EP0405204B1 - Method and apparatus for forming zones or tufts of bristles - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming zones or tufts of bristles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0405204B1
EP0405204B1 EP90110871A EP90110871A EP0405204B1 EP 0405204 B1 EP0405204 B1 EP 0405204B1 EP 90110871 A EP90110871 A EP 90110871A EP 90110871 A EP90110871 A EP 90110871A EP 0405204 B1 EP0405204 B1 EP 0405204B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bristles
tufts
bristle
holes
holding plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90110871A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0405204A2 (en
EP0405204A3 (en
Inventor
Fritz Rueb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FRISETTA GMBH
Original Assignee
Frisetta GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893920769 external-priority patent/DE3920769A1/en
Application filed by Frisetta GmbH filed Critical Frisetta GmbH
Publication of EP0405204A2 publication Critical patent/EP0405204A2/en
Publication of EP0405204A3 publication Critical patent/EP0405204A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0405204B1 publication Critical patent/EP0405204B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46BRUSHWARE
    • A46DMANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D3/00Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
    • A46D3/04Machines for inserting or fixing bristles in bodies
    • A46D3/045Machines for inserting or fixing bristles in bodies for fixing bristles by fusing or gluing to a body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46BRUSHWARE
    • A46DMANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/08Preparing uniform tufts of bristles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46BRUSHWARE
    • A46DMANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D3/00Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
    • A46D3/08Parts of brush-making machines
    • A46D3/082Magazines for bristles; Feeding bristles to magazines; Knot picking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing bristle fields for brushes or bristle bundles for brushes, bristle tufts being filled into perforations in molds, the bristle tufts first being formed from individual bristles by separating a bristle supply into bristle tufts, after which the bristles are tied with the shape With the help of an air stream and introduced into the holes in the mold.
  • the invention further relates to a device for producing bristle fields for brushes or of bristle bundles for brushes, in which the ends of individual plastic bristles of a bristle bush are fused to one another and / or to those of a neighboring tuft, with a perforated shape in which perforations one tuft of bristles fits, feed lines are provided to the mold and a line leads to each hole to be filled, to which lines means for generating an air flow to the mold can be connected.
  • Trimmed bristles have therefore been subjected to a subsequent processing, by means of which the later working end of each bristle is to be rounded off more or less. However, this is only possible and only within limits if an overall flat bristle field is present or is retained.
  • tufts of bristles must first be separated and fused before they can then be brought into a mold with compressed air, where their fused ends have to be encapsulated again.
  • the method of the type mentioned is characterized in that the air flow for conveying the bristle tufts is generated with negative pressure and that the ends of the bristles facing away from the later free working ends are then fused after being introduced into the perforations in the mold.
  • the later work ends can be rounded off before they are brought into the mold.
  • the tuft of bristles that have not yet been fused can be transported into a mold with the aid of the negative pressure, where the fusion and connection takes place , so that a higher production speed is possible.
  • the bristles can be transported into the mold more cheaply and more quickly. Even relatively long conveyor lines can be overcome in this way. Since the flow is caused by negative pressure and not, as in other air or gas conveyances, by positive pressure, more favorable flow conditions are possible in which mutual turbulence of the individual bristles or even jams can be avoided.
  • the bristles can be introduced into the mold in an approximately vertical orientation. This has the advantage that the insertion of the bristles into the mold can be supported by gravity.
  • the tufts of bristles are matched by one placed on the mold Perforations such as the mold-equipped holding plate are sucked through, after which the ends of the bristles to be fused protrude beyond the plate or at least protrude into a perforation area which widens towards the top of the plate, and when these bristles are joined together and / or with the plate or with these protrusions protruding in the same direction as the protruding ends of the bristles and optionally fused to the ends of the neighboring bristle tufts.
  • the tufts of bristles can be sucked into the mold insofar as, above all, perforations of this holding plate widening against the direction of suction, specifically guide the individual tufts into the perforations of the half-shape and allow them to enter.
  • the ends of the tufts of bristles to be connected are held together well and the heat of fusion to be applied at these ends is kept away from those areas of the bristles which are not to be fused together.
  • this holding plate allows a better connection to a later brush body or may even be the brush body itself under certain circumstances.
  • each individual bristle of a tuft of bristles remains free of the neighboring bristle, so that the elasticity of the individual bristles is completely retained despite the fusion and connection above or in the holding plate below it.
  • a further improvement and refinement of the method according to the invention for the mutual fixing of the individual bristles with one another and also with the holding plate can be achieved by utilizing the conveyance of the bristles by means of negative pressure in the mold in that the still soft or pasty melt after the ends of the bristles have melted pressurized, in particular underpressure, and thereby pressed or sucked at least partially into spaces between the bristles and / or between them and the holding plate located within the holding plate.
  • the melt can thus further stabilize the bristle areas located within the holding plate and, above all, seal the spaces between bristles in such a way that no bacteria and no toothpaste sludge can penetrate.
  • the negative pressure that is also used for conveying into the mold can be used.
  • the holding plate can be connected to a brush body, in particular welded, high-frequency welded, glued, permanently locked or screwed.
  • a brush body in particular welded, high-frequency welded, glued, permanently locked or screwed.
  • the bristle field can then be ejected from the mold together with the holding plate or with the brush body.
  • Differently colored bristle tufts are also possible within a bristle field, so that the brush manufacturer has the possibility of influencing the aesthetic effect of the brush by means of differently colored bristle tufts. For example, by using only a single bristle tuft with a color different from that of the other bristle tufts, the brush can be identified.
  • the working speed and in particular the speed when filling the mold is not impaired and, since no mechanical means of transport are used to transfer the tufts of bristles into the mold, but instead a gas flow generated by negative pressure is also a problem-free transfer without congestion, upsetting and without transverse laying of individual bristles, for example at pipe bends or at the mouth entry into the recess of the mold, especially when the negative pressure is applied to the mold, so that the negative pressure automatically directs the bristles into the mold, so that all bristles thereby and by the possibility of a bristle field into the mold via corresponding parallel vacuum lines, very high working speeds are possible.
  • the device according to the invention of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the mouths of the lines and the shape can be moved relative to one another and that the shape has a connection for applying a vacuum to the individual perforations.
  • both the pipe mouths and the molds can be movable, so that the molds can be transported to a melting station after filling, for example in a manner to be described, while a new mold can already be made in the area of the pipe mouths.
  • the guide lines can be at their introductory point, at which the bristles are sucked into the lines, or at a distance from one another be adjustable, in which the tufts of bristles are provided before they are inserted into the mold, and the outlets or openings of the lines can be provided or adjustable in the position of use in the distance and the arrangement that corresponds to the hole arrangement of the mold and / or a holding plate. Since each bristle tuft has its own feed line to the corresponding perforation of the mold after it has been formed from a bristle stock, any geometric arrangements of the bristle tufts with respect to one another can be formed in this way and any shape can be loaded, in that the lines can be adjusted accordingly.
  • An expedient embodiment of the device is that at least one bristle magazine can be provided, in which the individual bristles are pressed against a displaceable and / or rotatable removal slide, and that the removal slide movable transversely to the removal is arranged at a distance from one another, the bristle supply has facing, open recesses for forming tufts of bristles and, with its region having these recesses, is displaceable or rotatable from the bristle magazine to below the individual openings of the lines.
  • the respective bristle tufts can thus be formed in a very simple manner with the aid of such a removal slide, in whose open-ended recesses or recesses corresponding to the shape and size of the later bristle tufts, in the edge facing the bristle stock, and transferred to the inlet area of the suction lines, whereby After exiting the bristle magazine, the corresponding counterholders close the open-edge recesses with the individual tufts of bristles.
  • the individual openings of the suction lines can be or are oriented in a simple manner to those locations in which the tufts of bristles are located after removal with the aid of the slide. Simple and quick back and forth movements of this slider are therefore sufficient to form the desired tufts of bristles from a supply of individual bristles and to position them so that they can be sucked into the mold in the manner already mentioned.
  • Hoses and / or pipes can be provided as lines, and in particular in the area of the introduction end and / or the mouth, the lines can be flexible for the adjustability of these areas. This facilitates the adjustment and mobility already mentioned, particularly in the mouth areas.
  • Embodiments of the feed lines and in particular their inlet openings and also the outlets are the subject of claims 10 and 11.
  • the measures specified therein on the one hand facilitate the safe suction of all bristles of a tuft of bristles and on the other hand the assignment to a holding plate and its perforation pattern.
  • the flow velocity of the air or gas flow caused by the negative pressure is increased depending on the degree of constriction, so that the bristles enter the perforation of the mold at a correspondingly high speed and with a correspondingly high momentum and, due to their ends which have already been sphered, become tangled can slide between bristles already in the perforation. If one or the other bristle no longer gets into the perforation, it can still be used the subsequent fusion process may be advantageous because it can then be fused with the protruding and fused ends of the filled bristles.
  • a further embodiment of the device of very significant importance can consist in that the perforations for receiving the tufts of bristles are blind holes, the bottoms or inner end faces of which have a negative shape or contour for shaping the ends of the respective tufts of bristles and, for example, as a hollow cone or - pointed, hollow hemisphere, bevel, level or a combination of these hollow shapes are formed.
  • the geometric shape of its later working end can be produced at the same time, so that trimming the working ends of the tufts of bristles is no longer necessary after they have been combined into bristle fields and the working ends of the individual bristles can therefore be rounded off from the beginning.
  • a suction channel can emerge laterally, possibly at right angles, from all the bores or perforations of the mold, above their bottom, and these channels can lead to the suction connection and can be combined.
  • the suction pressure is maintained right into the interior of the perforations in the mold, but without individual bristles being able to be drawn into the suction channels, as would be possible with a connection in the extension of the perforations in the mold.
  • suction connections can be that the bottoms of the perforations in the mold in a porous insert, in particular in a ceramic insert, sinter insert, sieve, felt, textiles or the like. are provided, under which one with the vacuum connection connected or provided chamber or the like is provided.
  • the negative pressure can be applied directly in the extension of the individual perforations, since the pores of such a porous insert are much smaller than the cross section of a single bristle.
  • the bottoms of the individual perforations can be stamped from the front side of the perforations be formed, which are arranged deeper when filling than when the bristles melt and can be raised to a height corresponding to the exact tuft length, possibly via the suction channels of the perforations.
  • the suction channels can be relatively deep, so that the bristles are sucked deep into the holes. If, however, due to a certain distance of the suction channels from the perforated floor, one or the other bristle does not initially reach this floor, this is nevertheless accomplished by the subsequent lifting of the floors.
  • a further embodiment of the invention of its own worthy of protection can consist in a device of the type mentioned in the fact that the bottoms of the holes or holes of the shape are corrugated or profiled or roughened, with individual bristles between the ridges formed and others on these ridges fit so that the individual bristles of a bristle tuft at its free working end have slightly different lengths. It has been shown that a much better cleaning result can be achieved with such toothbrushes, in which not only the working end of the entire bristle tuft has a favorable geometric shape, but also in which the individual bristles of a bristle tuft are not all exactly on the surface of this geometric Form, but each have slightly different lengths, so that individual bristles protrude slightly from neighboring bristles.
  • Claim 18 specifies a configuration with which several shapes can be loaded with bristles in the same advantageous manner at the same time, so that an even more rational and faster brush production is possible.
  • the measure of claim 19 also contributes to this, but also includes a possibility of how different bristles and / or tufts of bristles can be arranged in one and the same bristle field.
  • Claim 20 represents a simple and expedient embodiment of how a significantly larger number of bristle tufts and possibly also different bristles can be provided with a single slide, since different bristles can be kept ready in each of the bristle magazines mentioned therein.
  • Claim 21 relates to the possibility of further accelerating and rationalizing the production and thereby increasing the possibility of combining different bristles and shapes of bristle tufts.
  • Claim 23 is an embodiment of the entire device in such a way that the individual work steps such as filling the mold, the subsequent melting and connecting to a brush body can each be carried out approximately simultaneously.
  • An essential embodiment of the device contains claim 25, wherein the holding and insertion plate mentioned therein, which has already been mentioned above, is initially part of the device, but later forms part of the brush produced.
  • a new holding plate of this type is to be supplied, for which purpose a work station for placing such holding plates on the molds can be provided on the chain belt according to claim 23 in front of the station for filling the molds.
  • this holding plate In addition to improving the insertion of the bristles and the better holding together of the bristle tufts, especially after the fusing and, if necessary, when the fused bristle ends are encapsulated, this holding plate has the additional advantage that it provides the brush manufacturer with further design options, e.g. offers that this plate and the actual brush body can be colored differently. If the perforations of the holding plate are slightly conical, so-called open bristle bundles result, in which the individual bristles are not pressed together by an anchor and are therefore separate from one another and can therefore achieve better cleaning results.
  • a major advantage of filling the mold with the aid of negative pressure is that any grinding dust still stuck to the bristle ends due to their rounding is practically completely removed, whereas in the conventional stamping process this grinding dust has scarcely been removed could be and every new toothbrush adheres a considerable amount of such grinding dust.
  • these bristle tufts fused into bristle bundles can advantageously be used to produce brushes, the manufacture of the individual bristle bundles advantageously having a high level Working speed and precision and at the same time good strength of the bristle bundle can take place.
  • bristle fields are to be formed from coherent tufts of bristles with a retaining plate connecting and stabilizing them, however, it is expedient if the perforations in the retaining plate on the upper side facing away from the working ends of the bristles have depressions which accommodate the fused ends of the bristles of the individual bristle tufts and which merge into one another at the mutually facing edges below the plate surface.
  • the bristles to be fused protrude bumps, protrusions, knobs or the like can form between the perforations project meltable material.
  • the protruding bristles can then be fused with these if a corresponding melting punch is pressed sufficiently far down until it touches these projections, knobs or the like and the bristle ends, melts and compresses them at the same time.
  • the melt which is formed by the bristle ends and these projections of the plate, can then flow into one another and, as it were, bring about welding, especially if the bristles and the plate are made of the same material. But even with different materials, there is an intimate connection between the bristles and the plate.
  • the holding plate can have a flange or a sealing lip which, after being inserted into a recess of the brush body which receives the holding plate, engages over the edge thereof. This prevents, for example, that cleaning agents gradually penetrate into the recess in the holding plate and deteriorate the appearance of the brush and also gradually loosen the connection.
  • a device suitable for solving the problem of the type mentioned is characterized, which allows a wire-free supply of the bristles to the molds and their perforations, but again advantageously negative pressure for inserting the bristles into the perforations of the Forms is used.
  • Such a device is advantageous if a separating slide for the tufts of bristles can be moved directly up to the inlet openings of the mold or the holding plate lying thereon.
  • the claims 32 and 33 relate to the rotatable removal slide, which allows a considerable acceleration of the workflow and the bristle supply, because it can be moved and rotated continuously in the same direction, i.e. the time for an idle stroke, in the case of a displaceable removal slide for its return movement the bristle magazine or magazines is necessary, is saved.
  • a device designated as a whole by 1 and recognizable above all in FIGS. 1, 4, 14 and 15 is used to produce bristle fields 2 (see, for example, FIGS. 8, 9 and 10) or bristles 3 (see again FIG. 9) and 10).
  • the ends of individual plastic bristles 4 of a tuft of bristles 5 according to FIG. 5 or 6 are fused to one another and / or to those of a neighboring tuft.
  • the device 1 includes a shape 7 provided with perforations 6, which is a semi-shape, i.e. the perforations are 6 blind holes.
  • a tuft of bristles 5 fits into these perforations 6, but the ends 8 of the bristles 4 to be fused, as shown in FIG. 1, protrude.
  • 1, 4 u. 14 has the form 7 belonging to the device 1 a connection or connecting piece 9 for applying a negative pressure to the individual perforations 6 and supply lines 10, hereinafter also simply referred to as lines 10, are provided, with a line 10 for each hole 6 to be filled leads.
  • the cross sections of these lines 10 correspond at least to those of the bristle tufts 5 to be transported and guided in them, so that each line 10 can transport a tuft of bristles 5.
  • the orifices 11 of the lines 10 and the form 7 can be moved relative to one another, as is indicated in FIGS. 1 and 14 by the double arrow Pf 1 for the orifices 11 and in FIG. 4 by the arrow Pf 2 for the form 7.
  • the guide lines 10 are at a distance from one another or, if necessary, can be set to a distance at which the tufts of bristles 5 are provided before they are inserted into the mold 7 according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 1 it is shown that the insertion ends 12 are formed or held together by an insertion plate 13.
  • the outlets or outlets 11 of the lines 10 are provided or adjustable according to FIG. 1 in the position of use in the distance and the arrangement which corresponds to the hole arrangement of the shape 7 which can be recognized by way of example in FIG. 3 or a holding plate 14 which can be placed on the shape according to FIG. 1 .
  • the bristles can be sucked in at the inlets 12 after applying a negative pressure to the connection 9, transported through the lines 10 and drawn into the perforations 6 of the mold 7, in which case, of course, the mouths 11 of the line 10 onto the mold 7 or Holding plate 14 are lowered or the shape 7 is raised.
  • the device also includes at least one bristle magazine 15, in the exemplary embodiment two such bristle magazines 15 are provided with mutually facing removal points 16, which are under pressure from opposite sides according to arrows Pf 3, so that the bristles 4 in them are repeatedly brought to the removal points 16 and pressed. As a result, the bristles 4 are pressed against a removal slide 17, which in each case limits the supply of bristles at these removal points 16.
  • This across the tapping point 16 movable removal slide 17 has, according to FIG. 2, at a distance from each other, facing the bristle supply and towards the edge open recesses or recesses 18 for forming the bristle tufts 5.
  • This removal slide 17 is with its area having these recesses 18 from the bristle magazine 15 to below the insertion openings 12 of the lines 10 are displaceable, the drawings showing this displacement position.
  • Hoses and / or pipes can be provided as lines 10, the lines 10 being flexible in particular in the area of the insertion end 12 and / or the mouth 11 for carrying out the adjustment movement of these areas.
  • the insertion ends 12 of the lines 10 are connected to an insertion head, in the exemplary embodiment of the insertion plate 13 already mentioned, or fastened to such an insertion head.
  • the insertion openings 19 in the exemplary embodiment are funnel-shaped with a course tapering from a larger cross section to the line cross section, so that all the individual bristles 4 of a respective bristle tuft 5 can be sucked in and transported in tufts with a correspondingly high degree of security.
  • outlets or orifices 11 of the lines 10 are also connected to one another and are thereby fixed to an orifice plate 20. If the assignment of the individual orifices 11 to change a bristle pattern is to be changed, the orifice plate 20 can possibly be exchanged.
  • the perforations 6 for receiving the tufts of bristles 5 in the shape 7 are blind holes, the bottoms 21 or inner end faces of which have a negative shape or contour for forming the have free ends of the respective bristle tufts 5 and, for example, as Hollow cone or tip, hollow hemisphere (Fig. 6), bevel, plane (middle bristle tufts of Fig. 5) or a combination of these hollow shapes can be formed.
  • the free working ends of these bristle tufts are simultaneously brought into a desired shape without the need for subsequent trimming or shaping of these working ends of the bristle tufts 5, so that the individual bristles can be rounded off beforehand.
  • suction channels can branch off laterally, possibly at right angles, above their bottoms, and these channels can lead to the suction connection 9 or be combined.
  • the individual bristles 4 of a bristle tuft 5 can expediently have, for example, two different lengths in order to achieve a better cleaning effect.
  • This can be achieved in a manner not shown in the drawings in that the bottoms 21 of the perforations 6 of the shape 7 are corrugated or profiled or roughened, individual bristles 4 each fitting between the elevations formed and others on these elevations, so that the Individual bristles 4 of a tuft of bristles 5 at its free working end receive the slightly different lengths, which can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 12.
  • the bottoms 21 of the individual perforations 6 can be formed from the end face of stamps which can be displaced in the perforations 6 and which are arranged deeper when filling than when the bristles 4 are fused and in one of the exact tuft lengths appropriate height, if necessary, can be raised via the suction channels leading from the perforations 6.
  • the desired final length of the individual bristles and tufts of bristles is achieved with great certainty even if, for example, when a tuft of bristles is sucked in, one or the other bristle within the perforation 6 remains somewhat behind the other, which above all cannot be completely ruled out if the suction channels branch off laterally from the perforations.
  • the slider 17 for separating the bristle tufts 5 when removing the bristles 4 from the bristle magazine 15 can have different recesses or recesses 18 for forming different bristle tufts 5 and in particular for forming bristle tufts 5 of different thickness and / or cross-sectional shape .
  • Fig. 3 it can be seen that bristle fields and bristle patterns are conceivable, in which on the one hand round, on the other hand square and also elongated cross sections of bristle tufts 5 are provided, the cross-sectional sizes also being able to be different. This can be taken into account by corresponding cross-sectional areas on the recesses 18. The shaping of the cross-sectional contour of the individual Tufts of bristles can then take place in the form 7 and / or the holding plate 14.
  • the bristle fields 2 and / or the brushes 3 can also be combined with bristles of different thickness, quality, flexibility and / or color.
  • the assignment ratio of such different bristle tufts to one another can also be preselected by different numbers of recesses 18 on the removal slide 17.
  • bristle magazines 15 or pairs of such magazines 15 and associated removal slides 17 can also be provided for the inlet heads 13 of the suction guides 10 in order to allow an even higher production rate and possibly the loading of even more molds 7 at the same time.
  • the feed lines 10 for the bristle tufts 5 from the slide 17 to the molds 7 are about 1 mm - 10 mm in diameter, e.g. can have approximately 2 mm or 5 mm inner diameter, depending on how thick the individual bristle tufts 5 are.
  • the length of the feed lines 10 can be approximately 1 m - 10 m, for example approximately 5 m, as tests have shown without individual bristles being sucked in remaining in the line 10. An optimal assignment of the bristle magazines 15 to the molds 7 can thus be selected for the production process.
  • FIG. 4 A further expedient embodiment of the device 1 can be seen in FIG. 4.
  • the molds 7 are arranged on a conveyor or chain belt 24 or the like.
  • a heating or melting station 25 for fusing the bristle ends and optionally again in the feed direction a feed device for brush bodies 26 and / or an ultrasonic welding system 27 or adhesive device are arranged are.
  • the ejection station 28 for the finished brushes 3 can be seen on the lower run of the belt 24.
  • a holding and insertion plate 14 for the bristles 4 is arranged, which has through holes 6a in the arrangement in which the bristle tufts 5 form one Bristle field are summarized and from which the bristles 4 inserted into the mold protrude with their ends 8 when fused.
  • This holding plate 14, which can be placed on the mold 7, can consist of the material from which the brush body 26 is also made, so that the welding or gluing to the brush body 26, which is still pending in FIG. 8 and has already been carried out in FIG. 10, easier and more permanent is possible.
  • a work station 29 is arranged in front of the station for filling the bristles 4 into the mold 7, in which the holding plates 14 are fed and placed on the mold 7.
  • this holding plate 14 may have a suitably circumferential sealing flange 30 which covers the joint between the plate 14 and the depression 31 of the brush body 26 after connection and so the life of the brush especially when used further extended as a toothbrush because penetration of cleaning agents and the like. The like is prevented even more effectively in this area.
  • the perforations 6a in the holding plate 14 have depressions 6b on the upper side facing away from the working ends of the bristles 4, that is to say they widen towards this upper side.
  • the fused ends 8 of the bristles 4 of the individual tufts of bristles are located in these extensions or depressions 6b of the perforations 6a, whereby it is also indicated in FIG. 6 that these depressions 6b below the plate surface with the mutually facing edges 7 can merge, so that the fused bristle ends according to FIG. 7 can also be partially connected to those of the neighboring tufts and fused.
  • the still soft or pasty melt is placed under the negative pressure which also serves to convey the bristles 4 into the mold 7, this melt can partially be located in the holding plate 14 between the bristles sucked and thus the strength of the anchor can be further improved.
  • the gaps that can be seen in FIG. 7 between the fused regions can also be filled with melted and solidified plastic compound.
  • the holding plate 14 can also be the brush body itself, into which the bristle tufts 5 are inserted and on which they are fused, it then being expedient to close off the side provided with this fusing with a cover plate 32, in particular then, if only the bristles 4 of the bristle tufts 5 are fused to one another and not to the neighboring tufts, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • brushes 3 or bristle fields 2 can be produced, bristle bundles or tufts 5 being filled into the perforations 6 of the molds 7 and then at the ends 8 facing away from the later free working ends of the plastic bristles 4 in the in FIG. 5 or 6 can be fused in a recognizable manner, FIG. 5 showing a merger only on the individual tufts 5, FIGS. 6 and 7 but also merging with the neighboring tufts.
  • the procedure is such that the bristle tufts 5 are first formed from individual bristles 4 by separating a supply of bristles into tufts 5, that the bristles 4 are then sucked in tufts, fed to the mold 7 and sucked into the perforations 6 of the mold 7 and then melted .
  • the feeding and filling into the mold can take place in one work station, the subsequent melting in a neighboring work station, so that during the melting of the bristles, a filling process can already be carried out for a next mold 7.
  • the tufts of bristles 5 are sucked through the holding plate 14 placed on the mold 7 and equipped with matching perforations 6a, the ends 8 of the bristles 4 to be fused projecting beyond the plate 14 or at least into one towards the top of the plate 14 protruding perforated area 6b (Fig. 6) protrude, and that subsequently Bristles 4 are melted together and optionally with those of the neighboring tufts of bristles and also with knobs 33 of the holding plate 14.
  • the holding plate 14 can be connected, in particular welded or glued, to a brush body 26, which in turn can take place in a further work station after a feed movement, while at the previous work stations the previous method steps in parallel at the same time subsequent form can be performed.
  • the bristle field is ejected from the mold 7 after being connected to the holding plate 14 by fusing the bristles or with the brush body 26.
  • tufts of bristles 5 are formed from individual bristles 4 and then filled in tufts 6 in holes 6 of half-molds 7 and then fused to the holding ends 8. This takes place expediently in that the bristles 4 are removed from a bristle magazine 15 with a corresponding bristle supply and are thereby separated into bristle tufts 5, then these bristles 4 are drawn in tufts by individual lines 10 assigned to them and fed to the mold 7 and are sucked into the perforations 6 of the molds 7.
  • the device 1 shown in FIG. 14 corresponds in essential parts to the device according to FIG. 1 and therefore has the same reference numbers for most parts such as the mold 7 and the lines 10.
  • the separation of the bristle tufts 5 also takes place in the manner already described.
  • the individual tufts of bristles 5 are fed to the mold or molds 7 with the aid of an air flow which arises when a vacuum is applied to the mold 7.
  • the orifices 11 of the lines 10 have tapering or narrowing 34 with subsequent enlargement 35, that is to say in the orifices 11 a type of Venturi nozzle is arranged, within which the air flow is accelerated due to this narrowing of the cross section.
  • the bristle tufts 5 may be drawn out somewhat in length during their transport through the lines 10, because initially medium bristles can be conveyed somewhat faster than the bristles lying against the line walls. This can be exploited by an increased insertion speed with the help of the mentioned constriction 34 into the perforations 6a of the holding plate 14 and 6 of the mold 7, this increased insertion speed also increasing the momentum or the kinetic energy of the individual bristles 4, so that even the last bristles can still be inserted between the bristles already in the perforations 6 and to a certain extent "shot".
  • Such an expedient configuration of the bristle supply is possible precisely because of the conveyance with the aid of negative pressure, whereas conveyance by means of compressed air at the inlet into the nozzles could lead to considerable traffic jams caused by bristles which might be transverse.
  • a supply device, generally designated 37, for grasping and transporting the bristle tufts 5 to the perforations 6 of the mold 7 is provided, which has a slide holding the bristle tufts 5 individually - in this case, also in the case of the preceding devices described removal slide 17 - and has a feed plate 38 provided with passages.
  • the bristle tufts 5 can be displaced transversely to their orientation direction on this feed plate 38 by means of the slide 17.
  • the feed plate 38 has passages 39 which are arranged in alignment with the perforations 6 of the mold 7 or can be brought into alignment with the bristle tufts prior to separation and feeding.
  • the bristle tufts 5 can thus not only be formed and isolated in an advantageous manner with the aid of the removal slide 17, but can also be supplied practically directly to the mold 7.
  • the mold 7 also has a vacuum connection 9 below a porous insert 22 containing the ends of the perforations 6, so that an air flow can also be generated in this case by applying a vacuum the introduction of the bristles 4 into the perforations 6 of the mold 7 brings about or at least supports them, since in the arrangement shown - as in the exemplary embodiments described above - gravity is additionally effective.
  • the device according to FIGS. 1, 4 and 14 can bridge a large distance between the bristle supply and the mold, the device according to FIG. 15 allows a construction with a small space requirement.
  • the bristle tufts 5 can contain a different number of individual bristles 4 and that in extreme cases only a single bristle 4 can be provided and can be conveyed into the mold and through a holding plate 14 in the manner described above. It is precisely here that the constriction 34 according to FIG. 14 be expedient in order to accelerate such a few or a single bristle 4, but also - as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 14 itself - to be inserted centrally into the respective perforation 6.
  • FIG. 16 shows an embodiment modified with respect to FIG. 2 with respect to the removal slide 17, but the same parts have the same reference numbers even when the external design is changed.
  • the removal slide 17 is rotatable, ie it can be rotated in a constant direction of rotation Pf4 when the bristles 4 are removed from the bristle magazine (s) 15 and conveyed to the insertion openings 12 or the passages 39 and from there to the respective bristle magazine and thus only rotate in one direction.
  • the idle stroke required in the reciprocable slide 17 according to FIG. 2 by means of which the slide 17 with its recesses 18 has to be moved back to the bristle magazine 15, is eliminated. Because of this continuous direction of movement and working method as well as the avoidance of loss of time due to such an idle stroke, the loading with bristles and thus the entire work process can be accelerated considerably.
  • a stop position for the transfer of the bristles 4 can be provided at 90 °.
  • the turntable serving as removal slide 17 is acted upon by two bristle magazines 15 lying opposite one another, but has recesses 18 for the bristles 4 which are open at four points, so that such recesses 18 always exist in the area of the bristle magazines 15 and on the other hand are arranged in the area of the transfer to the molds.
  • the open edges 18 are kept closed over part of the rotational path by lateral guides 18a in order to fix the bristles.
  • the rotatable removal slide 17 is a turntable with a circular circumference and a central axis of rotation and the recesses 18 are arranged open on the periphery of this turntable.
  • two, but possibly also e.g. four or with a correspondingly large circumference of the turntable even more bristle magazines 15 can be arranged at a distance from one another along the circumference of the turntable, only enough space between the bristle magazines 15 for the holding position and the transfer point to the insertion openings 12 or passages 39, each of which Form 7, must be present.
  • the open-edged recesses 18 can have different contours and cross sections in order to form different tufts of bristles.

