CN1423531A - Enzymatic processing of biomass to produce edible products - Google Patents

Enzymatic processing of biomass to produce edible products Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1423531A
CN1423531A CN01807992A CN01807992A CN1423531A CN 1423531 A CN1423531 A CN 1423531A CN 01807992 A CN01807992 A CN 01807992A CN 01807992 A CN01807992 A CN 01807992A CN 1423531 A CN1423531 A CN 1423531A
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China
Prior art keywords
living beings
product
biomass
homogenate
water
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CN01807992A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗纳德·H·兰
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Lipogenics Inc
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Lipogenics Inc
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Publication of CN1423531A publication Critical patent/CN1423531A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
    • A23J1/006—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/09—Mashed or comminuted products, e.g. pulp, purée, sauce, or products made therefrom, e.g. snacks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Abstract

This invention relates to novel processes for treating biomass utilizing enzymatic digestion to separate the constituents of biomass. These processes advantageously bypass several expensive, time-consuming and potentially hazardous conventional biomass processing steps. The processes of this invention may be used to produce a variety of useful and valuable biomass-derived products, including biomass oil, biomass grate, biomass protein and biomass juice.

Description

Produce the method for enzymatically treating of the living beings of edible product
The technical field of the invention
The present invention relates to novel processes for treating various types of biomass.Processing method among the present invention utilizes the water enzymolysis with the various compositions in the separating biomass.
Related application
The application relates to temporary patent application 60/182,451 and requires its priority.
Background technology related to the present invention
Traditional biomass treatment method generally adopts multistep to carry out suddenly, can produce unwanted accessory substance, and decomposes some compositions in the living beings easily.These processing methods need specific equipment, make that this processing procedure cost is very high.And the time-consuming consumption power of the many steps in these conventional methods also can produce a large amount of sewage.
So, need a kind of so new biomass treatment method: can obtain the composition (comprise protein, soluble fibre, water-soluble trace nutrient, reach table oil) of many food-grade and added value, and can avoid the drawback of conventional method.
The invention summary
Novel processing method of the present invention can satisfy the demand that improves the biomass processes technical merit.Novel method utilizes in the solution composition in the enzyme digestion reaction separating biomass among the present invention, thereby has overcome the cost height, consuming time and may destroy drawbacks such as environment of living beings traditional treatment method.Method among the present invention can prepare multiple useful and valuable living beings product, comprises bio-oil, biomass fiber, living beings albumen, reaches biomass juice.
Method among the present invention comprises, earlier enzyme is carried out in living beings homogenate and handles, and then enzymolysis product is separated, and obtains at least one oil phase, a water and a solid phase.One of purpose of the present invention is that the product of this three-phase is just edible without any need for further processing.Method among the present invention also comprises the purifying of oil phase.Further, the method among the present invention comprises that also with aqueous phase separation be graywater product and biomass juice concentrate, and solid phase is separated into biomass residue product and living beings protein product.Further aim of the present invention is that the recirculated water product that is obtained, biomass juice concentrate, biomass residue product and living beings protein product do not need further to handle just edible.Other purposes of the present invention are more clear in detailed Description Of The Invention.
Accompanying drawing is briefly described
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of introducing the inventive method.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Term is by with the application of giving a definition (unless having other explanations in contrast) among the present invention:
" edible " refers to can not cause for the mankind are edible the consequence that obviously impairs one's health.
" living beings (biomass) " refer to plant flower, do, leaf, with, stem (comprising stem tuber) and fruit (comprise pericarp, pulp, and seed), this plant is at least a kind of in the following plant: palm, banana, sugarcane, beet, orange, shaddock, potato, apple or grape.The preferred primordial matter of processing method of the present invention.But, also can use dried biomass or degreasing living beings.
" degreasing living beings " refer to remove a large amount of greases in the living beings through the living beings after handling as squeezing modes such as (for example, using expeller).
