DE19511570A1 - Pearl gloss concentrate for use in e.g. liq. detergent compsns. or shampoos - Google Patents

Abstract

A pearl gloss concentrate comprises an aq. dispersion comprising (a) 10-40 wt.% of pearl gloss forming components; and (b) 5-55 wt.% of emulsifiers, including alkyl polyglycoside emulsifiers of formula RO-(Z)x (I) (or addn. prods. of these with 1-10 molecules of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide). In (I) R = 6-22C alkyl; Z = a mono- or oligosaccharide; and x = 1.1-5. Pref. the concentrate comprises, as components which form the pearl gloss, (i) esters of formula R<1>-(OCnH2n)-OR<2> (in which R<1> is a linear 14-22C fatty acyl gp., R<2> is H or a gp. R<1>, n is 2 or 3 and x is 1-4), (ii) monoalkanolamides of formula R<3>-CO-NH-X (in which R<3> is 8-22C alkyl and X is CH2CH2OH or CH2CH2CH2OH or CMe2-OH), (iii) linear, satd 14-22C fatty acids and/or (iv) (12-22C fatty acid mono-, di- or triglycerides. These components esp. comprise at least 50 (most esp. at least 700 wt.% of ethylene glycol distearate.

Description

The invention relates to a pearlescent concentrate in the form of a never drig viscous aqueous dispersion with a content of 10-40 wt .-% pearlescent components.

Aqueous preparations of surfactants and cosmetic preparations can be used by incorporating substances that after cooling in the form of fine, mother-of-pearl-looking crystals fail and in the preparations stay dispersed, a pearlescent, aesthetically pleasing appearance to lend. As pearlescent substances are, for. B. the mono-, di- and optionally triesters of ethylene glycol or glycerol with C₁₄-C₂₂- Fatty acids, oligomeric alkylene glycol esters of this type, for example PEG-3 distearate, fatty acids and monoalkanolamides of fatty acids.

It is also known that the pearlescent agents mentioned in water or in aq disperse emulsifier solutions stably and in this way concentrated pearlescent dispersions obtained to finish the pearlescent adding preparations without heating, so that the the incorporation of heating and cooling otherwise required to form the Pearlescent crystals are unnecessary.

A problem in the manufacture and application of pearlescent concentrates represents the flow and pumpability. Especially with high concentra on pearlescent components and emulsifiers is the flow and pumpability are often severely restricted, or even Mi that are not flowable and also with the common appa are not pumpable.

In the German patent applications DE 38 43 572 and DE 41 03 551 therefore suggested adding viscosity to pearlescent concentrates  of low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohols and thereby and to achieve pumpability.

Although according to the teachings of these documents pearlescent concentrates be can be provided that are sufficiently pumpable or flowable for one Processing are common, these products may not be complete to satisfy. Efforts continue, Perl to develop gloss concentrates with further improved properties.

It has now surprisingly been found that when using alkyl polyglycosides as emulsifiers low-viscosity pearlescent concentrates formu can be lated.

The subject of the application is thus a pearlescent concentrate in the form of a aqueous dispersion with 10-40 wt .-% of pearlescent components and 5-55 wt .-% of emulsifiers, characterized in that as emuls gators alkyl polyglycosides of the general formula (I),

RO- (Z) _x (I),

in which R represents an alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, Z represents a mono- or oligosaccharide, x for a number from 1.1 to 5, or their number Addition products with 1 to 10 molecules of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are included.

Pearlescent components include meltable fat or wax understood body that when cooling their aqueous solutions or Emul ions in a temperature range of about 30-90 ° C in the form of fine, crystallize pearlescent body.

These meltable fat or wax bodies include

• (A1) esters of the formula (II), R 1 - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR 2 (II), in which R 1 is a linear fatty acyl group having 14 to 22 C atoms, R 2 is hydrogen or a group R 1, n = 2 or 3 and x is a number from 1 to 4,
• (A2) monoalkanolamides of the general formula (III), R³-CO-NH-X (III), in which R³ is an alkyl group with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular with 8 to 18 C atoms, and X is a group -CH₂-CH₂-OH, a group -CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OH or represents a group -C (CH₃) ₂-OH,
• (A3) linear, saturated fatty acids with 14 to 22 carbon atoms,
• (A4) Mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol with linear, saturated fat acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms as well
• (A5) β-ketosulfones of the general formula (IV), in which R⁴ represents an alkyl or alkenyl group with 11 to 21 carbon atoms, R⁵ and R⁶ represent hydrogen atoms or together form an ethylene group which forms a tetrahydrothiophene dioxide ring with the group lying between R⁵ and R⁶.