Abstract

Individual bristles and/or batches of bristles are withdrawn from one or more magazines and are mechanically or pneumatically transferred to positions of alignment with the sockets of one or more forms. The individual bristles and/or batches of bristles are thereupon drawn into the aligned sockets by suction prior to being welded or glued to an adapter which constitutes or forms part of a brush body and defines the open ends of sockets during drawing of bristles into the form or forms.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Borstenfeldern für Bürsten oder von Borstenbündel für Pinsel, wobei Borstenbüschel in Lochungen von Formen eingefüllt werden, wobei zunächst die Borstenbüschel aus Einzelborsten gebildet werden, indem ein Borstenvorrat zu Borstenbüscheln vereinzelt wird, wonach die Borsten büschelweise der Form mit Hilfe eines Luftstromes zugeführt und in die Lochungen der Form eingebracht werden.The invention relates to a method for producing bristle fields for brushes or bristle bundles for brushes, bristle tufts being filled into perforations in molds, the bristle tufts first being formed from individual bristles by separating a bristle supply into bristle tufts, after which the bristles are tied with the shape With the help of an air stream and introduced into the holes in the mold.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Borstenfeldern für Bürsten oder von Borstenbündeln für Pinsel, bei denen die Enden von einzelnen Kunststoff-Borsten eines Borstenbüsch miteinander und/oder mit denen eines Nachbarbüschels verschmolzen werden, mit einer mit Lochungen versehenen Form, in welche Lochungen jeweils ein Borstenbüschel paßt, wobei Zuführleitungen zu der Form vorgesehen sind und zu jeder zu füllenden Lochung eine Leitung führt, an welche Leitungen Mittel zur Erzeugung eines Luftstromes zu der Form hin anschließbar sind.The invention further relates to a device for producing bristle fields for brushes or of bristle bundles for brushes, in which the ends of individual plastic bristles of a bristle bush are fused to one another and / or to those of a neighboring tuft, with a perforated shape in which perforations one tuft of bristles fits, feed lines are provided to the mold and a line leads to each hole to be filled, to which lines means for generating an air flow to the mold can be connected.

Aus der DE-PS 845 933 ist es bereits bekannt, die Borsten von Borstenbüscheln jeweils kontinuierlich als Stränge von einem Vorrat abzuziehen und in durchgehende Lochungen einer Halbform einzuführen. An ihrer dem späteren zu verschmelzenden Befestigungsende abgewandten Seite werden diese Stränge jeweils abgeschnitten, um Borsten einer vorgestimmten Länge zu bilden, wobei an der Schnittstelle die späteren Arbeitsenden der Borsten entstehen. Dies bedeutet, daß diese Arbeitsenden scharfkantig sind und zum Beispiel bei der Anwendung in Zahnbürsten zu einer Gefährdung oder Verletzung des Zahnfleisches führen. Bei der Anwendung als Haarbürste ist die Kopfhaut entsprechend gefährdet. Dies gilt umso mehr, wenn die Arbeitsenden der Kunststoffborsten außerdem noch innerhalb eines Büschels in eine besondere geometrische Form gebracht werden sollen, also die einzelnen Büschel, zum Beispiel kegelförmig, halbkugelig oder abgeschrägt sein sollen, um zum Beispiel beim Zähneputzen besser in die Zwischenräume zwischen Einzelzähnen eindringen zu können.From DE-PS 845 933 it is already known to continuously withdraw the bristles of tufts of bristles as strands from a supply and to insert them into continuous perforations of a half-shape. At its fastening end to be fused later These strands are cut off on the opposite side to form bristles of a predetermined length, the later working ends of the bristles being formed at the interface. This means that these working ends are sharp-edged and, for example when used in toothbrushes, endanger or injure the gums. When used as a hairbrush, the scalp is at risk. This is all the more true if the working ends of the plastic bristles are also to be given a special geometric shape within a tuft, i.e. the individual tufts are to be, for example, conical, hemispherical or beveled, for example when brushing teeth better in the spaces between individual teeth to be able to penetrate.

Man hat deshalb beschnittene Borsten einer nachträglichen Bearbeitung unterzogen, durch welche das spätere Arbeitsende einer jeden Borste mehr oder weniger abgerundet werden soll. Dies ist aber nur dann und nur in Grenzen möglich, wenn ein insgesamt ebenes Borstenfeld vorliegt oder beibehalten bleibt.Trimmed bristles have therefore been subjected to a subsequent processing, by means of which the later working end of each bristle is to be rounded off more or less. However, this is only possible and only within limits if an overall flat bristle field is present or is retained.

Aus der DE-OS 23 35 468 ist es bekannt, aus einem Borstenvorrat mit Hilfe einer Entnahmeplatte mit Klemmlöchern die Borsten jeweils büschelweise zu entnehmen und in röhrchenförmige Einzelformen zu überführen, deren Anordnung der Anordnung der Entnahmeröhrchen genau entsprechen muß. Dabei besteht das erhebliche Problem, daß die Ränder der Entnahmeröhrchen einerseits und die Ränder der Einzelformen andererseits zu Stauchungen von etwas seitlich abstehenden Borsten führen können, so daß in kurzer Zeit die exakte Parallellage der Borsten in dem Borstenmagazin oder Vorrat nicht mehr gegeben ist und die Büschel nicht mehr vollständig sein können. Darüber hinaus ist ein hoher Zeitaufwand und eine schwierige und mechanisch anspruchsvolle Vorrichtung erforderlich, um diese Art der Beschickung einer Form mit Borsten durchzuführen, so daß die Vorrichtung gemäß dieser Druckschrift nicht den Zweck erfüllen kann, in rationeller und preiswerter Form und vor allem möglichst schnell Borsten zu Borstenfeldern zusammenzufassen.From DE-OS 23 35 468 it is known to remove the bristles in tufts from a bristle supply with the aid of a removal plate with clamping holes and to convert them into tubular individual shapes, the arrangement of which must correspond exactly to the arrangement of the removal tubes. There is the considerable problem that the edges of the sampling tubes on the one hand and the edges of the individual molds on the other hand can lead to bristles of bristles that protrude somewhat to the side, so that in a short time the exact parallel position of the bristles in the bristle magazine or stock is no longer present and the tufts can no longer be complete. In addition, a lot of time and a difficult and mechanically demanding device is required to carry out this type of loading of a mold with bristles, so that the device according to this document cannot fulfill the purpose of combining bristles into bristle fields in a rational and inexpensive form and above all as quickly as possible.

Aus der DE-OS 34 05 001 ist ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art mit entsprechender Vorrichtung bekanntgeworden, wobei der erwähnte Luftstrom mittels Preßluft erzeugt wird. Dies bedeutet, daß die Borsten vor ihrer Beförderung in die Form nicht nur büschelweise abgeteilt, sondern auch schon miteinander verschmolzen werden müssen, da eine Beförderung von büschelweisen aber noch einzelnen Borsten durch Leitungen mit Hilfe von Preßluft unweigerlich zu einer gegenseitigen Verwirbelung der einzelnen Borsten und zu unterschiedlich schnellen Beförderungen dieser Borsten führen kann und außerdem vor allem an Krümmungen der Leitungen die Gefahr besteht, daß Borsten hängenbleiben und dann einen Stau bilden.From DE-OS 34 05 001 a method of the type mentioned with a corresponding device has become known, the air flow mentioned being generated by means of compressed air. This means that the bristles not only have to be divided into tufts before they are conveyed into the mold, but also have to be fused to one another, since a conveyance of tufts of tufts but still individual bristles inevitably leads to mutual swirling of the individual bristles by means of compressed air can transport these bristles at different speeds and, in addition, there is a risk that the bristles get caught and then form a jam, particularly on curvatures in the lines.

In aufwendiger Weise müssen also zunächst Borstenbüschel vereinzelt und verschmolzen werden, bevor sie dann mit Preßluft in eine Form gebracht werden können, wo ihre verschmolzenen Enden erneut umspritzt werden müssen.In a complex manner, tufts of bristles must first be separated and fused before they can then be brought into a mold with compressed air, where their fused ends have to be encapsulated again.