" effectively particle size " refers to that the average particle size particle size that living beings have makes enzyme be able to catalysis chemical reaction required in this invention." chresard, processing time, pH value and temperature " refers to make the material of enzymatic chemical reaction required in this invention or the value of condition.Further, in the method for the invention, the single value of particle size, the water yield, duration, pH value and temperature should be complementary with other parameters, as the amount and the character of used enzyme.Though the application provides guidance for how estimating these numerical value, and set concrete numerical value for some preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art can the conversion conditions and are selected other suitable parameters.When not providing concrete parameter value, can suppose that a value represents actual parameter.
" living beings homogenate (Biomass slurry) " refers to the mixture of living beings and water.
" enzyme " refers to that a class can be used as the protein molecule of biochemial catalyst.
" enzyme reaction product homogenate " refers to that living beings are carried out enzyme handles a series of living beings mixture of products that the back obtains.
" oil phase " refers to separate the class product that enzyme reaction product homogenate obtains.Contain solute, particle and water though this is met, its content is few than solid phase and water." oil phase " mainly contains edible oil.
" water " refers to separate the class product that enzyme reaction product homogenate obtains.Contain solute (as, protein molecule), particle and oil though this is met, its content than solid phase and oil phase for few." water " contains edible biomass juice and graywater at least.
" solid phase " refers to separate the class material that enzyme reaction product homogenate obtains.Though this can contain some liquid after separation, the content of liquid (water and oil) lacks than water and oil phase." solid phase " contains edible biomass residue and living beings protein at least.
" purifying " refers to remove the process of partial impurities from material.Behind the purifying, still have some impurity remnants.
" graywater product " refers to water phase separated and the product that obtains.Though this product can contain some solutes, particle or oil, its content is few than biomass juice." graywater product " is mainly the water (weighing with industrial efficiency and environmental management standard) of certain quality, can be used for mixing with living beings forming living beings homogenate.When using by this way, can reduce or remove discharge of wastewater and pollution abatement.
" biomass juice concentrate " refers to water phase separated and the product that obtains.This product is for containing the mixture of water and living beings albumen at least.According to the method difference of selected water phase separated, " biomass juice concentrate " can contain the composition that can produce sweet taste and/or fragrance.When biomass juice was used as ready-made beverage, these attributes were just extremely important.
" biomass residue product (Biomass grate product) " refers to separate solid phase and the product that obtains.Though this product can contain oil, water, and living beings protein product, it mainly contains biomass residue insoluble in the alkali leaching process (as, cellulose).
" living beings protein product " refers to separate solid phase and the product that obtains.Though this product can contain oil, water, reach the biomass residue product, it mainly contains protein molecule.
" vacuum drying " refers to that being higher than temperature and pressure in temperature is lower than and removes a kind of processing method that the living beings water in products is divided under the atmospheric pressure (101.3KPa).
" short-path distillation " refers to the short-path distillation device liquid mixture be gasified, and the difference cooling is carried out condensation to collect the method for composition then.
" approximately " refers to+/-5% scope interior (not comprising the pH value).As, " about 10 microns " i.e. are " 9.5 microns to 10.5 micrometer ranges ".When relating to the pH value, refer to+/-0.2 scope in.As, " pH value about 10 " refers to " the pH value is between 9.8 to 10.2 ".
" free fatty " refers to have the fatty acid molecule of free carboxy, from rather than glyceride.
" membrane separating method " refers to a kind of method, and the use of film is one of them part, and film is a permeability to hydrone at least, but for volume greater than other molecules of hydrone (as, protein, carbohydrate) be impermeability.
" ultrafiltration " refers to can see through by a kind of water, inorganic salts, organic molecule (as, glucose), and the film of big molecule (as, albumin) impermeable carries out the method that film separates under pressure-driven.
