 30-50 degree Celsius, preferably carry out described alkali under 40 degrees Celsius and carry 25-35min, preferably 30min.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in 30-50 degree Celsius preferably 40 degrees Celsius, carries out described the 3rd enzymolysis processing 25-35min under the preferred pH6.1 condition of pH5.5-6.5, preferred 30min,
Optionally, while carrying out described the 3rd enzymolysis processing, the ratio of described the second α-amylase and described protein alkali extract is 80-160U/g, preferably 120U/g.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described acid is heavy to be carried out under isoelectric pH 4.2 conditions.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprises described Chinese chestnut albumen is carried out to vacuum lyophilization.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, utilizes vacuum freeze drier to carry out described vacuum lyophilization.
10. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the solid-liquid ratio of the described rice-chestnut powder aqueous solution is 1g:15ml.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613940A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2016-06-01 | 国肽生物科技(北京)有限公司 | Method for extracting Chinese chestnut peptide |
Citations (1)
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| US5738887A (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1998-04-14 | Wu; Wencai | Process of preparing fruit/vegetable juice and protein emulsion with multi-enzyme system |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5738887A (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1998-04-14 | Wu; Wencai | Process of preparing fruit/vegetable juice and protein emulsion with multi-enzyme system |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 常学东等: "板栗水溶性蛋白质提取工艺的优化", 《食品科学》, vol. 25, no. 11, 15 November 2004 (2004-11-15), pages 141 - 143 * |
| 张帅等: "板栗蛋白质的提取及多肽的制备", 《山西农业大学学报》, vol. 31, no. 1, 30 January 2011 (2011-01-30) * |
| 张海晖等: "亚临界水萃取板栗蛋白工艺研究", 《食品工业》, vol. 34, no. 4, 20 April 2013 (2013-04-20) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613940A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2016-06-01 | 国肽生物科技(北京)有限公司 | Method for extracting Chinese chestnut peptide |
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