Auch dadurch läßt sich keine rationelle und vor allem schnelle Fertigung von Borstenfeldern und Bürsten oder Pinseln erzielen.This also means that no rational and, above all, rapid production of bristle fields and brushes or brushes can be achieved.

Es besteht deshalb die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren und auch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, womit auf einfache und rationnelle Weise aus Einzelborsten und Borstenbüscheln Borstenfelder gebildet werden können, bei denen die Borstenbüschel und das gesamte Borstenfeld beliebige geometrische Anordnungen der freien Arbeitsenden der einzelnen Borsten haben können und bei denen die Enden der einzelnen Borstenbüschel also kugelig, kegelig, spitz, abgeschrägt usw. sein können, wobei aber trotz solcher geometrischer Formen der Büschelenden die Einzelborsten abgerundet sein können. Gleichzeitig soll eine rationnelle und schnelle Bürsten- oder Pinselfertigung möglich sein.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and also a device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which bristle fields can be formed in a simple and efficient manner from individual bristles and bristle tufts, in which the bristle tufts and the entire bristle field can have any geometric arrangement of the free working ends of the individual Can have bristles and in which the ends of the individual tufts of bristles can be spherical, conical, pointed, beveled, etc., but despite such geometric shapes The individual bristles can have rounded ends. At the same time, rational and fast brush or brush production should be possible.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist das Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Luftstrom zum Fördern der Borstenbüschel mit Unterdruck erzeugt wird und daß die den späteren freien Arbeitsenden abgewandten Enden der Borsten anschließend an das Einbringen in die Lochungen der Form verschmolzen werden.To solve this problem, the method of the type mentioned is characterized in that the air flow for conveying the bristle tufts is generated with negative pressure and that the ends of the bristles facing away from the later free working ends are then fused after being introduced into the perforations in the mold.

Somit können die späteren Arbeitsenden schon vor dem Einbringen in die Form abgerundet sein. Statt der bisherigen Entnahme von Borsten und ihrer Verschmelzung zu einzelnen Büscheln, die dann in einer weiteren Form umspritzt werden müssen, kann also erheblich schneller das Büschel von noch nicht verschmolzenen Borsten mit Hilfe des Unterdruckes in eine Form transportiert werden, wo die Verschmelzung und Verbindung erfolgt, so daß eine höhere Produktionsgeschwindigkeit möglich ist. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich ein günstiger und schneller Transport der Borsten in die Form. Selbst relativ lange Förderstrecken können auf diese Weise überwunden werden. Da der Förderstrom durch Unterdruck und nicht wie bei sonstigen Luft- oder Gasbeförderungen durch Überdruck, bewirkt wird, sind günstigere Strömungsverhältnisse möglich, bei denen gegenseitige Verwirbelungen der einzelnen Borsten oder gar Staus vermieden werden können.This means that the later work ends can be rounded off before they are brought into the mold. Instead of the previous removal of bristles and their fusion into individual tufts, which then have to be encapsulated in a further form, the tuft of bristles that have not yet been fused can be transported into a mold with the aid of the negative pressure, where the fusion and connection takes place , so that a higher production speed is possible. In addition, the bristles can be transported into the mold more cheaply and more quickly. Even relatively long conveyor lines can be overcome in this way. Since the flow is caused by negative pressure and not, as in other air or gas conveyances, by positive pressure, more favorable flow conditions are possible in which mutual turbulence of the individual bristles or even jams can be avoided.

Die Borsten können in etwa vertikaler Orientierung in die Form eingebracht werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß das Einführen der Borsten in die Form hinein von der Schwerkraft unterstützt werden kann.The bristles can be introduced into the mold in an approximately vertical orientation. This has the advantage that the insertion of the bristles into the mold can be supported by gravity.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es dabei, wenn die Borstenbüschel durch eine auf die Form aufgelegte, mit übereinstimmenden Lochungen wie die Form ausgestattete Halteplatte hindurchgesaugt werden, wonach die zu verschmelzenden Enden der Borsten über die Platte überstehen oder wenigstens in einen nach der Oberseite der Platte hin sich erweiternden Lochungsbereich ragen, und wenn anschließend diese Borsten miteinander und/oder mit der Platte oder mit an dieser in derselben Richtung wie die überstehenden Enden der Borsten vorstehenden Vorsprüngen und gegebenenfalls mit den Enden der Nachbar-Borstenbüschel verschmolzen werden.It is particularly expedient if the tufts of bristles are matched by one placed on the mold Perforations such as the mold-equipped holding plate are sucked through, after which the ends of the bristles to be fused protrude beyond the plate or at least protrude into a perforation area which widens towards the top of the plate, and when these bristles are joined together and / or with the plate or with these protrusions protruding in the same direction as the protruding ends of the bristles and optionally fused to the ends of the neighboring bristle tufts.

Durch eine solche Halte- oder Adapterplatte kann das büschelweise Einsaugen der Borsten in die Form insofern verbessert werden, als vor allem sich entgegen der Einsaugrichtung erweiternde Lochungen dieser Halteplatte die einzelnen Büschel gezielt in die Lochungen auch der Halbform führen und eintreten lassen. Gleichzeitig werden dadurch die zu verbindenden Enden der Borstenbüschel gut zusammengehalten und die an diesen Enden aufzubringende Schmelzwärme wird durch die Platte von denjenigen Borstenbereichen ferngehalten, die nicht miteinander verschmolzen werden sollen. Darüber hinaus erlaubt diese Halteplatte eine bessere Verbindung mit einem späteren Bürstenkörper oder kann unter Umständen sogar unmittelbar selbst der Bürstenkörper sein. Wird zum Beispiel die Halteplatte anschließend noch umspritzt, kann wiederum vermieden werden, daß Schmelze des Spritzwerkstoffes zwischen die Einzelborsten gelangt und dadurch die Borstenbüschel auf eine zu große Länge verklebt und verbindet. Es bleibt auf diese Weise also auch jede Einzelborste eines Borstenbüschels frei von der Nachbarborste, so daß die Elastizität der Einzelborste trotz des Verschmelzen und Verbindens über oder in der Halteplatte unterhalb derselben vollständig erhalten bleibt.By means of such a holding or adapter plate, the tufts of bristles can be sucked into the mold insofar as, above all, perforations of this holding plate widening against the direction of suction, specifically guide the individual tufts into the perforations of the half-shape and allow them to enter. At the same time, the ends of the tufts of bristles to be connected are held together well and the heat of fusion to be applied at these ends is kept away from those areas of the bristles which are not to be fused together. In addition, this holding plate allows a better connection to a later brush body or may even be the brush body itself under certain circumstances. If, for example, the holding plate is subsequently encapsulated, it can again be avoided that the melt of the spray material gets between the individual bristles, thereby gluing and connecting the tufts of bristles to an excessive length. In this way, therefore, each individual bristle of a tuft of bristles remains free of the neighboring bristle, so that the elasticity of the individual bristles is completely retained despite the fusion and connection above or in the holding plate below it.

Wenn dabei an der Halteplatte überstehende Vorsprünge ebenfalls mit den dort zunächst überstehenden Borstenenden verschmolzen werden, ergibt sich eine sehr stabile Verbindung aller Borsten innerhalb eines solchen Borstenfeldes mit Halteplatte.If protrusions protruding from the holding plate are also fused to the bristle ends protruding there, a very stable connection results all bristles within such a bristle field with a holding plate.

Eine weitere Verbesserung und Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur gegenseitigen Fixierung der einzelnen Borsten miteinander und auch mit der Halteplatte kann durch Ausnutzung der Beförderung der Borsten mittels Unterdruck in die Form dadurch erreicht werden, daß nach dem Anschmelzen der Enden der Borsten die noch weiche oder teigige Schmelze unter Druck, insbesondere Unterdruck gesetzt und dadurch wenigstens teilweise in innerhalb der Halteplatte befindliche Zwischenräume zwischen den Borsten und/oder zwischen diesen und der Halteplatte gedrückt oder gesaugt wird. Die Schmelze kann so die innerhalb der Halteplatte befindlichen Borstenbereiche weiter stabilisieren und vor allem die sonst zwischen Borsten befindlichen Zwischenräume derart abdichten, daß keine Bakterien und kein Zahnpastaschlamm eindringen können. In vorteilhafter Weise kann dabei der auch zum Befördern in die Form dienende Unterdruck ausgenutzt werden.A further improvement and refinement of the method according to the invention for the mutual fixing of the individual bristles with one another and also with the holding plate can be achieved by utilizing the conveyance of the bristles by means of negative pressure in the mold in that the still soft or pasty melt after the ends of the bristles have melted pressurized, in particular underpressure, and thereby pressed or sucked at least partially into spaces between the bristles and / or between them and the holding plate located within the holding plate. The melt can thus further stabilize the bristle areas located within the holding plate and, above all, seal the spaces between bristles in such a way that no bacteria and no toothpaste sludge can penetrate. Advantageously, the negative pressure that is also used for conveying into the mold can be used.

Nach dem Verschmelzen der Borsten kann die Halteplatte mit einem Bürstenkörper verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt, hochfrequenzverschweißt, verklebt, dauerhaft verrastet oder verschraubt werden. Dadurch können selbst solche Borstenbüschel, die nur durch ihre Verschmelung angekugelt sind, im übrigen aber gegenüber der Halteplatte noch verschiebbar wären, gegen eine axiale Verschiebung bei einer Druckbeaufschlagung gesichert werden.After the bristles have melted, the holding plate can be connected to a brush body, in particular welded, high-frequency welded, glued, permanently locked or screwed. As a result, even such tufts of bristles which are only balled up by their fusion but which would otherwise still be displaceable relative to the holding plate can be secured against axial displacement when pressure is applied.

Nach dem Verbinden mit der Halteplatte kann dann anschließend das Borstenfeld zusammen mit der Halteplatte oder mit dem Bürstenkörper aus der Form ausgeworfen werden.After connecting to the holding plate, the bristle field can then be ejected from the mold together with the holding plate or with the brush body.

Durch das Einfüllen der Borsten mit Hilfe von Unterdruck in die Form ergibt sich eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen nicht nur bei der Beförderung, die im Gegensatz zu einer Preßluftbeförderung praktisch störungsfrei und dennoch sehr effektiv und schnell erfolgen kann und die Beförderung der noch nicht verbundenen, sondern nur büschelweise vereinzelten Borsten erlaubt, sondern es können dabei leicht Borsten unterschiedlichster Eigenschaften in ein- und demselben Borstenfeld kombiniert werden. Beispielsweise können weichere Borsten mit härteren Borsten in einem beliebigen Borstenbild zusammengefaßt werden, indem ein Teil der Saugleitungen zu einem Vorrat von Borstenbüscheln mit weiteren Borsten führt, während härtere Borsten von einem anderen Vorrat her mit zusätzlichen Saugleitungen zu derselben Form aber anderen Lochungen in dieser geführt werden können. Auch unterschiedlich gefärbte Borstenbüschel sind innerhalb eines Borstenfeldes möglich, so daß der Bürstenhersteller die Möglichkeit hat, die ästhetische Wirkung der Bürste durch unterschiedlich gefärbte Borstenbüschel zu beeinflussen. Er kann sogar zum Beispiel durch die Verwendung nur eines einzelnen Borstenbüschels mit gegenüber den anderen Borstenbüscheln anderer Farbgebung eine Herkunftskennzeichnung seiner Bürste erreichen.Filling the bristles into the mold with the help of negative pressure not only results in a number of advantages the transport, which, in contrast to compressed air transport, can be practically trouble-free and yet very effective and fast, and allows the transport of the not yet connected, but only individual bundles of bristles, but bristles of different properties can easily be combined in one and the same bristle field . For example, softer bristles with harder bristles can be combined in any bristle pattern, in that some of the suction lines lead to a stock of bristle tufts with further bristles, while harder bristles are led from another stock with additional suction lines of the same shape but different perforations in it can. Differently colored bristle tufts are also possible within a bristle field, so that the brush manufacturer has the possibility of influencing the aesthetic effect of the brush by means of differently colored bristle tufts. For example, by using only a single bristle tuft with a color different from that of the other bristle tufts, the brush can be identified.

Dennoch wird die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit und insbesondere die Geschwindigkeit beim Füllen der Form nicht beeintächtigt und, da zum Überführen der Borstenbüschel in die Form keine mechanischen Transportmittel, sondern ein durch Unterdruck erzeugter Gasstrom verwendet wird, ist auch eine problemlose Überführung ohne Stauungen, Stauchungen und ohne ein Querlegen von Einzelborsten beispielsweise an Leitungskrümmungen oder am Mündungseintritt in die Ausnehmung der Form möglich, insbesondere dann, wenn der Unterdruck an der Form angelegt ist, so daß der Unterdruck die Borsten automatisch in die Form lenkt, so daß dadurch und durch die Möglichkeit, gleichzeitig alle Borsten eines Borstenfeldes über entsprechende parallele Unterdruckleitungen in die Form einzufüllen, sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten möglich sind.Nevertheless, the working speed and in particular the speed when filling the mold is not impaired and, since no mechanical means of transport are used to transfer the tufts of bristles into the mold, but instead a gas flow generated by negative pressure is also a problem-free transfer without congestion, upsetting and without transverse laying of individual bristles, for example at pipe bends or at the mouth entry into the recess of the mold, especially when the negative pressure is applied to the mold, so that the negative pressure automatically directs the bristles into the mold, so that all bristles thereby and by the possibility of a bristle field into the mold via corresponding parallel vacuum lines, very high working speeds are possible.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art ist zur Lösung der Aufgabe dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mündungen der Leitungen und die Form relativ zueinander bewegbar sind und daß die Form einen Anschluß zum Anlegen eines Unterdruckes an die einzelnen Lochungen hat.To achieve the object, the device according to the invention of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the mouths of the lines and the shape can be moved relative to one another and that the shape has a connection for applying a vacuum to the individual perforations.

Da der Unterdruck an den Lochungen der Form angelegt wird, entsteht also beim Verbinden der Mündungen der Leitungen mit den Eintritten der Lochungen oder einer darauf liegenden Halteplatte ein ununterbrochener, unter Saugdruck stehender Luftweg bis in die Lochungen hinein, so daß die Borsten von den einzelnen Leitungen sicher in die Form übergeführt werden. Dabei spielt es in vorteilhafter Weise keine Rolle, wenn während des Transportes der Borstenbüschel durch die Leitungen einzelne Borsten eines solchen Büschels schneller als die anderen befördert werden, weil sie alle jeweils gezielt in eine Lochung gelangen und dort dann durch die Lochungsform die vorbestimmte gewünschte Büschelform erhalten. Da die Mündungen der Leitungen und die Form relativ zueinander bewegbar sind, insbesondere die Mündungen auch von der Form wegbewegt werden können, lassen sich einerseits unterschiedliche Borstenfelder bilden und andererseits der erforderliche Zutritt für eine Schmelzvorrichtung zum anschließenden Verschmelzen der Borsten miteinander und/oder mit einer Halteplatte schaffen. Dabei können sowohl die Leitungsmündungen als auch die Formen bewegbar sein, so daß die Formen beispielsweise in noch zu beschreibender Weise nach ihrem Füllen zu einer Schmelzstation weitertransportiert werden können, während bereits eine neue Form in den Bereich der Mündungen der Leitungen getracht werden kann.Since the negative pressure is applied to the perforations of the mold, an uninterrupted air path under suction pressure is created into the perforations when connecting the mouths of the lines to the entrances of the perforations or a holding plate lying thereon, so that the bristles of the individual lines be safely transformed into the form. In this case, it advantageously does not matter if individual bristles of such a tuft are conveyed faster than the others during the transport of the tufts of bristles through the lines, because they each specifically get into a perforation and then receive the predetermined desired tuft shape there through the perforation shape . Since the mouths of the lines and the shape can be moved relative to one another, in particular the mouths can also be moved away from the shape, different bristle fields can be formed on the one hand and the access required for a melting device for subsequent melting of the bristles with one another and / or with a holding plate on the other hand create. Both the pipe mouths and the molds can be movable, so that the molds can be transported to a melting station after filling, for example in a manner to be described, while a new mold can already be made in the area of the pipe mouths.

Die Führungsleitungen können an ihrem Einführende - an welchem die Borsten in die Leitungen eingesaugt werden - den Abstand zueinander haben, oder auf den Abstand zueinander einstellbar sein, in welchem die Borstenbüschel vor ihrem Einführen in die Form bereitgestellt sind, und die Austritte oder Mündungen der Leitungen können in Gebrauchsstellung in dem Abstand und der Anordnung vorgesehen oder einstellbar sein, die der Lochanordnung der Form und/oder einer Halteplatte entspricht. Da jedes Borstenbüschel nach seiner Bildung aus einem Borstenvorrat eine eigene Zuführleitung zu der entsprechenden Lochung der Form hat, lassen sich auf diese Weise beliebige geometrische Anordnungen der Borstenbüschel zueinander bilden und beliebige Form beschicken, indem die Leitungen jeweils darauf eingestellt werden können.The guide lines can be at their introductory point, at which the bristles are sucked into the lines, or at a distance from one another be adjustable, in which the tufts of bristles are provided before they are inserted into the mold, and the outlets or openings of the lines can be provided or adjustable in the position of use in the distance and the arrangement that corresponds to the hole arrangement of the mold and / or a holding plate. Since each bristle tuft has its own feed line to the corresponding perforation of the mold after it has been formed from a bristle stock, any geometric arrangements of the bristle tufts with respect to one another can be formed in this way and any shape can be loaded, in that the lines can be adjusted accordingly.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung besteht dabei darin, daß wenigstens ein Borstenmagazin vorgesehen sein kann, in welchem die einzelnen Borsten gegen einen verschieb- und/oder drehbaren Entnahmeschieber gepreßt sind, und daß der quer zu der Entnahme bewegbare Entnahmeschieber mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete, dem Borstenvorrat zugewandte, offene Ausnehmungen zum Bilden von Borstenbüscheln hat und mit seinem diese Ausnehmungen aufweisenden Bereich aus dem Borstenmagazin bis unter die Einzelöffnungen der Leitungen verschiebbar oder verdrehbar ist. Es kann also auf ganz einfache Weise mit Hilfe eines solchen Entnahmeschiebers, in dessen dem Borstenvorrat zugewandtem Rand randoffene Aussparungen oder Ausnehmungen entsprechend der Form und Größe der späteren Borstenbüschel vorgesehen sind, das jeweilige Borstenbüschel gebildet und in den Eintritts-bereich der Saugleitungen übergeführt werden, wobei nach dem Austritt aus dem Borstenmagazin entsprechende Gegenhalter die randoffenen Aussparungen mit den einzelnen Borstenbüscheln schließen. Die Einzelöffnungen der Saugleitungen können dabei auf einfache Weise auf diejenigen Stellen hin orientiert sein oder werden, in denen sich die Borstenbüschel nach dem Entnehmen mit Hilfe des Schiebers befinden. Einfache und schnelle Hin- und Herbewegungen dieses Schiebers genügen also, um die gewünschten Borstenbüschel aus einem Vorrat von Einzelborsten zu bilden und so zu positionieren, daß sie in der schon erwähnten Weise in die Form eingesaugt werden können.An expedient embodiment of the device is that at least one bristle magazine can be provided, in which the individual bristles are pressed against a displaceable and / or rotatable removal slide, and that the removal slide movable transversely to the removal is arranged at a distance from one another, the bristle supply has facing, open recesses for forming tufts of bristles and, with its region having these recesses, is displaceable or rotatable from the bristle magazine to below the individual openings of the lines. The respective bristle tufts can thus be formed in a very simple manner with the aid of such a removal slide, in whose open-ended recesses or recesses corresponding to the shape and size of the later bristle tufts, in the edge facing the bristle stock, and transferred to the inlet area of the suction lines, whereby After exiting the bristle magazine, the corresponding counterholders close the open-edge recesses with the individual tufts of bristles. The individual openings of the suction lines can be or are oriented in a simple manner to those locations in which the tufts of bristles are located after removal with the aid of the slide. Simple and quick back and forth movements of this slider are therefore sufficient to form the desired tufts of bristles from a supply of individual bristles and to position them so that they can be sucked into the mold in the manner already mentioned.