As esters (A1) of the general formula R¹ (OC _n H _2n ) _x OR² z. B. the Mo no and diesters of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol with higher fatty acids, for. B. with palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid, or the diesters of diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol with such fatty acids. Mixtures of mono- and di esters of the glycols mentioned with fatty acid mixtures, for. B. with hardened tallow fatty acid, palm fatty acid or with the saturated C₁₄-C₁₈ fatty acid fraction of tallow fatty acid. The ethylene glycol mono and / or diester of palmitic and / or stearic acid are particularly suitable.

Preferred monoalkanolamides (A2) are the monoethanolamides. This verb can contain a uniform alkyl radical. However, it is common Lich, in the production of alkanolamides from fatty acid mixtures from na door sources, e.g. B. coconut fatty acids, so that corresponding Mixtures with respect to the alkyl radicals are present.

As linear fatty acids (A3) z. B. palmitic acid, stearic acid, macaw quinic acid or behenic acid are used, but tech African fatty acid cuts that are made up entirely or predominantly of fatty acids with 16 up to 22 carbon atoms, z. B. palmitin-stearic acid fractions as they from tallow fatty acid or palm fatty acid by separating the rivers at + 5 ° C sigenic fatty acids or palmitin-stearic acid fractions, as can be obtained by hardening tallow fatty acid or palm fatty acid.

Regarding the esters of glycerol that can be used in the teaching according to the invention (A4) include the mono-, di- and especially triesters with lauric acid, Myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and behenic acid, as well as with Mi of these fatty acids.

Compared to the known ethylene glycol mono- and diesters, the β-keto sulfones (A5) of the general formula (IV) have the advantage that the pearlescent the preparations have a higher thermal stability, d. H. that the Pearlescent when the preparations are heated to over 50 ° C, sometimes even to over 70 ° C, is maintained for several hours. Regarding white More information on the β-ketosulfones mentioned is expressly provided on the content of the German patent application 35 08 051 pointed out.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention can be used exclusively Representative of one of these classes of compounds as well as mixtures from Vertre contain several of these classes of compounds.

Preferred pearlescent components are representatives of classes (A1) to (A4).

Fatty acid mono- or dialkanolamides, i.e. pearlescent components the group (A2), and their derivatives have recently become suspect tends to be involved in the formation of nitroamines. So he can  wishes to be cosmetic preparations without such alkanolamines and alka formulate nolamine derivatives. For this reason, connections of the Classes (A1), (A3) and (A4) particularly preferred pearlescent compo be ment.

Pearlescent concentrates whose pearlescent gloss-forming components of at least 50% by weight, in particular min at least 70 wt .-%, consist of ethylene glycol distearate.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention contain Al as emulsifiers kylpolyglycosides.

The alkyl polyglycosides according to formula (I) are characterized by the following parameters:
The alkyl radical R contains 6 to 22 carbon atoms and can be either linear or branched. Primary linear and methyl-branched aliphatic radicals in the 2-position are preferred. Such alkyl radicals are, for example, 1-octyl, 1-decyl, 1-lauryl, 1-myristyl, 1-cetyl and 1-stearyl. 1-Octyl, 1-decyl, 1-lauryl, 1-myristyl are particularly preferred. When using so-called "oxo alcohols" as starting materials, compounds with an odd number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain predominate.

The alkyl glycosides which can be used according to the invention can contain only one contain certain alkyl radical R. Usually these connections but based on natural fats and oils or mineral oils poses. In this case, the alkyl radicals R are mixtures corresponding to Starting compounds or according to the respective processing of these Connections before.