" counter-infiltration " refer to by a kind of water, organic molecule (as, alcohol) can see through and big molecule (as, albumin), inorganic salts, and other nonionic organic compounds (as, fructose) film of impermeable, under pressure-driven, allow a kind of membrane separating method of liquid from the high concentration side direction low concentration side flow of film.
" primordial matter (raw biomass) " refer to fresh living beings (as, not through super-dry or degreasing).
" average particle size particle size " refers to the arithmetic mean value of the particulate samples diameter of getting.
" pectase " refer to can the catalysis hydrolyzed pectin enzyme.
" cellulase " refer to can catalyzing cellulose hydrolysis enzyme.
" hemicellulase " refer to can the catalysis hydrolysis of hemicellulose enzyme.
" carbohydrase " refers to the enzyme that the catalysis syrup is separated.
" by the proportion phase-splitting " refers to realize the method that is separated according to the proportion of each phase of product.
" centrifugation " refers to realize the method that each separates according to proportion by centrifugal force.
" method for protein isolation " refers to any method that protein molecule can be separated in water, other biological molecule (as, lipoid) or other protein molecules.For example, the method among the present invention can realize its separation according to protein molecule size, binding specificity, electric charge, dissolubility.
" protein dissolving method " refers to the solution that contains insoluble protein is handled, the method for dissolving substantially up to this protein molecule.
" alkali extraction " refers to use the solution with alkaline pH value that protein molecule is extracted from solid.
" weak solution " refers to the solution of concentration less than 5 mol.
" isoelectric precipitation method " refers to reduce protein solution pH value to be settled out the method for protein molecule.
Each preferred parameter of distinct methods (including, but are not limited to average biomass particle size, temperature, pH value, the type of enzyme, enzyme processing time) can be applicable to concrete processing method separately, also can be used for the combination of wide variety of method steps.
The biomass starting material that method among the present invention is used has effective particle size.Never obtain this raw material in processing biological, drying or the degreasing living beings.If use the degreasing living beings, the bio-oil that the method among the present invention obtains seldom.
In order to improve the efficient of enzymolysis, can reduce average biomass particle size with grinding or shredding type.Reduce particle size in this way, will help enzymolysis.Can grind with food-grade usually (as, the Szego mill) grind.Average particle size particle size is preferably about 0.1 to about 50 microns among the present invention, and more preferably about 1 to about 15 microns, preferred 5 to 10 microns.Preferred average particle size particle size depends on the particle disposal condition, and can easily be determined by those of ordinary skills.
In living beings, add the output that water can significantly improve enzyme digestion reaction.The operation that adds water can be before grinding processing, among or afterwards.Can produce fuel factor because grind processing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention adds entry before grinding processing, can at utmost reduce fuel factor to the damage of heat-sensitive substance in the living beings (as, living beings albumen).In the biological particles of effective dimensions, add water and just form living beings homogenate.Preferably, living beings homogenate contains about 1 part of living beings and about 1 to about 20 parts of water (w/v); Better, living beings homogenate contains about 1 part of living beings and about 5 to about 10 parts of water; Preferably, living beings homogenate contains about 1 part of living beings and about 10 parts of water.In a preferred embodiment, the water of heating before water under the use room temperature or the adding.Preferably, water temperature is about 23 ℃ to about 60 ℃; Better, water temperature is about 23 ℃ to about 40 ℃; Preferably, water temperature is about 35 ℃.
Can adjust the temperature and the pH value of living beings homogenate, make it to help the carrying out of enzyme digestion reaction.According to the type of selecting enzyme for use and other parameters, should before adding enzyme, the recommendation according to the enzyme supplier adjust pH value and temperature.In a preferred embodiment, before adding enzyme to living beings homogenate heat.The temperature of living beings homogenate is preferably about 23 ℃ to about 75 ℃, and more preferably about 40 ℃ to about 65 ℃, preferably approximately 50 ℃.In another preferred embodiment, the pH value of adjusting living beings homogenate before adding enzyme in advance is about 3 to about 6.5, more preferably about 4 to about 5.5, preferably approximately 4.5.In order to obtain the preferred pH value that reduces, can add suitable acid.For reaching this purpose, the acid of preferred food product level is as food grade phosphoric acid.