Als Leitungen können Schläuche und/oder Rohre vorgesehen sein und insbesondere im Bereich des Einführendes und/oder der Mündung können zur Verstellbarkeit dieser Bereiche die Leitungen flexibel sein. Dies erleichtert die schon erwähnte Einstellung und Bewegbarkeit insbesondere in den Mündungsbereichen.Hoses and / or pipes can be provided as lines, and in particular in the area of the introduction end and / or the mouth, the lines can be flexible for the adjustability of these areas. This facilitates the adjustment and mobility already mentioned, particularly in the mouth areas.

Ausgestaltungen der Zuführleitungen und insbesondere ihrer Eintrittsöffnungen sowie auch der Austritte sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 10 und 11 Die darin angegebenen Maßnahmen erleichtern einerseits das sichere Einsaugen aller Borsten eines Borstenbüschels und andererseits die Zuordnung zu einer Halteplatte und deren Lochungsbild.Embodiments of the feed lines and in particular their inlet openings and also the outlets are the subject of claims 10 and 11. The measures specified therein on the one hand facilitate the safe suction of all bristles of a tuft of bristles and on the other hand the assignment to a holding plate and its perforation pattern.

Um das Einbringen der einzelnen Borsten in die Lochung der Form weiterzuverbessern und insbesondere eine dichte Füllung mit möglichst vielen Borsten in einer solchen Lochung zu erreichen, ohne daß die "zuletzt" ankommenden Borsten sich an schon in den Lochungen befindlichen Borsten stauchen, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Einführgeschwindigkeit der Borsten dadurch erhöht wird, daß die Mündungen der Leitungen Verjüngungen oder Verengungen, vorzugsweise - in der Art einer Venturi-Düse - mit anschließender Erweiterung aufweisen. An einer solchen Verengung wird die durch den Unterdruck bewirkte Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Luft- oder Gasstromes je nach Grad der Verengung erhöht, so daß die Borsten mit entsprechend großer Geschwindigkeit und einem entsprechend hohen Impuls in die Lochung der Form gelangen und sich aufgrund ihrer zuvor schon angekugelten Enden zwischen schon in der Lochung befindliche Borsten schieben können. Falls dabei die eine oder andere Borste nicht mehr in die Lochung gelangt, kann sie dennoch bei dem anschließenden Verschmelzungsprozeß von vorteil sein, weil sie dann mit den überstehenden und Zu verschmelzenden Enden der eingefüllten Borsten mitverschmolzen werden kann.In order to further improve the introduction of the individual bristles into the perforation of the mold and in particular to achieve a dense filling with as many bristles as possible in such a perforation without the "last" arriving bristles being compressed on bristles already in the perforations, it is expedient to if the insertion speed of the bristles is increased in that the mouths of the lines have tapering or narrowing, preferably - in the manner of a Venturi nozzle - with subsequent widening. At such a constriction, the flow velocity of the air or gas flow caused by the negative pressure is increased depending on the degree of constriction, so that the bristles enter the perforation of the mold at a correspondingly high speed and with a correspondingly high momentum and, due to their ends which have already been sphered, become tangled can slide between bristles already in the perforation. If one or the other bristle no longer gets into the perforation, it can still be used the subsequent fusion process may be advantageous because it can then be fused with the protruding and fused ends of the filled bristles.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung von ganz erheblicher Bedeutung kann darin bestehen, daß die Lochungen zur Aufnahme der Borstenbüschel in der Form Sacklöcher sind, deren Böden oder innere Stirnseiten eine Negativform oder -kontur zur Formung der Enden der jeweiligen Borstenbüschel haben und beispielsweise als Hohlkegel oder -spitze, Hohl-Halbkugel, Abschrägung, Ebene oder eine Kombination dieser Hohlformen ausgebildet sind. Somit kann beim Einsaugen eines Borstenbüschels gleich auch die geometrische Form seines späteren Arbeitsendes hergestellt werden, so daß ein Beschneiden der Arbeitsenden der Borstenbüschel nach der Zusammenfassung zu Borstenfeldern nicht mehr erforderlich ist und somit die Arbeitsenden der einzelnen Borsten von vorne herein abgerundet sein können.A further embodiment of the device of very significant importance can consist in that the perforations for receiving the tufts of bristles are blind holes, the bottoms or inner end faces of which have a negative shape or contour for shaping the ends of the respective tufts of bristles and, for example, as a hollow cone or - pointed, hollow hemisphere, bevel, level or a combination of these hollow shapes are formed. Thus, when a tuft of bristles is sucked in, the geometric shape of its later working end can be produced at the same time, so that trimming the working ends of the tufts of bristles is no longer necessary after they have been combined into bristle fields and the working ends of the individual bristles can therefore be rounded off from the beginning.

Von allen Bohrungen oder Lochungen der Form kann jeweils oberhalb von deren Boden ein Saugkanal seitlich, ggf. rechtwinklig abgehen und diese Kanäle können zu dem Sauganschluß führen und zusammengefaßt sein. Dadurch wird der Saugdruck bis in das Innere der Lochungen der Form aufrechterhalten, ohne daß jedoch Einzelborsten in die Saugkanäle eingezogen werden können, wie dies bei einem Anschluß in Verlängerung der Lochungen der Form möglich wäre.A suction channel can emerge laterally, possibly at right angles, from all the bores or perforations of the mold, above their bottom, and these channels can lead to the suction connection and can be combined. As a result, the suction pressure is maintained right into the interior of the perforations in the mold, but without individual bristles being able to be drawn into the suction channels, as would be possible with a connection in the extension of the perforations in the mold.

Eine Alternativ-Lösung bezüglich der Sauganschlüsse kann darin bestehen, daß die Böden der Lochungen in der Form in einem porösen Einsatz, insbesondere in einem Keramikeinsatz, Sintereinsatz , Sieb, Filz, Textilien od.dgl. vorgesehen sind, unter welchem eine mit dem Vakuumanschluß verbundene oder versehene Kammer od. dgl. vorgesehen ist. In diesem Falle kann der Unterdruck unmittelbar in Verlängerung der einzelnen Lochungen angelegt werden, da die Poren eines solchen porösen Einsatzes viel kleiner als der Querschnitt einer Einzelborste sind.An alternative solution with regard to the suction connections can be that the bottoms of the perforations in the mold in a porous insert, in particular in a ceramic insert, sinter insert, sieve, felt, textiles or the like. are provided, under which one with the vacuum connection connected or provided chamber or the like is provided. In this case, the negative pressure can be applied directly in the extension of the individual perforations, since the pores of such a porous insert are much smaller than the cross section of a single bristle.

Um die Sicherheit zu vergrößern, daß jedes Borstenbüschel nach dem Einfüllen in die Form die gewünschte geometrische Ausbildung hat und vor allem alle Einzelborsten in der richtigen Lage auch in ihrer Längsrichtung liegen, können die Böden der einzelnen Lochungen von der Stirnseite von in den Lochungen verschiebbaren Stempeln gebildet sein, die beim Füllen tiefer als beim Verschmelzen der Borsten angeordnet sind und in eine der exakten Büschellänge entsprechende Höhe, ggf. über die Saugkanäle der Lochungen, anhebbar sind. Somit können die Saugkanäle relativ tief liegen, so daß die Borsten entsprechend tief in die Lochungen eingesaugt werden. Wenn aber aufgrund eines gewissen Abstandes der Saugkanäle von dem Lochungsboden die eine oder andere Borste diesen Boden zunächst nicht erreicht, wird dies durch das anschließende Anheben der Böden dennoch bewerkstelligt.In order to increase the certainty that each tuft of bristles has the desired geometric design after being poured into the mold and, above all, that each individual bristle is in the correct position in its longitudinal direction, the bottoms of the individual perforations can be stamped from the front side of the perforations be formed, which are arranged deeper when filling than when the bristles melt and can be raised to a height corresponding to the exact tuft length, possibly via the suction channels of the perforations. Thus, the suction channels can be relatively deep, so that the bristles are sucked deep into the holes. If, however, due to a certain distance of the suction channels from the perforated floor, one or the other bristle does not initially reach this floor, this is nevertheless accomplished by the subsequent lifting of the floors.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung von eigener schutzwürdiger Bedeutung kann bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art darin bestehen, daß die Böden der Lochungen oder Bohrungen der Form geriffelt oder profiliert oder aufgerauht sind, wobei einzelne Borsten jeweils zwischen die dabei gebildeten Erhöhungen und andere auf diese Erhöhungen passen, so daß die Einzelborsten eines Borstenbüschels an dessen freiem Arbeitsende geringfügig unterschiedliche Längen haben. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ein wesentlich besseres Reinigungsergebnis mit solchen Zahnbürsten erzielt werden kann, bei denen nicht nur das Arbeitsende des gesamten Borstenbüschels eine günstige geometrische Form hat, sondern bei dem außerdem die Einzelborsten eines Borstenbüschels nicht alle ganz exakt auf der Oberfläche dieser geometrischen Form liegen, sondern davon jeweils etwas abweichende Längen haben, so daß also einzelne Borsten gegenüber Nachbarborsten geringfügig überstehen. Dies kann durch die vorerwähnte Maßnahme auf einfache Weise bereits beim Einfüllen der Borsten in die Form erreicht werden, wenn die erwähnte Riffelung oder Profilierung oder Aufrauhung an den Böden der Lochungen der Form vorgesehen ist, wobei die erwünschte Anordnung der freien Enden der Borsten besonders leicht und schnell dann erreicht wird, wenn sie in die Form eingesaugt und insbesondere anschließend der Boden noch in eine entgültige Höhenlage verschoben wird.A further embodiment of the invention of its own worthy of protection can consist in a device of the type mentioned in the fact that the bottoms of the holes or holes of the shape are corrugated or profiled or roughened, with individual bristles between the ridges formed and others on these ridges fit so that the individual bristles of a bristle tuft at its free working end have slightly different lengths. It has been shown that a much better cleaning result can be achieved with such toothbrushes, in which not only the working end of the entire bristle tuft has a favorable geometric shape, but also in which the individual bristles of a bristle tuft are not all exactly on the surface of this geometric Form, but each have slightly different lengths, so that individual bristles protrude slightly from neighboring bristles. This can be achieved by the aforementioned measure in a simple manner already when filling the bristles into the mold, if the mentioned corrugation or profiling or roughening is provided on the bottoms of the perforations in the mold, the desired arrangement of the free ends of the bristles being particularly light and is quickly achieved when it is sucked into the mold and, in particular, afterwards the floor is still moved to a final altitude.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 18 bis 25.Further refinements of the device according to the invention are the subject of claims 18 to 25.

Dabei gibt Anspruch 18 eine Ausgestaltung an, mit der gleichzeitig mehrere Formen auf dieselbe vorteilhafte Weise mit Borsten beschickt werden können, so daß eine noch rationellere und schnellere Bürstenfertigung möglich ist.Claim 18 specifies a configuration with which several shapes can be loaded with bristles in the same advantageous manner at the same time, so that an even more rational and faster brush production is possible.

Dazu trägt auch die Maßnahme des Anspruches 19 bei, der aber außerdem auch eine Möglichkeit beinhaltet, wie in ein und demselben Borstenfeld unterschiedliche Borsten und/oder Borstenbüschel angeordnet werden können.The measure of claim 19 also contributes to this, but also includes a possibility of how different bristles and / or tufts of bristles can be arranged in one and the same bristle field.

Anspruch 20 stellt eine einfache und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung dar, wie mit einem einzigen Schieber schon eine wesentlich größere Zahl von Borstenbüscheln und dabei eventuell auch von unterschiedlichen Borsten bereitgestellt werden können, da in jedem der darin erwähnten Borstenmagazine verschiedene Borsten bereitgehalten werden können.Claim 20 represents a simple and expedient embodiment of how a significantly larger number of bristle tufts and possibly also different bristles can be provided with a single slide, since different bristles can be kept ready in each of the bristle magazines mentioned therein.

Anspruch 21 betrifft die Möglichkeit, die Fertigung weiter zu beschleunigen und zu rationalisieren und dabei die Möglichkeit der Kombination unterschiedlicher Borsten und Formen von Borstenbüscheln zu vergrößern.Claim 21 relates to the possibility of further accelerating and rationalizing the production and thereby increasing the possibility of combining different bristles and shapes of bristle tufts.

Anspruch 23 ist eine Ausgestaltung der gesamten Vorrichtung in der Weise, daß auch die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte wie das Füllen der Form, das anschließende Verschmelzen und das Verbinden mit einem Bürstenkörper jeweils etwa gleichzeitig durchgeführt werden können.Claim 23 is an embodiment of the entire device in such a way that the individual work steps such as filling the mold, the subsequent melting and connecting to a brush body can each be carried out approximately simultaneously.

Eine wesentliche Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung enthält Anspruch 25 wobei die darin erwähnte Halte- und Einführplatte, die vorstehend schon erwähnt wurde, zunächst Teil der Vorrichtung ist, später aber einen Teil der hergestellten Bürste bildet. Vor jedem Füllvorgang einer Form ist also eine neue derartige Halteplatte zuzuführen, wofür an dem Kettenband gemäß Anspruch 23 vor der Station zum Füllen der Formen eine Arbeitsstation zum Auflegen solchen Halteplatten auf die Formen vorgesehen sein kann.An essential embodiment of the device contains claim 25, wherein the holding and insertion plate mentioned therein, which has already been mentioned above, is initially part of the device, but later forms part of the brush produced. Before each filling process of a mold, a new holding plate of this type is to be supplied, for which purpose a work station for placing such holding plates on the molds can be provided on the chain belt according to claim 23 in front of the station for filling the molds.

Neben der Verbesserung des Einführens der Borsten und des besseren Zusammenhaltens der Borstenbüschel vor allem nach dem Verschmelzen und ggf. beim Umspritzen der verschmolzenen Borstenenden hat diese Halteplatte noch den zusätzlichen Vorteil, daß sie dem Bürstenhersteller weitere Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten z.B. dahingehend bietet, daß diese Platte und der eigentliche Bürstenkörper unterschiedlich gefärbt sein können. Sind die Lochungen der Halteplatte leicht konisch, ergeben sich sogenannte offene Borstenbündel, bei denen die einzelnen Borsten nicht durch einen Anker zusammengedrückt werden und deshalb voneinander getrennt einzeln stehen und dadurch bessere Reinigungsergebnisse erzielen können.In addition to improving the insertion of the bristles and the better holding together of the bristle tufts, especially after the fusing and, if necessary, when the fused bristle ends are encapsulated, this holding plate has the additional advantage that it provides the brush manufacturer with further design options, e.g. offers that this plate and the actual brush body can be colored differently. If the perforations of the holding plate are slightly conical, so-called open bristle bundles result, in which the individual bristles are not pressed together by an anchor and are therefore separate from one another and can therefore achieve better cleaning results.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des Füllens der Form mit Hilfe von Unterdruck besteht darin, daß eventuell an den Borstenenden durch deren Anrunden noch hängengebliebener Schleifstaub praktisch vollkommen entfernt wird, während bisher bei den herkömmlichen Stanzverfahren dieser Schleifstaub kaum entfernt werden könnte und jeder neuen Zahnbürste eine beachtliche Menge solchen Schleifstaubes anhaftet.A major advantage of filling the mold with the aid of negative pressure is that any grinding dust still stuck to the bristle ends due to their rounding is practically completely removed, whereas in the conventional stamping process this grinding dust has scarcely been removed could be and every new toothbrush adheres a considerable amount of such grinding dust.

Da die Borsten eingesaugt und durch Verschmelzen an der Halteplatte fixiert werden, entfällt die herkömmliche Ankerbefestigung mit den durch die Ankerbefestigung bedingten Kerben, die bisher zu Spannungsrissen im Borstenfeld führen konnten. Somit wird auch vermieden, daß einzelne Borsten in solche Ankerfurchen auswandern und dann einzeln abstehen. Dabei werden all diese Vorteile vor allem bei Kombination einzelner oder mehrerer der vorbeschriebenen und in den Ansprüchen enthaltenen Merkmalen und Maßnahmen bei einer sehr rationellen und schnellen Fertigung erzielt, bei der alle Borsten eines Borstenfeldes gleichzeitig in die Form eingefüllt werden können.Since the bristles are sucked in and fixed to the holding plate by fusing, the conventional anchor fastening with the notches caused by the anchor fastening, which previously could lead to stress cracks in the bristle field, is eliminated. This also prevents individual bristles from migrating into such anchor grooves and then sticking out individually. All these advantages are achieved especially when combining one or more of the features and measures described above and in the claims in a very rational and fast production, in which all bristles of a bristle field can be filled into the mold at the same time.

In den Fällen , in denen zwar jeweils die Borsten einzelner Borstenbüschel verschmolzen, die Borstenbüschel aber nicht gleichzeitig untereinander verbunden werden, können diese zu Borstenbündeln verschmolzenen Borstenbüschel in vorteilhafter Weise verwendet werden, um pinsel herzustellen, wobei in vorteilhafter Weise die Herstellung der einzelnen Borstenbündel mit hoher Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit und Präzision und gleichzeitig guter Festigkeit der Borstenbündel erfolgen kann.In those cases in which the bristles of individual bristle tufts are fused, but the bristle tufts are not connected to one another at the same time, these bristle tufts fused into bristle bundles can advantageously be used to produce brushes, the manufacture of the individual bristle bundles advantageously having a high level Working speed and precision and at the same time good strength of the bristle bundle can take place.

Wenn Borstenfeldern aus zusammenhängenden Borstenbüscheln mit einer sie verbindenden und stabilisierenden Halteplatte gebildet werden sollen, ist es jedoch günstig, wenn die Lochungen in der Halteplatte auf der den Arbeitsenden der Borsten abgewandten Oberseite Einsenkungen haben, die die verschmolzenen Enden der Borsten der einzelnen Borstenbüschel in sich aufnehmen und die gegebenenfalls an den einander zugewandten Rändern unterhalb der Plattenoberfläche ineinander übergehen.If bristle fields are to be formed from coherent tufts of bristles with a retaining plate connecting and stabilizing them, however, it is expedient if the perforations in the retaining plate on the upper side facing away from the working ends of the bristles have depressions which accommodate the fused ends of the bristles of the individual bristle tufts and which merge into one another at the mutually facing edges below the plate surface.