Alkylpolyglycosides in which R

• - essentially from C₈ and C₁₀ alkyl groups,
• - essentially from C₁₂- and C₁₄-alkyl groups,
• - Essentially from C₈ to C₁₆ alkyl groups or
• - consists essentially of C₁₂- to C₁₆ alkyl groups.

Any mono- or oligosaccharides can be used as the sugar building block Z. be set. Usually sugars with 5 or 6 carbon atoms as well as the corresponding oligosaccharides. Such sugars are for example glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, ribose, xylose, Lyxose, allose, old rose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose and sucrose. Be preferred sugar components are glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose and Sucrose; Glucose is particularly preferred.

The alkyl polyglycosides which can be used according to the invention contain on average 1.1 to 5 sugar units. Alkyl glycosides with x values from 1.1 to 2 are prefers. Alkyl glycosides in which x 1.1 are very particularly preferred is up to 1.4.

The alkoxylated homologs of the alkyl polyglycosides mentioned can also are used according to the invention. These homologues can be average up to 10 ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units per alkyl glycoside unit included. These products usually don't hire either uniform connections, but point depending on the ge chose an appropriate homolog distribution for ethoxylation processes on. Such alkoxylated compounds can, for example, thereby will keep that for the synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides ethoxylated fat alcohols are used. In the context of the teaching of the invention However, use of the non-alkoxylated compounds is preferred.

The alkyl polyglycosides or their alkoxylated homologues can be used in one preferred embodiment of the invention be the only emulsifiers, which are contained in pearlescent concentrates according to the invention.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention can, however, also be others Contain emulsifiers from other classes. Depending on the type of preparation, to which the pearlescent concentrate according to the invention is to be added both anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic as well ampholytic emulsifiers. Combinations of two more Emulsifier classes can be used in the context of the teaching according to the invention will. In particular, mixtures of anionic and nonionic or anio African and zwitterionic emulsifiers can be preferred here.  

According to a further preferred embodiment, the invention pearlescent concentrates in addition to alkyl polyglycosides at least another emulsifier selected from the group of anionic or nonionic emulsifiers. Although pearlescent agents in which the additional emulsifiers are in excess of the alkyl polyglycosides, in many cases the requirements for commercial pearlescent concentrates are quite the same, so there are concentrates in which the content of further emulsifiers to 100 wt .-%, based on the alkyl polyglycoside, is limited by particularly advantageous properties out.

Suitable anionic emulsifiers in preparations according to the invention all anionic suitable for use on the human body surfactants. These are characterized by a water solubilizing, anionic group such. B. a carboxylate, sulfate, Sulfonate or phosphate group and a lipophilic alkyl group of about 10 up to 22 carbon atoms. In addition, glycol or polyglycol in the molecule ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups and hydroxyl groups ent to be hold. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers are, in each case in the form of sodium, potassium and ammonium as well as mono-, di- and tri alkanolammonium salts with 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkanol group,

• - linear fatty acids with 10 to 22 carbon atoms (soaps),
• Ether carboxylic acids of the formula RO- (CH₂-CH₂O) _x -CH₂-COOH, in which R is a linear alkyl group with 10 to 22 C atoms and x = 0 or 1 to 16,
• Acyl sarcosides with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group,
• Acyl taurides with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group,
• Acyl isethionates with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group,
• - Sulphosuccinic acid mono- and dialkyl esters with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic acid mono-alkyl polyoxyethyl with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 1 to 6 oxyethyl groups,
• linear alkanesulfonates with 12 to 18 carbon atoms,
• linear alpha-olefin sulfonates with 12 to 18 carbon atoms,
• - Alpha-sulfofatty acid methyl esters of fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms,
• Alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates of the formula RO (CH2-CH₂O) _x -OSO₃H, in which R is a preferably linear alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and x = 0 or 1 to 12,
• Mixtures of surface-active hydroxysulfonates according to DE-A-37 25 030,
• - Sulphated hydroxyalkyl polyethylene and / or hydroxyalkylene propylene glycol ether according to DE-A-37 23 354,
• - Sulfonates of unsaturated fatty acids with 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 6 Double bonds according to DE-A-39 26 344,
• - esters of tartaric acid and citric acid with alcohols, the addition products of about 2-15 molecules of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide Represent fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

Preferred anionic emulsifiers are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ethers sulfates and ether carboxylic acids with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule, as well as sulfosuccinic acid mono- and dialkyl esters with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and sul mono-alkyl polyoxyethylsuccinate with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the Alkyl group and 1 to 6 oxyethyl groups.