After making living beings homogenate, then carry out enzymolysis step.Multiple commercially available enzyme can satisfy the needs of enzymolysis processing among the present invention effectively.Usually, these enzymes are recommended by the manufacturer, are used for the eucaryotic cell structure of degrading plant material, such as the cell membrane tissue that contains bio-oil (as, cellulose and hemicellulose).Various enzymes can use separately also can be used in combination the particular result that needs to obtain with other effective enzymes.The preferred type that is used for the enzyme of the present invention's processing comprises pectase, carbohydrase, cellulase and hemicellulase and combined.The combination of preferred especially a kind of pectase, carbohydrase, cellulase and hemicellulase.The concrete enzyme that uses comprises Pectinex 3xL (a kind of pectase), SP-249 (a kind of carbohydrase), Celluclast 1.5L (a kind of cellulase), Gamanase (a kind of hemicellulase) among the present invention.These four kinds of enzymes all can be bought from Novo Nordisk (Denmark).The preferred Gamanase that adopts in the method for the present invention.
Desire improves the efficient of enzymolysis process, should select effective enzyme amount, efficient temperature, pH value and enzyme processing time.Being provided with of single parameter needs with reference to the type of employed enzyme and other parameters in this enzyme digestion reaction.The manufacturer of enzyme generally can provide more guidance in these areas.In a preferred embodiment, employed enzyme amount make a living material mass about 0.1% to about 5%, more preferably about 1% to about 3%, preferably approximately 2%.Enzyme is handled and can carried out (as, tank diameter) arbitrarily in the suitable containers.Preferred enzyme processing time dissociates the folder required time fully or almost completely for the grease in living beings.According to the different processing parameters and the type of enzyme, enzyme processing time is usually at about 3 to about 36 hours.Enzyme processing time is preferably about 5 to about 30 hours, and more preferably about 7 to about 24 hours, preferably approximately 20 hours.In processing procedure, can stir a period of time earlier and stop to stir a period of time (can in same or different vessels, carry out) then as settling tank.Such as, add after the enzyme, allow homogenate stir enzymolysis 5 hours down in the temperature (as 50 ℃) that raises, under same temperature, do not stir then and placed 15 hours.In the enzymolysis processing process, the biomass degradation in the homogenate is each constituent, obtains enzymolysis product homogenate.At this moment, can be by measuring the process of content of oil and grease deduction reaction in the enzymolysis product.When the grease yield in the enzymolysis product homogenate almost reaches in the biomass starting material fat content, can stop enzymolysis processing.
Enzyme then carries out the separation of each composition of enzymolysis product homogenate after handling.Though multiple isolation technics can reach this purpose, press the proportion phase-splitting (as, by than reprecipitation or centrifugal) method is better, preferred centrifugal method.Parameter of noncentricity can be determined at an easy rate by those of ordinary skills.Industrial centrifugal machine effectively be set to 3000-6000Xg.If the use laboratory centrifuge, proved configuration fixedly rotary head IEC effectively be set to 9000Xg.At least can obtain three phases by this separation process: (1) solid phase, (2) water, (3) oil phase.Can utilize the degree of polluting mutually between each phase to estimate the effect of separation.Also may produce the emulsion phase in the separation process.Eliminating this phase also is one of purpose of the present invention.This emulsion generally comprises the mixture of oil and water mutually, and is stablized by the solubility surfactant protein.In emulsion layer, add acid or this layer can be separated into You Heshui its heating.The water layer and the oil reservoir that obtain can add respectively in the water and oil phase of previous acquisition.Following content is to be separated the further continuation processing of three main phases that obtain by enzymolysis product homogenate. Oil phase
Bio-oil in the oil phase has preferable quality.Because it is relatively gentle that enzyme is handled each composition of living beings (comprising grease),, the oil that obtains do not need further processing so can directly using.Because this reason, the bio-oil of acquisition have kept natural taste and fragrance, quality is better than RBD (refining, decolouring, the taste removal) bio-oil that the traditional industry mode is produced.Further, this enzyme is handled and has been obtained a certain proportion of recovery with respect to traditional industry production.