Ferner können auf der Seite der Halte- und Einführplatte, auf der die zu verschmelzenden Borsten überstehen, zwischen den Lochungen Erhöhungen, Vorsprünge, Noppen oder dergleichen aus schmelzbarem Werkstoff vorstehen. Mit diesen können dann die überstehenden Borsten verschmolzen werden, wenn ein entsprechender Schmelzstempel genügend weit abwärts gedrückt wird, bis er diese Vorsprünge, Noppen oder dergleichen und die Borstenenden berührt, schmilzt und gleichzeitig staucht. Die Schmelze, die von den Borstenenden und diesen Vorsprüngen der Platte gebildet wird, kann dann ineinanderfließen und gewissermaßen eine Verschweißung vor allem dann bewirken, wenn die Borsten und die Platte aus übereinstimmendem Werkstoff betsehen. Aber auch bei verschiedenen Werkstoffen ergibt sich so eine innige Verbindung zwischen den Borsten und der Platte.Furthermore, on the side of the holding and insertion plate on which the bristles to be fused protrude, bumps, protrusions, knobs or the like can form between the perforations project meltable material. The protruding bristles can then be fused with these if a corresponding melting punch is pressed sufficiently far down until it touches these projections, knobs or the like and the bristle ends, melts and compresses them at the same time. The melt, which is formed by the bristle ends and these projections of the plate, can then flow into one another and, as it were, bring about welding, especially if the bristles and the plate are made of the same material. But even with different materials, there is an intimate connection between the bristles and the plate.

Die Halteplatte kann dabei einen Flansch oder eine Dichtlippe aufweisen, der die nach dem Einfügen in eine die Halteplatte in sich aufnehmende Ausnehmung des Bürstenkörpers deren Rand übergreift. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß beispielsweise Reinigungsmittel nach und nach in die die Halteplatte in sich aufnehmende Ausnehmung eindringen und das Aussehen der Bürste verschlechtern und auch die Verbindung allmählich lockern kann. In den Ansprüchen 29 und 30 ist eine ebenfalls zur Lösung der Aufgabe geeignete Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art gekennzeichnet, die eine leitungslose Zuführung der Borsten zu den Formen und deren Lochungen erlaubt, wobei aber wiederum in vorteilhafter Weise Unterdruck zum Einführen der Borsten in die Lochungen der Formen eingesetzt wird. Eine solche Vorrichtung ist dann vorteilhaft, wenn ein Vereinzelungsschieber für die Borstenbüschel unmittelbar bis über die Eintrittsöffnungen der Form oder der darauf liegenden Halteplatte bewegt werden kann.The holding plate can have a flange or a sealing lip which, after being inserted into a recess of the brush body which receives the holding plate, engages over the edge thereof. This prevents, for example, that cleaning agents gradually penetrate into the recess in the holding plate and deteriorate the appearance of the brush and also gradually loosen the connection. In claims 29 and 30, a device suitable for solving the problem of the type mentioned is characterized, which allows a wire-free supply of the bristles to the molds and their perforations, but again advantageously negative pressure for inserting the bristles into the perforations of the Forms is used. Such a device is advantageous if a separating slide for the tufts of bristles can be moved directly up to the inlet openings of the mold or the holding plate lying thereon.

Die Ansprüche 32 und 33 betreffen den drehbaren Entnahmeschieber, der eine erhebliche Beschleunigung des Arbeitsablaufes und der Borstenzufuhr deshalb erlaubt, weil er kontinuierlich in gleichbleibender Richtung bewegt und gedreht werden kann, also die Zeit für einen Leerhub, die bei einem verschiebbaren Entnahmeschieber für dessen Zurückbewegung zu dem oder den Borstenmagazinen notwendig ist, eingespart wird.The claims 32 and 33 relate to the rotatable removal slide, which allows a considerable acceleration of the workflow and the bristle supply, because it can be moved and rotated continuously in the same direction, i.e. the time for an idle stroke, in the case of a displaceable removal slide for its return movement the bristle magazine or magazines is necessary, is saved.

Nachstehend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung mit deren wesentlichen Einzelheiten anhand der Zeichnung noch näher beschrieben.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with their essential details using the drawing.

Es zeigt in zum Teil schematisierter Darstellung:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, mit welcher aus einem Borstenvorrat oder Borstenfüllkasten zu Borstenbüscheln zusammengefaßte Borsten mittels Leitungen einer an einen Unterdruck angeschlossenen Form zugeführt werden,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht der Borstenmagazine oder -füllkästen mit einem zwischen ihnen hin- und herbewegbaren, an den seitlichen Rändern offene Aussparungen aufweisenden Schieber zum büschelweisen Entnehmen der Borsten aus den Borstenmagazinen und Zuführen zu den Eintritten der Saugleitungen,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht eines möglichen Borstenfeldbildes bzw. einer entsprechenden Form, wobei angedeutet ist, daß die einzelnen Lochungen unterschiedliche Querschnitte und/oder Konturen haben können,
Fig. 4
eine Vorrichtung gemäßg Fig. 1 im Zusammenwirken mit einem Kettenband, welches die zu beschickende Form zu verschiedenen Arbeitsstationen und dabei auch zu der Füllstation mit Hilfe der Saugleitungen gemäß Fig. 1, davor zu einer Station zum Auflegen von einer Halteplatte und danach zu einer Schmelzstation zum Verschmelzen der Borstenenden und anschließend zu einer Station zum Verbinden mit einem Bürstenkörper überführt.
Fig. 5
einen Teilschnitt durch eine Form, bei welcher die Halteplatte in eine nach oben offene Ausnehmung eingepaßt ist und die überstehenden Borstenenden verkugelt sind.
Fig. 6
eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung, bei welcher die Lochungen der Halteplatte sich zu der Oberseite erweitern und die Borsten innerhalb der Halteplatte verschmolzen sind,
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht der Anordnung nach Fig. 6 nach dem Verschmelzen der Enden der Borstenbüschel,
Fig. 8
eine Halteplatte mit daran verschmolzenen Borsten, die einen umlaufenden Dichtungsflansch hat, vor dem Einsetzen in einen Bürstenkörper,
Fig. 9
eine selbst als Bürstenkörper ausgebildete Halteplatte mit an ihr zusammengeschmolzenen Borsten vor dem Einfügen einer die Schmelzbereiche der Borstenbüschel verschließenden Abdeckplatte,
Fig. 10
einen Teillängsschnitt durch eine fertiggestellte Bürste mit einer in eine Ausnehmung des Bürstenkörpers eingefügten Halteplatte, wobei die Borsten eines Borstenbüschels an ihren Arbeitsenden verschiedene Längen haben,
Fig. 11
eine Stirnseite der Bürste und des Borstenfeldes gemäß Fig. 10,
Fig. 12
eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Borstenbüschels, dessen einzelne Borsten an den Arbeitsenden zwei verschiedene Längen haben,
Fig. 13
die Draufsicht eines Borstenbüschels gemäß Fig. 12, dessen Einzelborsten alle über die gesamte Länge bis zu der Halteplatte voneinander getrennt sind.
Fig. 14
eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer abgewandelten Vorrichtung, mit welcher aus einem Borstenvorrat zu Borstenbüscheln zusammengefasste Borsten mittels Leitungen und an diese anlegbarem Unterdruck einer Form beschleunigt zugeführt werden,
Fig. 15
eine abgewandelte Vorrichtung, mit welcher aus einem Borstenvorrat zu Borstenbüscheln zusammengefasste Borsten mittels einer im wesentlichen aus einem Schieber und einer gelochten Zuführplatte bestehenden Zuführeinrichtung der Form zugeführt und über die Lochungen der Form gebracht werden, sowie
Fig. 16
eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung, wobei statt eines hin- und herbewegbaren Schiebers ein als Drehscheibe ausgebildeter drehbarer Schieber vorgesehen ist.
It shows in a partially schematic representation:
Fig. 1
a device according to the invention, with which bristles combined from a bristle stock or bristle filling box to form bristle tufts are fed by means of lines to a mold connected to a vacuum,
Fig. 2
3 shows a top view of the bristle magazines or filling boxes with a slide which can be moved back and forth between them and has cutouts which are open at the lateral edges for tuft-wise removal of the bristles from the bristle magazines and supply to the inlet of the suction lines,
Fig. 3
3 shows a plan view of a possible bristle field image or a corresponding shape, it being indicated that the individual perforations can have different cross sections and / or contours,
Fig. 4
1 in cooperation with a chain belt, which the form to be loaded to different workstations and thereby also to the filling station with the aid of the suction lines according to FIG. 1, before that to a station for placing a holding plate and then to a melting station for Fusion of the bristle ends and then transferred to a station for connection to a brush body.
Fig. 5
a partial section through a shape in which the holding plate is fitted into an upwardly open recess and the projecting bristle ends are spherical.
Fig. 6
5 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 5, in which the perforations of the holding plate widen towards the top and the bristles are fused within the holding plate,
Fig. 7
6 after the ends of the bristle tufts have been fused,
Fig. 8
a holding plate with bristles fused to it, which has a circumferential sealing flange, before being inserted into a brush body,
Fig. 9
a holding plate itself designed as a brush body with bristles melted together on it before the insertion of a cover plate closing the melting areas of the bristle tufts,
Fig. 10
3 shows a partial longitudinal section through a finished brush with a holding plate inserted into a recess in the brush body, the bristles of a tuft of bristles having different lengths at their working ends,
Fig. 11
an end face of the brush and the bristle field according to FIG. 10,
Fig. 12
an enlarged view of a tuft of bristles, the individual bristles of which have two different lengths at the working ends,
Fig. 13
the top view of a tuft of bristles according to FIG. 12, the individual bristles are all separated from one another over the entire length up to the holding plate.
Fig. 14
1 corresponding representation of a modified device, with which bristles are combined from a bristle stock into bristle tufts by means of lines and vacuum that can be applied to them accelerated to a mold,
Fig. 15
a modified device with which bristles combined from a bristle stock into bristle tufts are fed to the mold by means of a feed device consisting essentially of a slide and a perforated feed plate, and are brought over the perforations of the mold, and
Fig. 16
an illustration corresponding to FIG. 2, wherein instead of a reciprocating slide a rotary disc designed as a turntable is provided.

Eine im Ganzen mit 1 bezeichnete, vor allem in den Fig. 1, 4, 14 und 15 erkennbare Vorrichtung dient zum Herstellen von Borstenfeldern 2 (vgl. z.B. Fig. 8, 9 und 10) oder Bursten 3 (vgl. wiederum Fig. 9 und 10). Dabei werden die Enden von einzelnen Kunststoffborsten 4 eines Borstenbüschels 5 gemäß Fig. 5 oder Fig. 6 miteinander und/oder mit denen eines Nachbarbüschels verschmolzen. Zu der Vorrichtung 1 gehört gemäß Fig. 1 und 4 eine mit Lochungen 6 versehene Form 7, die dabei eine Halbform ist, d.h. deren Lochungen 6 Sacklochungen sind. In diese Lochungen 6 paßt jeweils ein Borstenbüschel 5, wobei aber die zu verschmelzenden Enden 8 der Borsten 4 gemäß Fig. 1 überstehen.A device designated as a whole by 1 and recognizable above all in FIGS. 1, 4, 14 and 15 is used to produce bristle fields 2 (see, for example, FIGS. 8, 9 and 10) or bristles 3 (see again FIG. 9) and 10). The ends of individual plastic bristles 4 of a tuft of bristles 5 according to FIG. 5 or 6 are fused to one another and / or to those of a neighboring tuft. According to FIGS. 1 and 4, the device 1 includes a shape 7 provided with perforations 6, which is a semi-shape, i.e. the perforations are 6 blind holes. A tuft of bristles 5 fits into these perforations 6, but the ends 8 of the bristles 4 to be fused, as shown in FIG. 1, protrude.

Gemäß Fig. 1, 4 u. 14 hat die zu der Vorrichtung 1 gehörende Form 7 einen Anschluß oder Anschlußstutzen 9 zum Anlegen eines Unterdruckes an die einzelnen Lochungen 6 und es sind Zuführleitungen 10, im folgenden auch einfach Leitungen 10 genannt, vorgesehen, wobei zu jeder zu füllenden Lochung 6 eine Leitung 10 führt. Die Querschnitte dieser Leitungen 10 entsprechen dabei wenigstens denen der in ihnen zu transportierenden und zu führenden Borstenbüschel 5, so daß jede Leitung 10 jeweils ein Borstenbüschel 5 transportieren kann. Die Mündungen 11 der Leitungen 10 und die Form 7 sind dabei relativ zueinander bewegbar, wie es in Fig. 1 und 14 durch den Doppelpfeil Pf 1 für die Mündungen 11 und in Fig. 4 durch den Pfeil Pf 2 für die Form 7 angedeutet ist.1, 4 u. 14 has the form 7 belonging to the device 1 a connection or connecting piece 9 for applying a negative pressure to the individual perforations 6 and supply lines 10, hereinafter also simply referred to as lines 10, are provided, with a line 10 for each hole 6 to be filled leads. The cross sections of these lines 10 correspond at least to those of the bristle tufts 5 to be transported and guided in them, so that each line 10 can transport a tuft of bristles 5. The orifices 11 of the lines 10 and the form 7 can be moved relative to one another, as is indicated in FIGS. 1 and 14 by the double arrow Pf 1 for the orifices 11 and in FIG. 4 by the arrow Pf 2 for the form 7.

An ihrem Einführende 12 haben die Führungsleitungen 10 den Abstand zueinander oder sind ggf. auf einen solchen Abstand einstellbar, in welchem die Borstenbüschel 5 vor ihrem Einführen in die Form 7 gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 bereitgestellt sind. In Fig. 1 ist dargestellt, daß dabei die Einführenden 12 durch eine Einführplatte 13 gebildet oder zusammengehalten werden. Die Austritte oder Mündungen 11 der Leitungen 10 sind gemäß Fig. 1 in Gebrauchsstellung in dem Abstand und der Anordnung vorgesehen oder einstellbar, die der beispielhaft in Fig. 3 erkennbaren Lochanordnung der Form 7 oder einer gemäß Fig. 1 auf die Form auflegbaren Halteplatte 14 entspricht. Somit können die Borsten nach Anlegen eines Unterdruckes an den Anschluß 9 an den Eintritten 12 eingesaugt, durch die Leitungen 10 transportiert und in die Lochungen 6 der Form 7 hineingezogen werden, wobei dann selbstverständlich die Mündungen 11 der Leitung 10 auf die Form 7 bzw. die Halteplatte 14 abgesenkt sind oder die Form 7 angehoben ist.At their introducer 12, the guide lines 10 are at a distance from one another or, if necessary, can be set to a distance at which the tufts of bristles 5 are provided before they are inserted into the mold 7 according to FIGS. 1 and 2. In Fig. 1 it is shown that the insertion ends 12 are formed or held together by an insertion plate 13. The outlets or outlets 11 of the lines 10 are provided or adjustable according to FIG. 1 in the position of use in the distance and the arrangement which corresponds to the hole arrangement of the shape 7 which can be recognized by way of example in FIG. 3 or a holding plate 14 which can be placed on the shape according to FIG. 1 . Thus, the bristles can be sucked in at the inlets 12 after applying a negative pressure to the connection 9, transported through the lines 10 and drawn into the perforations 6 of the mold 7, in which case, of course, the mouths 11 of the line 10 onto the mold 7 or Holding plate 14 are lowered or the shape 7 is raised.

Gemäß Fig. 1, 2, 4 14 und 15 gehört zu der Vorrichtung auch wenigstens ein Borstenmagazin 15, wobei im Ausführungsbeispiel zwei derartige Borstenmagazine 15 mit einander zugewandten Entnahmestellen 16 vorgesehen sind, die von jeweils entgegengesetzten Seiten gemäß denPfeilen Pf 3 unter Druck stehen, so daß die in ihnen befindlichen Borsten 4 immer wieder zu den Entnahmestellen 16 hin gebracht und gedrückt werden. Dadurch werden die Borsten 4 gegen einen Entnahmeschieber 17 gepreßt, der an diesen Entnahmestellen 16 den Borstenvorrat jeweils begrenzt. Dieser quer zu der Entnahmestelle 16 bewegbare Entnahmeschieber 17 hat gemäß Fig. 2 mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete, dem Borstenvorrat jeweils zugewandte und zu diesem hin randoffene Ausnehmungen oder Aussparungen 18 zum Bilden der Borstenbüschel 5. Dieser Entnahmeschieber 17 ist mit seinem diese Ausnehmungen 18 aufweisenden Bereich aus dem Borstenmagazin 15 bis unter die Einführöffnungen 12 der Leitungen 10 verschiebbar, wobei die Zeichnungen diese Verschiebestellung zeigen.1, 2, 4 14 and 15, the device also includes at least one bristle magazine 15, in the exemplary embodiment two such bristle magazines 15 are provided with mutually facing removal points 16, which are under pressure from opposite sides according to arrows Pf 3, so that the bristles 4 in them are repeatedly brought to the removal points 16 and pressed. As a result, the bristles 4 are pressed against a removal slide 17, which in each case limits the supply of bristles at these removal points 16. This across the tapping point 16 movable removal slide 17 has, according to FIG. 2, at a distance from each other, facing the bristle supply and towards the edge open recesses or recesses 18 for forming the bristle tufts 5. This removal slide 17 is with its area having these recesses 18 from the bristle magazine 15 to below the insertion openings 12 of the lines 10 are displaceable, the drawings showing this displacement position.

Als Leitungen 10 können Schläuche und/oder Rohre vorgesehen sein, wobei insbesondere im Bereich des Einführendes 12 und/ oder der Mündung 11 zur Durchführung der Verstellbewegung dieser Bereiche die Leitungen 10 flexibel sind.Hoses and / or pipes can be provided as lines 10, the lines 10 being flexible in particular in the area of the insertion end 12 and / or the mouth 11 for carrying out the adjustment movement of these areas.

Die Einführenden 12 der Leitungen 10 sind zu einem Einführkopf, im Ausführungsbeispiel der schon erwähnten Einführplatte 13, verbunden oder an einem solchen Einführkopf befestigt. Dabei sind die Einführöffnungen 19 im Ausführungsbeispiel trichterförmig mit sich von einem größeren Querschnitt auf den Leitungsquerschnitt verjüngenden Verlauf ausgebildet, so daß mit entsprechend großer Sicherheit alle einzelnen Borsten 4 eines jeweiligen Borstenbüschels 5 eingesaugt und büschelweise weitertransportiert werden können.The insertion ends 12 of the lines 10 are connected to an insertion head, in the exemplary embodiment of the insertion plate 13 already mentioned, or fastened to such an insertion head. In this case, the insertion openings 19 in the exemplary embodiment are funnel-shaped with a course tapering from a larger cross section to the line cross section, so that all the individual bristles 4 of a respective bristle tuft 5 can be sucked in and transported in tufts with a correspondingly high degree of security.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind ferner die Austritte oder Mündungen 11 der Leitungen 10 miteinander verbunden und dabei an einer Mündungsplatte 20 fixiert. Falls die Zuordnung der einzelnen Mündungen 11 zur Änderung eines Borstenbildes geändert werden sollen, kann eventuell die Mündungsplatte 20 ausgetauscht werden.In the exemplary embodiment, the outlets or orifices 11 of the lines 10 are also connected to one another and are thereby fixed to an orifice plate 20. If the assignment of the individual orifices 11 to change a bristle pattern is to be changed, the orifice plate 20 can possibly be exchanged.