Zwitterionic emulsifiers are those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one -COO ^(-) - or -SO₃ ^(-) group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic emulsifiers are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example the cocoalkyl-dimethylammonium glycinate, N-acyl-aminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example the cocoacylaminopropyl-dimethylammonium glycinate, and - Alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl-imidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. A preferred zwitterionic emulsifier is the fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name Cocamidopropyl Betaine.

Ampholytic emulsifiers are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C₈-C₁₈ alkyl or acyl group in the mole, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO₃H group and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic emulsifiers are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkyl sarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each with about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic emulsifiers are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethyl aminopropionate and C _12-18 acyl sarcosine.

Non-ionic emulsifiers contain z. B. a poly oil group, a polyalkylene glycol ether group or a combination of Po lyol and polyglycol ether group. Such connections are, for example

• - Addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles Propylene oxide on linear fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, on fat acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and alkylphenols with 8 to 15 carbon atoms men in the alkyl group,
• - C₁₂-C₂₂ fatty acid monoesters and diesters of addition products from 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide to glycerol,
• - Adducts of 5 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and ge hardened castor oil,
• - Addition products of ethylene oxide with sorbitan fatty acid esters
• - Addition products of ethylene oxide with fatty acid alkanolamides.

Examples of those used in the pearlescent concentrates according to the invention Cationic emulsifiers are especially quaternary ammonium compounds fertilize. Ammonium halides such as alkyltrimethylammonium chloride are preferred ride, dialkyldimethylammonium chloride and trialkylmethylammonium chloride, e.g. B. cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, Di stearyldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldi methylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride. Further Cationic emulsifiers which can be used according to the invention are:

• - Alkylamidoamines, especially fatty acid amidoamines like that under the Designation Tego Amid®S 18 available stearylamidopropyldimethylamine,
• - Quaternary ester compounds, so-called "esterquats", such as those under Dialkylammonium methosulfate sold under the Stepantex® trademark and methyl-hydroxyalkyl-dialkoyloxyalkyl-ammonium methosulfates.  
• - Quaternary sugar derivatives such as the commercial product Glucquat®100, according to CTFA nomenclature a "Lauryl Methyl Gluceth-10 Hydroxypropyl Dimonium Chlorides ".
• - quaternized protein hydrolyzates.

With the compounds with alkyl groups used as emulsifiers, it can are each a uniform substance. However, it is in the Re gel preferred in the manufacture of these substances from native vegetable or animal raw materials, so that you can mix substances with un different alkyl chain lengths depending on the respective raw material holds.

In the case of the emulsifiers, the addition products of ethylene and / or propy lenoxid to fatty alcohols or derivatives of these addition products len, products with a "normal" homolog distribution as well even those with a narrow homolog distribution can be used. Mixtures of homologs are called "normal homolog distribution" understood that one in the implementation of fatty alcohol and alkylene oxide un ter use of alkali metals, alkali metal hydroxides or alkali receives metal alcoholates as catalysts. Narrow homolog distribution On the other hand, conditions are obtained if, for example, hydrotalcite, alkaline earth metal salts of ether carboxylic acids, alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides or alcoholates can be used as catalysts. The use of produc with a narrow homolog distribution may be preferred.

Pearlescent concentrates containing 20-30% by weight of pearlescent components and containing a total of 5-20 wt .-% of emulsifiers have been invented proven particularly advantageous according to the invention. An emulsifier content between 5 and 15% by weight has proven to be particularly advantageous.

Furthermore, the pearlescent concentrates according to the invention can be desired if they contain a low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol.

A group of preferably used low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol le contain 2-12 carbon atoms and 2-10 hydroxyl groups. Such alko holes are, for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, Gly  cerin, erythritol, arabitol, adonite, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, dulcitol, glucose and sucrose. The use of glycerin, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-pro pylene glycol, sorbitol and / or glucose is particularly preferred.