Though the quality of the oil that enzyme obtains after handling is higher, if oil phase is further purified, quality will be better.After homogenate separated to enzymolysis product, oil phase can contain about 2% moisture.Utilize vacuum drying can reduce residual moisture, be preferably and be less than about 1.0% (mass ratio), preferably be less than about 0.1%.The step of this interpolation can weaken the hydrolysis of neutral glycerine three fat.Equally, the quality that can utilize short-path distillation to reduce free fatty makes it to be less than about 2% (mass ratio), preferably is less than about 0.5%. Water
The water that separates enzymolysis product homogenate acquisition contains significantly, living beings fragrance, sweet taste slightly and the lower viscosity of pleasant, and can directly use and further processing.If it is about 5 that the pH value of living beings homogenate is lower than, the living beings protein of higher proportion is contained in this regular meeting that communicates.Protein is dissolved in water with this understanding.
Though do not need just can directly use, this phase can be separated at least graywater and biomass juice concentrate yet to further processing of this water.By the further processing to water, protein and other need the concentration of material to be improved and to be retained in the biomass juice concentrate.The technical staff can utilize the method for concentration of knowing, as lyophilization.The preferred membrane separating method that uses is as ultrafiltration or inverse osmosis (though ultrafiltration may cause the loss of fragrance).Commercial scale is handled preferred inverse osmosis.The most handy Pasteur's method sterilization water before separation, or the biomass juice of after separation, sterilizing.
Extracting the graywater product from aqueous phase is further object of the present invention.Usually, can keep certain impurity in the graywater product, such as residual sugar and protein molecule.Yet, utilize the method among the present invention can reduce impurity level and improve graywater product quality, make it and can recycle.The water (Fig. 1) that adds when in other words, the graywater product can be used to handle beginning.Water recycle the sewage discharge that has reduced living beings enzyme processing procedure.The potential advantages of this operation also are to cut down expenses, reduce legal liabilities, reach and improve corporate image among the present invention. Solid phase
The solid phase of separating enzyme reaction product homogenate acquisition is edible.Need, also can further handle to obtain biomass residue product and living beings protein product.Can separate these materials with method for protein isolation commonly used.Preferably at first extract solubilising protein with alkali.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protein in the solid phase extracts in the alkaline aqueous solution under effective pH value, and common pH value is about 9 to about 12.5, more preferably about 10 to about 12, and preferably approximately 11 to about 12.Any effective alkaline solution be can adopt, NaOH and potassium hydroxide comprised.The sodium hydroxide solution of preferred dilution.Usually, the ratio that adds entry with respect to solid matter be about 1 part of solid phase than about 10 to about 20 parts of water (w/v); Preferably approximately 1 part of solid phase is than about 15 parts of water.Add alkaline solution then to improve the pH value of solid phase and aqueous mixtures, make it to reach effective pH value.Add extra aqueous slkali to keep the effective pH value of solid phase and aqueous mixtures at the alkali leaching process.Aqueous slkali can dissolve a large amount of protein in the solid phase.After the protein dissolving, the filtrate of containing solubilising protein is carried out acidifying can precipitating proteins.The pH value of the acidic aqueous solution that isoelectric precipitation uses is about 4 to about 6, more preferably about 4 to about 5, and preferably approximately 4.5.The precipitation protein whitening look and be not with the living beings smell substantially.Can be by the protein of conventional method precipitation separation, preferred centrifugation.