In den Fig. 1,4,5,6,14 u.15 erkennt man deutlich, daß die Lochungen 6 zur Aufnahme der Borstenbüschel 5 in der Form 7 Sacklöcher sind, deren Böden 21 oder innere Stirnseiten eine Negativform oder -kontur zur Formung der freien Enden der jeweiligen Borstenbüschel 5 haben und beispielsweise als Hohlkegel oder -spitze, Hohl-Halbkugel (Fig. 6), Abschrägung, Ebene (mittlere Borstenbüschel der Fig. 5) oder eine Kombination dieser Hohlformen ausgebildet sein können. Beim Einsaugen der Borstenbüschel 5 werden also gleichzeitig die freien Arbeitsenden dieser Borstenbüschel in eine jeweils gewünschte Form gebracht, ohne daß es eines nachträglichen Beschneidens oder Formens dieser Arbeitsenden der Borstenbüschel 5 bedarf, so daß die Einzelborsten schon vorher abgerundet sein können.1, 4, 5, 6, 14 and 15 it can be clearly seen that the perforations 6 for receiving the tufts of bristles 5 in the shape 7 are blind holes, the bottoms 21 or inner end faces of which have a negative shape or contour for forming the have free ends of the respective bristle tufts 5 and, for example, as Hollow cone or tip, hollow hemisphere (Fig. 6), bevel, plane (middle bristle tufts of Fig. 5) or a combination of these hollow shapes can be formed. When sucking in the bristle tufts 5, the free working ends of these bristle tufts are simultaneously brought into a desired shape without the need for subsequent trimming or shaping of these working ends of the bristle tufts 5, so that the individual bristles can be rounded off beforehand.

Von allen Bohrungen oder Lochungen 6 der Form 7 können jeweils oberhalb von deren Böden 21 Saugkanäle seitlich, ggf. rechtwinklig abgehen und diese Kanäle können zu dem Sauganschluß 9 führen oder zusammengefaßt sein.From all bores or perforations 6 of the shape 7, suction channels can branch off laterally, possibly at right angles, above their bottoms, and these channels can lead to the suction connection 9 or be combined.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig.1,14 u.15 ist jedoch eine andere Lösung dargestellt, bei welcher die Böden 21 der Lochungen 6 in der Form 7 in einem porösen Einsatz 22, z.B.einem Sinter- oder Keramikeinsatz, vorgesehen sind, unter welchem eine mit dem Vakuumanschluß 9 versehene. Kammer 23 vorgesehen ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Saugstrom bis zu den innersten Enden der Lochungen 6 in Längsrichtung der einzuführenden und einzusaugenden Borsten 4 gerichtet sein.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 14 and 15, however, another solution is shown, in which the bottoms 21 of the perforations 6 in the mold 7 are provided in a porous insert 22, for example a sintered or ceramic insert, one of which is provided with the vacuum connection 9 provided. Chamber 23 is provided. In this way, the suction flow can be directed up to the innermost ends of the perforations 6 in the longitudinal direction of the bristles 4 to be inserted and sucked in.

In den Fig. 10 bis 12 ist dargestellt, daß zweckmäßigerweise die einzelnen Borsten 4 eines Borstenbüschels 5 z.B. zwei verschiedene Längen haben können, um einen besseren Reinigungseffekt zu erzielen. Dies kann in nicht näher in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Weise dadurch erreicht werden daß die Böden 21 der Lochungen 6 der Form 7 geriffelt oder profiliert oder aufgerauht sind, wobei einzelne Borsten 4 jeweils zwischen die dabei gebildeten Erhöhungen und andere auf diese Erhöhungen passen, so daß die Einzelborsten 4 eines Borstenbüschels 5 an dessen freiem Arbeitsende die vor allem in Fig. 12 deutlich erkennbaren geringfügig unterschiedlichen Längen erhalten.10 to 12 show that the individual bristles 4 of a bristle tuft 5 can expediently have, for example, two different lengths in order to achieve a better cleaning effect. This can be achieved in a manner not shown in the drawings in that the bottoms 21 of the perforations 6 of the shape 7 are corrugated or profiled or roughened, individual bristles 4 each fitting between the elevations formed and others on these elevations, so that the Individual bristles 4 of a tuft of bristles 5 at its free working end receive the slightly different lengths, which can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 12.

Ebenfalls nicht näher ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt, daß die Böden 21 der einzelnen Lochungen 6 von der Stirnseite von in den Lochungen 6 jeweils verschiebbaren Stempeln gebildet sein können, die beim Füllen tiefer als beim Verschmelzen der Borsten 4 angeordnet sind und in eine der exakten Büschellänge entsprechende Höhe, ggf. über die von den Lochungen 6 abgehenden Saugkanäle, anhebbar sind. Dadurch wird die gewünschte entgültige Länge der einzelnen Borsten und Borstenbüschel mit großer Sicherheit erreicht auch dann, wenn z.B. beim Einsaugen eines Borstenbüschels die eine oder andere Borste innerhalb der Lochung 6 gegenüber den anderen etwas zurückbleibt, was vor allem nicht ganz auszuschließen ist, wenn die Saugkanäle seitlich von den Lochungen abgehen.Also not shown in the drawing is that the bottoms 21 of the individual perforations 6 can be formed from the end face of stamps which can be displaced in the perforations 6 and which are arranged deeper when filling than when the bristles 4 are fused and in one of the exact tuft lengths appropriate height, if necessary, can be raised via the suction channels leading from the perforations 6. As a result, the desired final length of the individual bristles and tufts of bristles is achieved with great certainty even if, for example, when a tuft of bristles is sucked in, one or the other bristle within the perforation 6 remains somewhat behind the other, which above all cannot be completely ruled out if the suction channels branch off laterally from the perforations.

Es sei erwähnt, daß mehr Zuführleitungen 10 für Borstenbüschel 5 an der Vorrichtung 1 vorgesehen sein können, als eine einzelne Form 7 Lochungen 6 hat, so daß gleichzeitig mehrere ein Borstenfeld bildende Formen 7 beschickt werden können, wodurch die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit bei der Herstellung von Borstenfeldern 2 und/oder Bürsten 3 erheblich gesteigert werden kann.It should be mentioned that more feed lines 10 for bristle tufts 5 can be provided on the device 1 than a single mold 7 has perforations 6, so that a plurality of molds 7 forming a bristle field can be loaded at the same time, thereby increasing the production speed in the production of bristle fields 2 and / or brushes 3 can be increased significantly.

In Fig. 2 ist angedeutet, daß der Schieber 17 zum Vereinzeln der Borstenbüschel 5 beim Entnehmen der Borsten 4 aus dem Borstenmagazin 15 unterschiedliche Ausnehmungen oder Aussparungen 18 zur Bildung unterschiedlicher Borstenbüschel 5 und insbesondere zur Bildung von Borstenbüscheln 5 unterschiedlicher Dicke und/oder Querschnittsform aufweisen kann. In Fig. 3 erkennt man, daß Borstenfelder und Borstenbilder denkbar sind, bei denen einerseits runde, andererseits quadratische und auch längliche Querschnitte von Borstenbüscheln 5 vorgesehen sind, wobei außerdem die Querschnittsgrößen verschieden sein können. Dem kann durch entsprechende Querschnittsflächen an den Ausnehmungen 18 Rechnung getragen werden. Die Formung der Querschnittskontur des einzelnen Borstenbüschels kann dann in der Form 7 und/oder der Halteplatte 14 erfolgen.In Fig. 2 it is indicated that the slider 17 for separating the bristle tufts 5 when removing the bristles 4 from the bristle magazine 15 can have different recesses or recesses 18 for forming different bristle tufts 5 and in particular for forming bristle tufts 5 of different thickness and / or cross-sectional shape . In Fig. 3 it can be seen that bristle fields and bristle patterns are conceivable, in which on the one hand round, on the other hand square and also elongated cross sections of bristle tufts 5 are provided, the cross-sectional sizes also being able to be different. This can be taken into account by corresponding cross-sectional areas on the recesses 18. The shaping of the cross-sectional contour of the individual Tufts of bristles can then take place in the form 7 and / or the holding plate 14.

Da die Vorrichtung 1 im Ausführungsbeispiel 2 einander gegenüberliegende Borstenmagazine 15 aufweist und der quer zu ihnen und den darin befindlichen Borsten 4 befindliche und verschiebbare Schieber 17 an seinen beiden Längsseiten Ausnehmungen 18 zum Vereinzeln von Borstenbüscheln 5 hat, können bei der Herstellung der Borstenfelder 2 und/oder der Bürsten 3 auch Borsten unterschiedlicher Dicke, Qualität, Biegsamkeit und/oder Farbe kombiniert werden. Auch das Zuordnungsverhältnis solcher unterschiedlicher Borstenbüschel zueinander kann dabei durch unterschiedliche Anzahlen von Ausnehmungen 18 an dem Entnahmeschieber 17 vorgewählt sein.Since the device 1 in the exemplary embodiment 2 has bristle magazines 15 lying opposite one another and the displaceable slide 17 located transversely to them and the bristles 4 located therein has recesses 18 on both longitudinal sides for separating bristle tufts 5, the bristle fields 2 and / or the brushes 3 can also be combined with bristles of different thickness, quality, flexibility and / or color. The assignment ratio of such different bristle tufts to one another can also be preselected by different numbers of recesses 18 on the removal slide 17.

Selbstverständlich können auch mehrere Borstenmagazine 15 oder Paare solcher Magazine 15 und zugehörige Entnahmeschieber 17 zu den Eintrittsköpfen 13 der Saugführungen 10 vorgesehen sein, um eine noch höhere Produktionsrate und eventuell die Beschickung von noch mehr Formen 7 gleichzeitig zu erlauben.Of course, several bristle magazines 15 or pairs of such magazines 15 and associated removal slides 17 can also be provided for the inlet heads 13 of the suction guides 10 in order to allow an even higher production rate and possibly the loading of even more molds 7 at the same time.

Es sei an dieser Stelle erwähnt, daß die Zuführleitungen 10 für die Borstenbüschel 5 von dem Schieber 17 zu den Formen 7 etwa 1 mm - 10 mm Durchmesser, z.B. ungefähr 2 mm oder 5 mm Innendurchmesser haben können, je nachdem, wie dick die einzelnen Borstenbüschel 5 sind. Die Länge der Zuführleitungen 10 kann etwa 1 m - 10 m, beispielsweise etwa 5 m betragen, wie Versuche gezeigt haben, ohne daß einzelne der angesaugten Borsten in der Leitung 10 zurückbleiben. Somit kann eine für den Produktionsablauf optimale Zuordnung der Borstenmagazine 15 zu den Formen 7 gewählt werden.It should be mentioned at this point that the feed lines 10 for the bristle tufts 5 from the slide 17 to the molds 7 are about 1 mm - 10 mm in diameter, e.g. can have approximately 2 mm or 5 mm inner diameter, depending on how thick the individual bristle tufts 5 are. The length of the feed lines 10 can be approximately 1 m - 10 m, for example approximately 5 m, as tests have shown without individual bristles being sucked in remaining in the line 10. An optimal assignment of the bristle magazines 15 to the molds 7 can thus be selected for the production process.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung 1 erkennt man in Fig. 4. Demgemäß sind die Formen 7 auf einem Förder- oder Kettenband 24 od. dgl. Vorschubmittel angeordnet, über dessen Obertrum in Vorschubrichtung gemäß dem Pfeil Pf 2 hintereinander die Mündung 11 der Zuleitungen 10, daneben eine Heiz- oder Schmelzstation 25 zum Verschmelzen der Borstenenden und ggf. wiederum in Vorschubrichtung daneben eine Zuführvorrichtung für Bürstenkörper 26 und/oder eine Ultraschweißanlage 27 oder Klebevorrichtung angeordnet sind. Am Untertrum des Bandes 24 erkennt man die Auswurfstation 28 für die fertigen Bürsten 3.A further expedient embodiment of the device 1 can be seen in FIG. 4. Accordingly, the molds 7 are arranged on a conveyor or chain belt 24 or the like. Above the upper run in the feed direction according to the arrow Pf 2, the mouth 11 of the feed lines 10, a heating or melting station 25 for fusing the bristle ends and optionally again in the feed direction, a feed device for brush bodies 26 and / or an ultrasonic welding system 27 or adhesive device are arranged are. The ejection station 28 for the finished brushes 3 can be seen on the lower run of the belt 24.

Wie schon erwähnt, ist beim Füllen der Form 7 zwischen dieser und der Mündung 11 der Leitungen 10 gemäß Fig. 1 eine Halte- und Einführplatte 14 für die Borsten 4 angeordnet, die Durchtrittlochungen 6a in der Anordnung aufweist, in welcher die Borstenbüschel 5 zu einem Borstenfeld zusammengefaßt werden und aus der die in die Form eingesetzten Borsten 4 beim Verschmelzen mit ihren Enden 8 vorstehen. Diese auf die Form 7 auflegbare Halteplatte 14 kann dabei aus dem Werkstoff bestehen, aus dem auch der Bürstenkörper 26 besteht, so daß das Verschweißen oder Verkleben mit dem Bürstenkörper 26, welches in Fig. 8 noch bevorsteht und in Fig. 10 bereits durchgeführt ist, einfacher und dauerhafter möglich ist.As already mentioned, when the mold 7 is filled between this and the mouth 11 of the lines 10 according to FIG. 1, a holding and insertion plate 14 for the bristles 4 is arranged, which has through holes 6a in the arrangement in which the bristle tufts 5 form one Bristle field are summarized and from which the bristles 4 inserted into the mold protrude with their ends 8 when fused. This holding plate 14, which can be placed on the mold 7, can consist of the material from which the brush body 26 is also made, so that the welding or gluing to the brush body 26, which is still pending in FIG. 8 and has already been carried out in FIG. 10, easier and more permanent is possible.

Dabei erkennt man in Fig. 4, daß vor der Station zum Ein-füllen der Borsten 4 in die Form 7 noch eine Arbeitsstation 29 angeordnet ist, in der die Halteplatten 14 zugeführt und auf die Form 7 aufgelegt werden.4 that a work station 29 is arranged in front of the station for filling the bristles 4 into the mold 7, in which the holding plates 14 are fed and placed on the mold 7.

In Fig. 8 ist dabei noch angedeutet, daß diese Halteplatte 14 einen zweckmäßigerweise umlaufenden Dichtungsflansch 30 haben kann, der die Fuge zwischen der Platte 14 und der Einsenkung 31 des Bürstenkörpers 26 nach dem Verbinden abdeckt und so die Lebensdauer der Bürste vor allem bei ihrer Verwendung als Zahnbürste weiter verlängert, weil ein Eindringen von Reinigungsmittel u. dgl. in diesem Bereich dadurch noch wirkungsvoller verhindert wird.In Fig. 8 it is also indicated that this holding plate 14 may have a suitably circumferential sealing flange 30 which covers the joint between the plate 14 and the depression 31 of the brush body 26 after connection and so the life of the brush especially when used further extended as a toothbrush because penetration of cleaning agents and the like. The like is prevented even more effectively in this area.

In Fig. 1, 6, 14 und 15 erkennt man, daß die Lochungen 6a in der Halteplatte 14 auf der den Arbeitsenden der Borsten 4 ab-gewandten Oberseite Einsenkungen 6b haben, sich also zu dieser Oberseite hin erweitern. In diesen Erweiterungen oder Einsenkungen 6b der Lochungen 6a befinden sich nach dem Verschmelzen gemäß Fig. 6 die verschmolzenen Enden 8 der Borsten 4 der einzelnen Borstenbüschel, wobei in Fig. 6 außerdem angedeutet ist, daß diese Einsenkungen 6b unterhalb der Plattenoberfläche mit den einander zugewandten Rändern ineinander übergehen können, so daß also die verschmolzenen Borstenenden entsprechend Fig. 7 teilweise auch jeweils mit denen der Nachbarbüschel verbunden und verschmolzen werden können. In den Figuren 6 und auch 10 erkennt man, daß die zwischen benachbarten Lochungen 6a verbleibenden Stege der Halteplatte 14 eine geringere Höhe haben, als es der ge-samten Plattendicke entspricht. An diesen Stellen der verminderten Steghöhe können also nicht nur die Borsten 4 eines Borstenbüschels 5 untereinander, sondern auch die einander benachbarten Borstenbüschel 5 miteinander verschmolzen werden, wie es in den Figuren 6 und 10 angedeutet ist. Somit sind bei dieser Lösung die einzelnen Borstenbüschel schon gut gegen eine Verschwenkung gesichert, so daß nur noch die einzelnen Borsten 4 aufgrund ihrer Elastizität ausgebogen werden können.1, 6, 14 and 15 it can be seen that the perforations 6a in the holding plate 14 have depressions 6b on the upper side facing away from the working ends of the bristles 4, that is to say they widen towards this upper side. 6, the fused ends 8 of the bristles 4 of the individual tufts of bristles are located in these extensions or depressions 6b of the perforations 6a, whereby it is also indicated in FIG. 6 that these depressions 6b below the plate surface with the mutually facing edges 7 can merge, so that the fused bristle ends according to FIG. 7 can also be partially connected to those of the neighboring tufts and fused. In FIGS. 6 and 10 it can be seen that the webs of the holding plate 14 remaining between adjacent perforations 6a have a lower height than the total plate thickness. At these points of the reduced web height, not only the bristles 4 of a tuft of bristles 5 can be fused together, but also the bristle tufts 5 adjacent to one another, as is indicated in FIGS. 6 and 10. Thus, in this solution, the individual tufts of bristles are already well secured against pivoting, so that only the individual bristles 4 can be bent out due to their elasticity.

Wird dabei gleichzeitig nach dem Anschmelzen der Enden 8 der Borsten 4 die noch weiche oder teigige Schmelze unter den unterdruck gesetzt, der auch zum Fördern der Borsten 4 in die Form 7 dient, kann diese Schmelze teilweise in innerhalb der Halteplatte 14 befindliche Zwischenräume zwischen den Borsten gesaugt und somit die Festigkeit der Verankerung weiter verbessert werden.If at the same time after melting the ends 8 of the bristles 4, the still soft or pasty melt is placed under the negative pressure which also serves to convey the bristles 4 into the mold 7, this melt can partially be located in the holding plate 14 between the bristles sucked and thus the strength of the anchor can be further improved.

In Fig. 14 und 15 ist dabei noch angedeutet, daß auf der Seite der Halteplatte 14, auf der die zu verschmelzenden Borsten 4 mit ihren Enden 8 überstehen, zwischen den Lochungen 6a Erhöhungen, Vorsprünge, Noppen 33 oder dergleichen aus schmelzbarem Werkstoff vorstehen können, die gleichzeitig mit dem Verschmelzen der Borsten ebenfalls geschmolzen und mit diesen verschmolzen werden können, so daß die Verbindung mit der Halteplatte 14 noch besser und inniger wird. Dies gilt sowohl dann, wenn die Halteplatte 14 aus demselben Werkstoff wie die Borsten 4 besteht, als auch wenn dazu ein anderer Werkstoff vorgesehen ist, der sich dennoch mit dem Borstenwerkstoff ganz oder teilweise vermischen kann und insgesamt eine stabile Verankerung der Borsten 4 bewirkt.14 and 15 it is also indicated that on the side of the holding plate 14 on which the to be fused Bristles 4 protrude with their ends 8, protrusions, projections, knobs 33 or the like made of fusible material between the perforations 6a, which can also be melted and fused together with the fusing of the bristles, so that the connection to the holding plate 14 becomes even better and more intimate. This applies both when the holding plate 14 is made of the same material as the bristles 4, as well as when a different material is provided, which nevertheless can wholly or partially mix with the bristle material and, overall, brings about a stable anchoring of the bristles 4.