The use of glycerin as a low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol leads to pearlescent concentrates that make the end products particularly bright Give lanten pearlescent.

Another group of preferably used low molecular weight, multivalent Alcohols are oligomeric ethers, especially those based on ethylene glycol kol, propylene glycol and glycerin. Above all, such products suitable, whose average molecular weight is below about 700 daltons. In front only the di-, tri- and tetramers of ethylene glycol and glycerin are usable according to the invention.

The low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohols are according to the invention preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 15 wt .-%, based on the entire preparation tion, used.

In addition, the pearlescent concentrates according to the invention essentially contain water.

Buffer substances can also be used in small quantities development of the pH to values between 2 and 8, z. B. citric acid and / or sodium citrate, and also inorganic salts, for example sodium chloride, as a thickener. These substances are from Expert often summarized under the generic term "adjusting means".

In a first, preferred embodiment, the invention Pearlescent concentrates with the usual preserves known to those skilled in the art provided. Such preservatives are, for example Formic acid, benzoic acid and pHB ester.

In a second preferred embodiment, the pearlescent concentrates are free of preservatives. Under preservative free in this Understand pearlescent concentrates that have no preservation agents were added. They therefore preferably do not contain any preserve  agents or preservatives only in such amounts as they are due to the selected individual raw materials.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention are at least in one temperature raturation range of 5-40 ° C very well pumpable and over a longer period space, d. H. at least about 12 months, stable in storage.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention can thus be prepared conditions that components (A), (B) and (C) initially together on a Tem temperature to be heated, which is about 1 to 30 ° C above the melting point lies. In most cases this will be a temperature of around 60 to 90 ° C. Then this mixture becomes about the same temp heated water added. If an ionic, water-soluble emulsifier is used, it may be preferred this dissolve in the water phase and together with the water in the mixture bring in. The aqueous phase may already have the puff dissolved in dissolved substances. The resulting dispersion is then under constant stirring to room temperature, d. H. cooled to about 25 ° C. The The viscosity of the pearlescent concentrate is so in most cases low that on the use of special stirring units such as homogenizers or other high-speed mixing devices can be dispensed with.

The pearlescent concentrates according to the invention are suitable for production cloudy and pearlescent liquid, aqueous preparations water-soluble of surface-active substances. You can e.g. B. in liquid washing and Detergents such as detergents, liquid mild detergents and liquid Soaps, but preferably in liquid body cleaning and care products such as e.g. B. shampoos, liquid hand and body wash, Shower bath preparations, bath additives (foam baths), hair rinsing agents or Hair dye preparations are incorporated.

To produce pearlescent, the clear aqueous preparations at 0 up to 40 ° C the pearlescent concentrates according to the invention in an amount of 1 up to 10% by weight, in particular 1.5 to 5% by weight, of the preparation and distributed in it with stirring. Depending on the preparation and usage concentration a metallic shiny, dense to slightly shiny, extremely dense pearlescent.

The following examples are intended to explain the subject of the invention in more detail, without limiting him to it.  

Examples 1. Pearlescent concentrates

There were pearlescent concentrates together with those listed in Table 1 settlements made.

Table 1

Flowable pearlescent concentrates

¹) Ethylene glycol distearate (at least 90% diester; CTFA name: Glycol Distearate) (HENKEL)
²) Glycerol monostearate (approx. 50% monoester content; CTFA name: Glyceryl Stearate) (HENKEL)
³) Coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide (approx. 95% amide; CTFA name: Cocamide MEA) (HENKEL)
Composition of the fatty acid:
approx. 56% lauric acid
approx. 21% myristic acid
approx. 10% palmitic acid
approx. 13% stearic acid and oleic acid
⁴) C₁₆-C₁₈ fatty acid (CTFA name: Palmitic Acid (and) Stearic Acid) (HENKEL)
⁵) C₁₂-C₁₆ fatty alcohol-1,4-glucoside (approx. 50% active substance in water; CTFA name: Lauryl polyglycose) (HENKEL CORP.)
⁶) C₁₂-C₁₄ fatty alcohol + 4 ethylene oxide (HENKEL)
⁷) Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (approx. 72% active substance in water; CTFA name: Sodium Laureth Sulfate) (HENKEL)
⁸) Polyol fatty acid ester (CTFA name: PEG-7-Glyceryl Cocoate) (HENKEL)
⁹) Fatty acid amide derivative with betaine structure of the formula R-CONH (CH₂) ₃N⁺ (CH₃) ₂CH₂COO ^- (approx. 30% active substance; CTFA name Cocoamidopropyl Betaine) (HENKEL)
¹⁰) Trimethylhexadecylammonium chloride (25% active substance in water; CTFA name: Cetrimonium Chloride)
¹¹) 86% in water