Can also obtain the biomass fiber of high string content to the separation of solid phase.Need not further handle, the biomass fiber product is just edible.Also can carry out dry simultaneously with appropriate method to obtain commercial more ripe product.Such as, spray drying process.
Be not limited to theory, the present invention uses the institutional framework of enzyme degradation biological matter to allow the grease of wherein storage discharge.The result is, thick formula extracting method that need not be conventional (as, squeezing or volatile solvent extract) just bio-oil can be extracted from remaining components of biomass.Further, gentle enzyme processing procedure allow other biological matter composition effective recovery (as, living beings albumen, biomass fiber, and the biomass juice concentrate).Like this, the invention provides a kind of method economy, integration of living beings multifunctional application.
Though making these products that come authigenic material not need further processing by the method among the present invention can be one of the object of the invention as the food-grade composition directly just, these products also can be used as animal feed or other commercial Application.Such as, the bio-oil that obtains by the method among the present invention is a food-grade, also can mix other edible products (as, cooking oil, baking batching or flavouring).In addition, bio-oil also can be used as industrial use, as being used as cleaning agent, soap, missible oil, reaching shampoo.
Further, the other biological matter product (comprising biomass residue product, living beings protein product, biomass juice concentrate and graywater product) that utilizes the inventive method to reclaim can directly be used as food grade materials and mix in the food.Such as, these come the product of authigenic material can be used in a large amount of nutraceutical (as, natural beverage, beverage and beverage mix).Though other application of these products also are well known to those skilled in the art, the biomass residue product has special significance as chaff and other substitutes that is rich in fibrous material.Simultaneously, the protein product that reclaims by method among the present invention has higher protein content, also can be as the substitute of soybean protein.These are used and also non-exclusively to comprise as meat additive, processed food, health food, sports drink mixture, baby food and baked goods.
Although invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments,, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Various change of the present invention, variation and equivalent are contained by the content of appending claims.
Other embodiment are contained in the claims.

Claims (42)

1. produce the method for edible biological matter product, comprising:
The living beings of effective particle size are mixed the homogenate of formation living beings with the water of effective dose;
Under effective pH value and temperature conditions, use at least a enzyme to handle living beings homogenate and generate enzymolysis product homogenate through effective time; And
Separate described enzymolysis product homogenate, form an oil phase, a water at least, reach a solid phase.
2. method according to claim 1 comprises the purifying of oil phase.
3. method according to claim 1 comprises the separation of water, produces a kind of graywater product and biomass juice concentrate at least.
4. method according to claim 1 comprises the separation of solid phase, forms a kind of biomass residue product and living beings protein product at least.
5. method according to claim 2, wherein said purification process is vacuum drying.
6. method according to claim 2, wherein said purification process is a short-path distillation.
7. method according to claim 6, the mass ratio of the contained free fatty of oil phase behind the wherein said purifying is lower than about 0.5%.
8. method according to claim 6, the mass ratio of the contained free fatty of oil phase behind the wherein said purifying is lower than about 0.1%.
9. method according to claim 5, the oil phase behind the wherein said purifying moisture mass ratio be lower than about 0.5%.
10. method according to claim 5, the oil phase behind the wherein said purifying moisture mass ratio be lower than about 0.1%.
11. method according to claim 3, the water of wherein said effective dose is taken from the graywater product.
12. method according to claim 3, what the separation of wherein said water was used is membrane separating method.
13. method according to claim 12, wherein said membrane separating method are ultrafiltration.
14. method according to claim 12, wherein said membrane separating method are inverse osmosis.
15. method according to claim 1, wherein said living beings are from primordial matter.
16. method according to claim 1, wherein said average biomass particle size are about 10 microns.
17. method according to claim 1, wherein said living beings homogenate comprise that about a living beings and about 1 are to about 20 parts of water.
18. method according to claim 1, wherein said living beings homogenate comprise that about a living beings and about 5 are to about 10 parts of water.