Falls solche zusätzlichen Noppen 33 mitverschmolzen werden, können die in Fig. 7 zwischen den verschmolzenen Bereichen erkennbaren Zwischenräume ebenfalls noch mit geschmolzener und wieder erstarrter Kunststoffmasse ausgefüllt werden.If such additional knobs 33 are also fused, the gaps that can be seen in FIG. 7 between the fused regions can also be filled with melted and solidified plastic compound.

Fig. 9 zeigt, daß die Halteplatte 14 auch unmittelbar selbst der Bürstenkörper sein kann, in welchen die Borstenbüschel 5 eingefügt und an welchem sie verschmolzen sind, wobei es dann zweckmäßig ist, die mit dieser Verschmelzung versehene Seite mit einer Abdeckplatte 32 abzuschließen insbesondere dann, wenn jeweils nur die Borsten 4 der Borstenbüschel 5 miteinander und nicht mit den Nachbarbüscheln verschmolzen sind, wie es Fig. 5 zeigt.9 shows that the holding plate 14 can also be the brush body itself, into which the bristle tufts 5 are inserted and on which they are fused, it then being expedient to close off the side provided with this fusing with a cover plate 32, in particular then, if only the bristles 4 of the bristle tufts 5 are fused to one another and not to the neighboring tufts, as shown in FIG. 5.

Mit der vorbeschriebenen Vorrichtung 1 können Bürsten 3 oder Borstenfelder 2 hergestellt werden, wobei Borstenbündel oder -büschel 5 in die Lochungen 6 der Formen 7 eingefüllt und dann an den den späteren freien Arbeitsenden der aus Kunststoff bestehenden Borsten 4 abgewandten Enden 8 in der in Fig. 5 oder 6 erkennbaren Weise verschmolzen werden, wobei Fig. 5 eine Verschmelzung jeweils nur an den einzelnen Büscheln 5, Fig. 6 und 7 aber eine Verschmelzung jeweils auch mit den Nachbarbüscheln zeigt. Dabei wird derartig verfahren, daß zunächst die Borstenbüschel 5 aus Einzelborsten 4 gebildet werden, indem ein Borstenvorrat zu Borstenbüscheln 5 vereinzelt wird, daß dann die Borsten 4 büschelweise angesaugt, der Form 7 zugeführt und in die Lochungen 6 der Form 7 eingesaugt und anschließend verschmolzen werden. Dabei kann das Zuführen und Einfüllen in die Form in einer Arbeitsstation, das anschließende Verschmelzen in einer Nachbar-Arbeitsstation erfolgen, so daß während des Verschmelzens der Borsten bereits wieder ein Füllvorgang bei einer nächsten Form 7 durchgeführt werden kann.With the device 1 described above, brushes 3 or bristle fields 2 can be produced, bristle bundles or tufts 5 being filled into the perforations 6 of the molds 7 and then at the ends 8 facing away from the later free working ends of the plastic bristles 4 in the in FIG. 5 or 6 can be fused in a recognizable manner, FIG. 5 showing a merger only on the individual tufts 5, FIGS. 6 and 7 but also merging with the neighboring tufts. The procedure is such that the bristle tufts 5 are first formed from individual bristles 4 by separating a supply of bristles into tufts 5, that the bristles 4 are then sucked in tufts, fed to the mold 7 and sucked into the perforations 6 of the mold 7 and then melted . The feeding and filling into the mold can take place in one work station, the subsequent melting in a neighboring work station, so that during the melting of the bristles, a filling process can already be carried out for a next mold 7.

Die Borstenbüschel 5 werden dabei gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel durch die auf die Form 7 aufgelegte, mit übereinstimmenden Lochungen 6a ausgestattete Halteplatte 14 hindurchgesaugt, wobei die zu verschmelzenden Enden 8 der Borsten 4 über die Platte 14 überstehen oder wenigstens in einen nach der Oberseite der Platte 14 hin sich erweiternden Lochungsbereich 6b (Fig. 6) ragen, und daß anschließend die Borsten 4 miteinander und gegebenenfalls mit denen der Nachbar-Borstenbüschel sowie auch mit Noppen 33 der Halteplatte 14 beschmolzen werden. Die Halteplatte 14 kann nach dem Verschmelzen der Borsten 4 mit einem Bürstenkörper 26 verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt oder verklebt werden, was wiederum nach einer Vorschubbewegung in einer weiteren Arbeitsstation stattfinden kann, während an den vorangegangenen Arbeitsstationen jeweils parallel und zeit-gleich die vorhergehenden Verfahrensschritte bei einer nachfolgenden Form durchgeführt werden können. Schließlich wird das Borstenfeld nach der Verbindung mit der Halteplatte 14 durch das Verschmelzen der Borsten oder mit den Bürstenkörper 26 aus der Form 7 ausgeworfen.According to the exemplary embodiment, the tufts of bristles 5 are sucked through the holding plate 14 placed on the mold 7 and equipped with matching perforations 6a, the ends 8 of the bristles 4 to be fused projecting beyond the plate 14 or at least into one towards the top of the plate 14 protruding perforated area 6b (Fig. 6) protrude, and that subsequently Bristles 4 are melted together and optionally with those of the neighboring tufts of bristles and also with knobs 33 of the holding plate 14. After the bristles 4 have fused, the holding plate 14 can be connected, in particular welded or glued, to a brush body 26, which in turn can take place in a further work station after a feed movement, while at the previous work stations the previous method steps in parallel at the same time subsequent form can be performed. Finally, the bristle field is ejected from the mold 7 after being connected to the holding plate 14 by fusing the bristles or with the brush body 26.

Dadurch daß dieses Verfahren und seine einzelnen Verfahrensschritte zeitgleich jeweils an verschiedenen Arbeitsstationen und dabei u.U. gleichzeitig an mehreren Formen durchgeführt werden kann und nicht mehr jedes einzelne Borstenbündel 5 in die Lochung eines Bürstenkörpers gestopft werden muß, ist eine gegenüber herkömmlichen Bürstenherstellungsverfahren erheblich erhöhte Produktionsgeschwindigkeit erreichbar. Gleichzeitig wird eine günstige Verankerung der Borsten durch die Verschmelzung und auch eine zweckmäßige Verbindung mit einem Bürstenkörper erreicht, wobei im Bedarfsfalle nicht nur Borsten 4 unterschiedlicher Hälte und Form, sondern auch unterschiedlicher Farben und mit unterschiedlicher Anordnung an ihren Arbeitsenden kombiniert werden können.Because this process and its individual process steps at the same time at different workstations and possibly Can be carried out simultaneously on several forms and no longer each individual bristle bundle 5 has to be stuffed into the perforation of a brush body, a significantly increased production speed can be achieved compared to conventional brush manufacturing processes. At the same time, a favorable anchoring of the bristles is achieved by the fusion and also an expedient connection with a brush body, it being possible, if necessary, not only to combine bristles 4 of different halves and shapes, but also of different colors and with a different arrangement at their working ends.

Zum Herstellen von Bürsten oder Borstenfeldern werden Borstenbüschel 5 aus Einzelborsten 4 gebildet und dann büschelweise in Lochungen 6 von Halbformen 7 eingefüllt und anschließend an den Halteenden 8 verschmolzen. Dies geschieht in zweckmäßiger Weise dadurch, daß einem Borstenmagazin 15 mit einem entsprechenden Borstenvorrat die Borsten 4 entnommen und dabei zu Borstenbüscheln 5 vereinzelt werden, dann diese Borsten 4 büschelweise durch einzelne ihnen zugeordnete Leitungen 10 gesaugt und der Form 7 zugeführt und dabei in die Lochungen 6 der Formen 7 eingesaugt werden. Dabei können sie gleichzeitig durch auf die Form 7 aufgelegte bzw. in eine dort vorgesehene Aussparung eingelegte Halteplatte 14 hindurchgesaugt werden, mit der sie durch den anschließenden Verschmelzungsvorgang verbunden werden, so daß die Verbindung der Borsten mit dem Bürstenkörper 26 erheblich vereinfacht ist, da eine solche Halteplatte 14 gut mit einem Bürstenkörper 26 verschweißt oder verklebt werden kann oder sogar diesen Bürstenkörper 26 selbst bilden kann.To produce brushes or bristle fields, tufts of bristles 5 are formed from individual bristles 4 and then filled in tufts 6 in holes 6 of half-molds 7 and then fused to the holding ends 8. This takes place expediently in that the bristles 4 are removed from a bristle magazine 15 with a corresponding bristle supply and are thereby separated into bristle tufts 5, then these bristles 4 are drawn in tufts by individual lines 10 assigned to them and fed to the mold 7 and are sucked into the perforations 6 of the molds 7. At the same time, they can be sucked through the holding plate 14 placed on the mold 7 or inserted into a recess provided there, with which they are connected by the subsequent fusion process, so that the connection of the bristles to the brush body 26 is considerably simplified, since such Holding plate 14 can be welded or glued to a brush body 26 or can even form this brush body 26 itself.

Es sei an dieser Stelle erwähnt, daß beim Verschmelzen nur jeweils der einzelnen Borstenbüschel in der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Weise Einzel-Borstenbündel entstehen, die statt einer Verbindung mit Hilfe der Halteplatte 14 zu einem Borstenfeld auch einfach als Bestandteil eines Pinsels bei dessen Herstellung Verwendung finden können. Somit kann die vorbeschriebene Verfahrensweise und die vorbeschriebene sowie nachfolgend noch erläuterte abgewandelte Vorrichtung auch zur Herstellung Von Borstenbündeln für Pinsel benutzt werden und dabei eine hohe Stückzahl in kurzer Zeit ermöglichenIt should be mentioned at this point that when the individual bristle tufts are fused, individual bristle tufts are formed in the manner shown in FIG. 5, which instead of being connected with the aid of the holding plate 14 to a bristle field, are simply used as part of a brush during its manufacture can find. Thus, the above-described procedure and the above-described and below-described modified device can also be used for the production of bristle bundles for brushes and thereby enable a large number of pieces in a short time

Die in Fig. 14 dargestellte Vorrichtung 1 entspricht in wesentlichen Teilen der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 und hat deshalb für die meisten Teile wie die Form 7 und die Leitungen 10 übereinstimmende Bezugszahlen. Auch die Vereinzelung der Borstenbüschel 5 geschieht in der schon vorbeschriebenen Weise. Darüber hinaus werden auch in diesem Falle die vereinzelten Borstenbüschel 5 der oder den Formen 7 mit Hilfe eines Luftstromes zugeführt, der bei der Anlegung eines Unterdruckes an die Form 7 entsteht. Dabei ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen, daß die Mündungen 11 der Leitungen 10 Verjüngungen oder Verengungen 34 mit anschließender Erweiterung 35 aufweisen, also in den Mündungen 11 jeweils eine Art Venturi-Düse angeordnet ist, innerhalb welcher der Luftstrom aufgrund dieser Querschnittsverengung beschleunigt wird. Versuche haben gezeigt, daß unter Umständen die Borstenbüschel 5 während ihres Transportes durch die Leitungen 10 etwas in die Länge gezogen werden, weil zunächst mittlere Borsten etwas schneller als die an den Leitungswandungen anliegenden Borsten befördert werden können. Dies kann durch eine erhöhte Einführgeschwindigkeit mit Hilfe der erwähnten Verengung 34 in die Lochungen 6a der Halteplatte 14 und 6 der Form 7 ausgenutzt werden, wobei diese erhöhte Einführgeschwindigkeit auch den Impuls oder die kinetische Energie der einzelnen Borsten 4 vergrößert, so daß selbst die letzten Borsten noch zwischen die schon in den Lochungen 6 befindlichen Borsten eingeführt und gewissermaßen "eingeschossen" werden können. Eine solche zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Borstenzufuhr ist gerade aufgrund der Beförderung mit Hilfe von Unterdruck möglich, während eine Beförderung mittels Preßluft an dem Eintritt in die Düsen zu erheblichen Staus durch sich etwa querstellende Borsten führen könnte.The device 1 shown in FIG. 14 corresponds in essential parts to the device according to FIG. 1 and therefore has the same reference numbers for most parts such as the mold 7 and the lines 10. The separation of the bristle tufts 5 also takes place in the manner already described. In addition, in this case, too, the individual tufts of bristles 5 are fed to the mold or molds 7 with the aid of an air flow which arises when a vacuum is applied to the mold 7. It is provided in this exemplary embodiment that the orifices 11 of the lines 10 have tapering or narrowing 34 with subsequent enlargement 35, that is to say in the orifices 11 a type of Venturi nozzle is arranged, within which the air flow is accelerated due to this narrowing of the cross section. Experiments have shown that the bristle tufts 5 may be drawn out somewhat in length during their transport through the lines 10, because initially medium bristles can be conveyed somewhat faster than the bristles lying against the line walls. This can be exploited by an increased insertion speed with the help of the mentioned constriction 34 into the perforations 6a of the holding plate 14 and 6 of the mold 7, this increased insertion speed also increasing the momentum or the kinetic energy of the individual bristles 4, so that even the last bristles can still be inserted between the bristles already in the perforations 6 and to a certain extent "shot". Such an expedient configuration of the bristle supply is possible precisely because of the conveyance with the aid of negative pressure, whereas conveyance by means of compressed air at the inlet into the nozzles could lead to considerable traffic jams caused by bristles which might be transverse.

Selbst wenn die eine oder andere der als letzte eingeführten Borsten nicht mehr ganz in die jeweilige Lochung 6 der Form 7 gelangt, sondern mit einem erheblichen Teil ihrer Länge oder gar vollständig oberhalb der Oberseite der Halteplatte 14 verbleibt, kann sie bei dem anschließenden Verschmelzungsprozeß mitverschmolzen werden und somit zur Vergrößerung der Festigkeit des gesamten hergestellten Borstenfeldes, bestehend aus Borstenbüscheln 5 und der Halteplatte 14, beitragen.Even if one or the other of the bristles introduced as the last one no longer gets completely into the respective perforation 6 of the mold 7, but remains with a considerable part of its length or even completely above the upper side of the holding plate 14, it can also be fused together in the subsequent fusion process and thus contribute to increasing the strength of the entire bristle field produced, consisting of bristle tufts 5 and the holding plate 14.

Bei der in Fig. 15 erkennbaren Vorrichtung 1 ist wiederum die Form 7 mit ihren Lochungen 6 und der auflegbaren Halteplatte 14 mit hochstehenden Noppen 33 vorgesehen, jedoch werden die Borsten bzw. die Borstenbüschel 5 auf andere Weise zugeführt. Dazu ist eine im ganzen mit 37 bezeichnete Zuführeinrichtung zum Erfassen und Transportieren der Borstenbüschel 5 jeweils zu den Lochungen 6 der Form 7 hin vorgesehen, die einen die Borstenbüschel 5 einzeln haltenden Schieber - in diesem Falle den auch bei den vorhergehenden Vorrichtungen schon beschriebenen Entnahmeschieber 17 - und eine mit Durchtritten versehene Zuführplatte 38 aufweist. Auf dieser Zuführplatte 38 sind die Borstenbüschel 5 mittels des Schiebers 17 quer zu ihrer Orientierungsrichtung verschiebbar. Die Zuführplatte 38 hat Durchtritte 39, die in Flucht mit den Lochungen 6 der Form 7 angeordnet sind oder Vor dem Vereinzeln und Zuführen der Borstenbüschel in Flucht mit diesen gebracht werden können.In the device 1 which can be seen in FIG. 15, the shape 7 is again provided with its perforations 6 and the holding plate 14 which can be placed on it with raised knobs 33, but the bristles or the bristle tufts 5 are supplied in a different way. For this purpose, a supply device, generally designated 37, for grasping and transporting the bristle tufts 5 to the perforations 6 of the mold 7 is provided, which has a slide holding the bristle tufts 5 individually - in this case, also in the case of the preceding devices described removal slide 17 - and has a feed plate 38 provided with passages. The bristle tufts 5 can be displaced transversely to their orientation direction on this feed plate 38 by means of the slide 17. The feed plate 38 has passages 39 which are arranged in alignment with the perforations 6 of the mold 7 or can be brought into alignment with the bristle tufts prior to separation and feeding.

Es können also bei dieser Ausführungsform in vorteilhafter Weise mit Hilfe des Entnahmeschiebers 17 die Borstenbüschel 5 nicht nur gebildet und vereinzelt, sondern auch praktisch unmittelbar der Form 7 zugeführt werden.In this embodiment, the bristle tufts 5 can thus not only be formed and isolated in an advantageous manner with the aid of the removal slide 17, but can also be supplied practically directly to the mold 7.

Dabei erkennt man in Fig. 15 ferner, daß die Form 7 auch wiederum einen Unterdruckanschluß 9 unterhalb eines porösen, die Enden der Lochungen 6 enthaltenden Einsatzes 22 aufweist, so daß also auch in diesem Falle durch Anlegen eines Unterdruckes ein Luftstrom erzeugt werden kann, der das Einbringen der Borsten 4 in die Lochungen 6 der Form 7 bewirkt oder zumindest unterstützt, da in der dargestellten Anordnung - wie bei den vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen - zusätzlich die Schwerkraft wirksam ist.15 that the mold 7 also has a vacuum connection 9 below a porous insert 22 containing the ends of the perforations 6, so that an air flow can also be generated in this case by applying a vacuum the introduction of the bristles 4 into the perforations 6 of the mold 7 brings about or at least supports them, since in the arrangement shown - as in the exemplary embodiments described above - gravity is additionally effective.

Während die Vorrichtungen gemäß den Figuren 1, 4 und 14 einen großen Abstand zwischen Borstenvorrat und Form überbrücken können, erlaubt die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 15 eine Bauweise mit geringem Platzbedarf.While the devices according to FIGS. 1, 4 and 14 can bridge a large distance between the bristle supply and the mold, the device according to FIG. 15 allows a construction with a small space requirement.

Es sei noch erwähnt, daß die Borstenbüschel 5 eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von einzelnen Borsten 4 enthalten können und daß dabei im Extremfall auch nur eine einzige Borste 4 vorgesehen und in der vorbeschriebenen Weise in die Form und durch eine Halteplatte 14 befördert werden kann. Gerade dabei kann die Verengung 34 gemäß Fig. 14 zweckmäßig sein, um solche wenigen oder eine einzelne Borste 4 zu beschleunigen, aber auch - wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 14 selbst - zentral in die jeweilige Lochung 6 einzuführen.It should also be mentioned that the bristle tufts 5 can contain a different number of individual bristles 4 and that in extreme cases only a single bristle 4 can be provided and can be conveyed into the mold and through a holding plate 14 in the manner described above. It is precisely here that the constriction 34 according to FIG. 14 be expedient in order to accelerate such a few or a single bristle 4, but also - as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 14 itself - to be inserted centrally into the respective perforation 6.

Das Einführen jeweils nur einer einzigen Borste 4 in eine Lochung 6 der Form 7 ist vor allem dann günstig, wenn relativ dicke Borsten, gegebenenfalls mit kugelig verdickten Arbeitsenden an einer Bürste gewünscht werden, bei der z.B. ein Massageeffekt im Vordergrund stehen kann. Auch eine solche Einzelborste kann an ihrem Ende durch Verschmelzen verdickt und mit der Halteplatte 14 verbunden werden.The insertion of only a single bristle 4 into a perforation 6 of the shape 7 is particularly advantageous if relatively thick bristles, optionally with spherically thickened working ends on a brush are desired, in which e.g. a massage effect can be in the foreground. Such an individual bristle can also be thickened at its end by fusing and connected to the holding plate 14.