Claims (19)

1. pearlescent concentrate in the form of an aqueous dispersion with 10 to 40% by weight of pearlescent components and 5 to 55% by weight of emulsifiers, characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides of the general formula (I), RO- (Z) as emulsifiers _x (I), in which R stands for an alkyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, Z for a mono- or oligosaccharide, x for a number from 1.1 to 5, or their addition products with 1 to 10 molecules of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are included. 2. pearlescent concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that in of the formula (I) Z for glucose and x for a number between 1.1 and 2, stands in particular for a number between 1.1 and 1.4. 3. pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that as pearlescent components

• (A1) esters of the formula (II), R 1 - (OC _n H _2n ) _x -OR 2 (II), in which R 1 is a linear fatty acyl group having 14 to 22 C atoms, R 2 is hydrogen or a group R 1, n = 2 or 3 and x is a number from 1 to 4,

and or

• (A2) Monoalkanolamides of the general formula (III), R³-CO-NH-X (III), in which R³ is an alkyl group with 8 to 22 C atoms, in particular with 8 to 18 C atoms, and X is a group -CH₂ Represents -CH₂-OH, a group -CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OH or a group -C (CH₃) ₂-OH,

and or

• (A3) linear, saturated fatty acids with 14 to 22 carbon atoms

and or

• (A4) C _12-22 fatty acid mono-, di- or triglycerides

are included. 4. pearlescent concentrate according to claim 3, characterized in that the pearlescent components to at least 50 wt .-%, in particular at least 70 wt .-% consist of ethylene glycol distearate. 5. pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized records that there are 20 to 30 wt .-% of pearlescent components and contains 5 to 20% by weight of emulsifiers. 6. pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized records that it ent ent emulsifiers in addition to the alkyl polyglycoside holds. 7. pearlescent concentrate according to claim 6, characterized in that it anionic or nonionic emulsifiers in amounts of up to 100 % By weight, based on the amount of the alkyl polyglycoside, contains. 8. pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized records that it also has a low molecular weight, polyvalent Al contains alcohol. 9. pearlescent concentrate according to claim 8, characterized in that the low molecular weight, polyvalent alcohol in amounts of 0.1 to 15% by weight is included.   10. pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 8 or 9 characterized thereby records that the low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol 2 to 12 C- Contains atoms and 2-10 hydroxyl groups. 11. pearlescent concentrate according to claim 10, characterized in that the low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group which consist of the substances glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol kol, glucose and sorbitol. 12. Pearlescent concentrate according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized ge indicates that the low molecular weight, polyhydric alcohol is selected is made of polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and polyglycerols with an average molecular weight below 700 daltons. 13. Process for the production of pearlescent concentrates according to one of the Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a mixture of Components (A), (B) and (C) heated to a temperature that is 1 to 30 ° C is above the melting point of the mixture, with the necessary Mix amount of water at about the same temperature and then mix on Cools down to room temperature. 14. Use of pearlescent concentrates according to one of claims 1 to 12 in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular 1.5 to 5 Wt .-%, for the production of cloudy and pearlescent liquid, aq preparations of water-soluble surfactants. 15. Process for the production of cloudy and pearlescent liquid aqueous preparations of water-soluble surface-active substances because characterized in that the clear aqueous preparations at 0 to 40 ° C pearlescent concentrates according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular 1.5 to 5% by weight, added to the preparation and distributed therein with stirring.