19. method according to claim 1, wherein said pH value are about 4 to about 6.
20. method according to claim 1, wherein said enzyme account for the mass ratio of described living beings and are at least about 0.1% to about 3%.
21. it is about 2% that method according to claim 1, wherein said enzyme account for the mass ratio of described living beings.
22. method according to claim 1, wherein said temperature are about 25 ℃ to about 75 ℃.
23. method according to claim 1, the wherein said processing time is about 3 to about 24 hours.
24. method according to claim 1, the wherein said processing time is about 15 hours.
25. method according to claim 1, wherein said enzyme is selected from the group of being made up of pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, carbohydrase and composition thereof.
26. method according to claim 1, wherein said enzyme are hemicellulase.
27. method according to claim 1, wherein said enzyme reaction product homogenate is by obtaining by the proportion phase-splitting.
28. method according to claim 27, wherein said is centrifugation by the proportion phase-splitting.
29. method according to claim 4, the separation of wherein said solid phase is implemented by method for protein isolation.
30. method according to claim 29, wherein said solid phase isolation methods is implemented by the protein dissolving method.
31. being alkali, method according to claim 30, wherein said protein dissolving method extract.
32. method according to claim 31, wherein said alkali are extracted in pH value about 11 to about 12 times enforcements.
33. method according to claim 31, wherein said alkali extracts the use that comprises dilute solution of sodium hydroxide.
34. method according to claim 4, the mass ratio of contained humidity is lower than about 6% after the wherein said biomass residue product drying.
35. the described method of claim 4 comprises the isoelectric precipitation step.
36. method according to claim 35, wherein said isoelectric precipitation step is implemented to about 5 conditions in pH value about 4.
37. method according to claim 4, wherein said living beings protein product accounts for about 5% of living beings Tot Prot at least.
38. method according to claim 4, wherein said living beings protein product accounts for about 10% of living beings Tot Prot at least.
39. the described method of claim 3 comprises living beings homogenate concentrate is carried out the isoelectric precipitation step.
40. the described method of claim 3 comprises living beings homogenate concentrate is carried out alkaline solubilization step and isoelectric precipitation step.
41. the described method of claim 4 comprises alkaline solubilization step and isoelectric precipitation step.
42. according to claim 40 or 41 described methods, wherein said alkali is dissolved in pH value about 11 and implements to about 12 conditions, and described isoelectric precipitation is implemented to about 5 conditions in pH value about 4.
CN01807992A 2000-02-15 2001-02-13 Enzymatic processing of biomass to produce edible products Pending CN1423531A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18245100P 2000-02-15 2000-02-15
US60/182,451 2000-02-15

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CN1423531A true CN1423531A (en) 2003-06-11

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CN101099528B (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-06-09 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 Biological processing method for shortening sugar permeability time of fruit jelly procession
CN105209630A (en) * 2013-05-16 2015-12-30 诺维信公司 Methods of preconditioning pretreated cellulosic material
CN109569476A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-04-05 浙江海洋大学 The method that fresh-water fishes waste prepares bio-oil

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FR2951461B1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-11-25 Lorraine Inst Nat Polytech PROCESS FOR AQUEOUS ENZYMATIC EXTRACTION OF OILS AND PROTEINS FROM PLANT MATERIAL
PL2832240T3 (en) * 2013-07-30 2017-03-31 Clariant International Ltd. Method for reducing the saccharide content of juice concentrates
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CN1098882A (en) * 1993-08-17 1995-02-22 吴文才 Multi-enzyme system prepares the method for fruit and vegetable juice and protein emulsion

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101099528B (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-06-09 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 Biological processing method for shortening sugar permeability time of fruit jelly procession
CN105209630A (en) * 2013-05-16 2015-12-30 诺维信公司 Methods of preconditioning pretreated cellulosic material
CN109569476A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-04-05 浙江海洋大学 The method that fresh-water fishes waste prepares bio-oil

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