Auch dabei ist ein Verschmelzen mit der Halteplatte 14, sei es daß sie aus demselben Werkstoff, sei es daß sie aus anderem Werkstoff wie die Borsten 4 besteht, mit Hilfe von Noppen 33 an der Halteplatte 14 zweckmäßig, um, wie in den vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen, eine unlösbare Verbindung zwischen den Borsten und der Halteplatte 14 herzustellen.Merging with the holding plate 14, be it that it is made of the same material or that it is made of a different material from the bristles 4, is also expedient with the aid of knobs 33 on the holding plate 14, in order to, as in the exemplary embodiments described above, to establish a permanent connection between the bristles and the holding plate 14.

In Fig. 16 ist bezüglich des Entnahmeschiebers 17 eine gegenüber Fig. 2 abgewandelte Ausführungsform dargestellt, wobei jedoch übereinstimmende Teile selbst bei geänderter äußerer Gestaltung übereinstimmende Bezugszahlen haben. Dabei ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Entnahmeschieber 17 drehbar, d.h. er kann beim Entnehmen der Borsten 4 aus dem oder den Borstenmagazinen 15 und beim Befördern zu den Einführöffnungen 12 oder den Durchtritten 39 sowie von dort wieder zu dem jeweiligen Borstenmagazin in einer gleichbleibenden Drehrichtung Pf4 verdreht werden und also nur mit einer Drehrichtung umlaufen. Somit entfällt der bei dem hin- und herbewegbaren Schieber 17 gemäß Fig. 2 erforderliche Leerhub, durch welchen der Schieber 17 mit seinen Aussparungen 18 wieder zu dem Borstenmagazin 15 zurückbewegt werden muß. Aufgrund dieser kontinuierlichen Bewegungsrichtung und Arbeitsweise sowie der Vermeidung eines Zeitverlustes durch einen solchen Leerhub kann die Beschickung mit Borsten und damit der gesamte Arbeitsablauf ganz erheblich beschleunigt werden.FIG. 16 shows an embodiment modified with respect to FIG. 2 with respect to the removal slide 17, but the same parts have the same reference numbers even when the external design is changed. In this embodiment, the removal slide 17 is rotatable, ie it can be rotated in a constant direction of rotation Pf4 when the bristles 4 are removed from the bristle magazine (s) 15 and conveyed to the insertion openings 12 or the passages 39 and from there to the respective bristle magazine and thus only rotate in one direction. Thus, the idle stroke required in the reciprocable slide 17 according to FIG. 2, by means of which the slide 17 with its recesses 18 has to be moved back to the bristle magazine 15, is eliminated. Because of this continuous direction of movement and working method as well as the avoidance of loss of time due to such an idle stroke, the loading with bristles and thus the entire work process can be accelerated considerably.

Nach einer Teilumdrehung zwischen den jeweiligen Entnahmepositionen von z.B. 90° kann eine Halteposition für die Übergabe der Borsten 4 vorgesehen sein. Man erkennt in Fig. 16, daß die als Entnahmeschieber 17 dienende Drehscheibe von zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Borstenmagazinen 15 beaufschlagt ist, aber an vier Stellen randoffene Aussparungen 18 für die Borsten 4 hat, so daß immer einerseits solche Aussparungen 18 im Bereich der Borstenmagazine 15 und andererseits im Bereich der Übergabe zu den Formen hin angeordnet sind. Wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 werden dabei die randoffenen Aussparungen 18 über einen Teil des Drehweges durch seitliche Führungen 18a geschlossen gehalten, um die Borsten festzulegen.After a partial revolution between the respective removal positions of e.g. A stop position for the transfer of the bristles 4 can be provided at 90 °. It can be seen in FIG. 16 that the turntable serving as removal slide 17 is acted upon by two bristle magazines 15 lying opposite one another, but has recesses 18 for the bristles 4 which are open at four points, so that such recesses 18 always exist in the area of the bristle magazines 15 and on the other hand are arranged in the area of the transfer to the molds. As in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the open edges 18 are kept closed over part of the rotational path by lateral guides 18a in order to fix the bristles.

Der drehbare Entnahmeschieber 17 ist dabei eine Drehscheibe mit kreisförmigen Umfang und zentraler Drehachse und die Ausnehmungen 18 sind randoffen am Umfang dieser Drehscheibe angeordnet. Wie erwähnt, können dabei zwei, gegebenenfalls aber auch z.B. vier oder bei entsprechend großem Umfang der Drehscheibe noch mehr Borstenmagazine 15 entlang dem Umfang der Drehscheibe mit Abstand zueinander angeordnet sein, wobei lediglich zwischen diesen Borstenmagazinen 15 jeweils genügend Platz für die Halteposition und die Übergabestelle zu den Einführöffnungen 12 oder Durchtritten 39 , die jeweils zu der Form 7 führen, vorhanden sein muß. Auch dabei können die randoffenen Ausnehmungen 18 unterschiedliche Konturen und Querschnitte haben, um unterschiedliche Borstenbüschel zu bilden.The rotatable removal slide 17 is a turntable with a circular circumference and a central axis of rotation and the recesses 18 are arranged open on the periphery of this turntable. As mentioned, two, but possibly also e.g. four or with a correspondingly large circumference of the turntable, even more bristle magazines 15 can be arranged at a distance from one another along the circumference of the turntable, only enough space between the bristle magazines 15 for the holding position and the transfer point to the insertion openings 12 or passages 39, each of which Form 7, must be present. Here, too, the open-edged recesses 18 can have different contours and cross sections in order to form different tufts of bristles.

Claims (33)

  1. A method of forming zones or arrays of bristles for brushes or bundles of bristles for Paint brushes, wherein tufts of bristles are filled into holes (6) of forms (7), first the tufts (5) being composed from individual bristles (4) by separating a stock of bristles into tufts (5) thereof, after which the bristles (4) are fed, in tufts, to the form (7) with the aid of in air current and are inserted in the holes (6) of the form (7).
    characterized in that the air current for conveying the tufts (5) of bristles is produced by vacuum and that the bristle-ends (8) remote from the subsequent free operative ends are fused after being introduced into the holes (6) of the form (7).
  2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bristles (4) are introduced into the form (7) in an orientation in which they are approximately vertical.
  3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the tufts (5) of bristles are sucked through a holding plate (14) which is placed on the form (7) and is furnished with registering holes (6a), after which the bristle-ends (8) to be fused protrude above the plate (14) or at least project into an area of the holes which widens towards the upper side of the plate (14), and that subsequently said bristles (4) are fused together, and/or to the plate, or to projections standing out from the plate in the same direction as the protruding ends (8) of the bristles (4), and possibly to the ends (8) of neighbouring tufts of bristles.
  4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after the ends (8) of the bristles (4) have begun to melt, the still soft or pasty melt is placed under pressure, particularly vacuum, and by this means at least part of the melt is pressed or sucked into spaces within the holding plate (14) so as to penetrate between the bristles and/or between the bristles and the holding plate (14).
  5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that after the bristles (4) have been fused, the holding plate can be connected to a brush body (26), in particular welded, high-frequency welded, secured by adhesive, durably interlocked or screwed together.
  6. An apparatus (1) for forming zones or arrays (2) of bristles for brushes or bundles of bristles for paint brushes, wherein the ends (8) of individual bristles (4) of a tuft (5) thereof of synthetic material are fused together and/or are fused to those of a neighbouring tuft, including a form (7) furnished with holes (6) into which tufts (5) fit one to each hole, wherein feeding conduits (10) to the form (7) are provided and one conduit (10) leads to each hole (6) to be filled, means for producing an air current to the form (7) being connectable to said conduits, characteri zed in that the outlets (11) of the conduits (10) and the form (7) are movable relative to one another and that the form (7) has a connection for applying vacuum to the individual holes (6).
  7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that at the bristle-receiving end (12) of the conduits (10) the latter are at a distance from one another or are adjustable to that distance at which the tufts (5) are placed in readiness before being introduced into the form (7), and in the position of use the outlets (11) of the conduits (10) are provided in, or are adjustable to, the spacing and arrangement corresponding to the arrangement of holes in the form (7) and/or in a holding plate.
  8. An apparatus as claimed particularly in claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that at least one magazine (15) of bristles is provided in which the bristles (4) are urged against a traversable and/or rotatable transfer slide (17), and that the transfer slide (17) traversable at right angles to the location (16) for extracting bristles has recesses or pockets (18) to compose the tufts (5) of bristles, said recesses or pockets being open, in spaced relationship to one another, and facing the stock of bristles, and said transfer slide being traversable or rotatable with its area presenting said recesses (18) so as to move from the magazine (15) up to and underneath the openings (12) of the conduits (10).
  9. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that hoses and/or tubes are provided as the conduits (10) and are flexible particularly in the area of the bristle-receiving end (12) and/or outlet (11) for adjustability of said areas.
  10. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the bristle-receiving ends (12) of the conduits (10) are joined in a head or are attached to a head, and the bristle-receiving openings (19) into the conduits (10) are funnel-shaped, tapering from a larger cross section to the cross section of the conduits.
  11. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the outlets (11) of the conduits (10) are interconnected, preferably fixed to a possibly exchangeable plate (20).
  12. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the outlets (11) of the conduits (10) have tapers or narrowings (34) - preferably in the nature of a venturi nozzle - with adjoining enlargement (33).
  13. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the holes (6) for receiving the tufts (5) in the form (7) are blind holes, the bottom surfaces (21) or inside end faces of which have a negative shape or contour for shaping the ends of the respective tufts (5) and, for example, take the form of a hollow cone or tip, hollow hemisphere, slant, plane or a combination of these hollow shapes.
  14. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that a suction channel departs laterally, possibly at right angles, in each case from above the bottom surfaces (21) of all the bores or holes (6) in the form (7) and said channels lead to the connection to a source of suction and are collected.
  15. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the bottom surfaces (21) of the holes (6) in the form (7) are provided in a porous insert (22), particularly in a ceramic insert, sintered insert, mesh, felt, textiles or the like, under which a chamber (23) or the like furnished with the connection (9) to a source of vacuum is provided.
  16. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the bottom surfaces (21) of the individual holes (6) are formed by the end face of pistons or plungers movable in the holes (6), which pistons are arranged deeper during filling than during fusion of the bristles (4) and are liftable to a height corresponding to the exact length of the tuft, possibly to a height above the suction channels of the holes.
  17. An apparatus particularly as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom surfaces (21) of the holes (6) in the form (7) are corrugated or profiled or roughened, some bristles (4) fitting between and others fitting on the raised parts, so that the individual bristles (4) of a tuft (5) obtain small differences in length at the free operative end thereof.
  18. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that conduits (10) for tufts (5) are provided in a number exceeding the number of holes (6) in a form (7), so that a plurality of forms (7) composing an array of bristles can be filled simultaneously.
  19. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 18, characterized in that the slide (17) for separating the tufts has different recesses (18) or pockets to compose different tufts (5) and particularly to compose tufts (5) of different thickness and/or cross-sectional shape.
  20. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 19, characterized in that two mutually opposed magazines (15) are provided and the two longitudinal sides of the slide (17) which is situated and is movable at right angles to the magazines and bristles (4) therein have recesses (18) for separating tufts (5).
  21. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that a plurality of magazines (15) of bristles and transfer slides (17) are provided for the intake heads (13) of the suction channels (10).
  22. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 21, characterized in that the conduits (10) for feeding the tufts (5) from the slide (17) to the forms (7) have an inside diameter of approximately 0.1 mm to 20 mm.
  23. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 22, characterized in that the forms (7) are disposed on a belt or chain conveyor (24) or like conveying means, arranged in tandem in the direction of feed and above the upper run of the conveyor there being the outlets (11) of the conduits (10), followed by a heating or fusing station (25) for fusing the ends of the bristles, possibly followed in the direction of feed by a feeding device for brush bodies (26) and/or an ultrasonic welding device (27) or adhesive applicator.
  24. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 23, characterized in that the eject ion station (28) for the finished brushes (3) is provided at the lower run of the conveyor (24) or the like.
  25. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 24, characterized in that, when the form (7) is filled, a holding and introducing plate (14) for the bristles (4) is arranged between said form and outlets (11) of the conduits (10), said holding plate having holes (6a) therethrough in the arrangement in which the tufts (5) are collected into an array of bristles, and the bristles inserted in the form possibly protruding from the holding plate when they are fused.
  26. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 25, characterized in that the holes (6a) in the holding plate (14) have counterbored areas (6b) which are situated on the top side averted from the operative ends (6a) of the bristles (4) and receive the fused ends (8) of the bristles (4) of the individual tufts (5) therein, and underneath the surface of the plate the edges facing one another of said counterbored areas may merge.
  27. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 26, characterized in that the holding plate (14) has a flange (30) or a sealing lip which, after insertion in a brush body recess (31) receiving the holding plate, engages over the edge of said recess.
  28. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 27, characterized in that the holding plate (14) adapted to be placed on the form (7) consists of the material of which the brush body (26) consists, or that the holding plate (14) constitutes the brush body.
  29. An apparatus for forming zones or arrays of bristles (2) for brushes (3) or tufts of bristles for paint brushes, wherein the ends (8) of individual bristles (4) of a tuft (5) thereof of synthetic material are fused together and/or are fused to those of a neighbouring tuft, including a form (7) furnished with holes (6) into which tufts (5) fit one to each hole and from which the bristle-ends (4) to be fused project, particularly for carrying out the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a feeding device (37) is provided which serves to pick up and transport tufts (5) or individual bristles (4) to the holes (6) of the form (7) and has a slide holding the tufts (5) one by one and a feed plate (38) furnished with passages (39), on which feed plate (38) the tufts (5) are movable at right angles to the direction in which the bristles (4) are oriented by means of the slide (17), that the passages (39) of the feed plate (38) are in alignment or can be brought into alignment with the holes (6) in the form (7) and that the form (7) has a connection (9) to a source of vacuum.
  30. An apparatus as claimed in claim 29, characterized in that the connection (9) to a source of vacuum of the form (7) is arranged underneath a porous insert (22) containing the ends of the holes (7).
  31. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 30, characterized in that on that side of the holding plate (14) at which the bristles (4) to be fused project there are protuberant raised or prominent areas, knobs (33) or the like of meltable material between the holes (6a).
  32. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 31, characterized in that the rotatable transfer slide (17) revolves in a uniform direction of rotation when removing the bristles (4) from the bristle magazine (15), conveying them to the inlet openings (12) or passages (39) and moving from there back to the respective bristle magazine (15) and after a partial revolution of e.g. 90° between the positions for extracting bristles has a halt position for transferring the bristles (4).
  33. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 32, characterized in that the rotatable transfer slide (17) is a rotary disc with a preferably circular periphery and a central axis of rotation and the recesses (18) are arranged open-ended at the periphery of said rotary disc, and that arranged in spaced relationship along the periphery of the rotary disc there are two or four or even more bristle magazines (15) if the periphery of the rotary disc is commensurately large, and arranged between said bristle magazines there being the halt position and the location for transfer to the inlet openings (12) or passages (39).
EP90110871A 1989-06-24 1990-06-08 Method and apparatus for forming zones or tufts of bristles Expired - Lifetime EP0405204B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3920770 1989-06-24
DE3920769 1989-06-24
DE19893920769 DE3920769A1 (en) 1989-06-24 1989-06-24 Machine for producing bristle tufts
DE3920770 1989-06-24

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EP0405204A2 EP0405204A2 (en) 1991-01-02
EP0405204A3 EP0405204A3 (en) 1991-08-07
EP0405204B1 true EP0405204B1 (en) 1994-09-07

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CN105231654B (en) * 2015-08-26 2017-08-29 安徽振达刷业有限公司 Bristle is melted fixing device by one kind for whole
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DE4409395C2 (en) * 1994-03-18 2000-10-26 Lingner & Fischer Gmbh Toothbrush head
US5927819A (en) * 1997-02-28 1999-07-27 Gillette Canada Inc. Method and device for trimming and end-rounding bristles
DE19738256A1 (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-03-11 Rueb F A Holding Gmbh Method and device for producing bristle fields and bristle field produced therewith
DE19738256C2 (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-09-23 Rueb F A Holding Gmbh Method and device for producing bristle fields and bristle field produced therewith
DE19818553C1 (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-08-05 Rueb F A Holding Gmbh Making plastic toothbrush combating microorganism growth amongst its bristles
EP0972464A1 (en) 1998-07-14 2000-01-19 Firma G.B. BOUCHERIE, naamloze vennootschap Method for manufacturing brushes and brush manufacturing machine applying this method
DE19932377A1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-02-08 Coronet Werke Gmbh Method and device for the production of brushes and brushes produced thereafter
EP1110479A1 (en) 1999-12-22 2001-06-27 G.B. Boucherie, N.V. Process for joining bristle bundles for brushes to a carrier made of thermoplastic material
DE10062398C5 (en) * 2000-01-19 2016-03-03 M + C Schiffer Gmbh A method for forming a bundle of bristles and a device suitable for carrying out the method
EP1136016A1 (en) 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 G.B. Boucherie, N.V. Method and device for melting ends of bristles
EP1136017A1 (en) 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 G.B. Boucherie, N.V. Method and device for melting ends of bristles
EP1661487B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2022-03-30 Trisa Holding AG Toothbrush and method for production of such a toothbrush
US8806695B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2014-08-19 Colgate-Palmolive Company Oral care implement having flexibly supported cleaning elements extending in opposite directions
US9167888B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2015-10-27 Colgate-Palmolive Company Oral care implement having flexibly supported cleaning elements extending in opposite directions
DE102008061389A1 (en) 2008-12-10 2010-06-24 Frisetta Kunststoff Gmbh Method for producing bristle fields by means of molds
DE102008061389B4 (en) * 2008-12-10 2012-06-28 Frisetta Kunststoff Gmbh Method for producing bristle fields by means of molds
DE102008061384A1 (en) 2008-12-10 2010-06-24 Frisetta Kunststoff Gmbh Method and device for producing drill fields or bristle bundles
EP2196107A1 (en) 2008-12-10 2010-06-16 Frisetta Kunststoff GmbH Method and device for manufacturing bristle fields or bristle bundles
DE202010015966U1 (en) 2009-03-20 2011-04-14 Zahoransky Ag Device for producing bristle fields for brushes
WO2010105745A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Zahoransky Ag Method and apparatus for producing bristle areas for brushes
DE102009013723A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Zahoransky Ag Method and device for producing and providing filament bundles and bristle fields
WO2011128020A1 (en) 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Zahoransky Ag Apparatus for producing bristle arrangements for brushes
DE102010015118A1 (en) 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Zahoransky Ag Device for producing bristle fields for brushes
DE102010055686A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Zahoransky Ag Device for manufacturing bristle fields for brushes, has two sub-plates formed in receiving plate, where each of multiple downstream holes of individual sub-plate has different surface textures and diameters
CN102551339A (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-07-11 沙郎斯基股份公司 Device used for producing bristle area of brush
CN102551339B (en) * 2010-12-22 2014-11-19 沙郎斯基股份公司 Device used for producing bristle area of brush

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AU5769090A (en) 1991-01-03
CA2019662C (en) 1996-08-13
JP2774185B2 (en) 1998-07-09
JPH03215211A (en) 1991-09-20
DE59007034D1 (en) 1994-10-13
EP0405204A2 (en) 1991-01-02
US5033797A (en) 1991-07-23
CA2019662A1 (en) 1990-12-24
ES2060869T3 (en) 1994-12-01
AU624048B2 (en) 1992-05-28
EP0405204A3 (en) 1991-08-07
ATE110942T1 (en) 1994-09-15

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