EP1396280A2 - Exercise apparatus for the coordination of the legs, the arms and the body - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an approximately vertically arranged foot plate (56) that can be moved elastically and horizontally about a rest position and to which a foot (62) can be attached. The foot plate is mounted via spring elements (54) on an intermediate frame (26) that is attached to a fixed base frame (12) so as to be movable elastically and horizontally about a rest position.

Description

The invention relates to a device for training the leg motor. The invention further relates to a device for training the arm motor and a device for training the body's motor skills.

The inventor assumes that people who are stressed by social or physical Acceleration, the ability to differentially regulate your bloodstream according to the different requirements of the situations of life in which they are placed are gradually losing. Autogenic training or other relaxation methods, those recommended for relieving stress set this ability to differential Vasoconstriction and vasodilation ahead. Where acceleration suffered this Ability hampers, tools are needed to bring it back to self-development.

The invention has for its object the ability of people under stress to support self-regulation of the blood circulation system.

A first solution to this problem is achieved with a device according to claim 1.

Claims 2 to 8 are based on advantageous embodiments and developments of the device according to the invention directed according to claim 1.

Another solution to the object of the invention is provided by a device according to the claim 9 scored.

The sub-claims 10 to 14 are advantageous embodiments and further developments the device according to claim 9 directed.

Claim 15 characterizes an embodiment of a device according to the invention, with which the body motor system can be trained particularly advantageously holistically.

The invention is described below with reference to schematic drawings, for example and explained with further details.

Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Trainieren der Beinmotorik;

Fig. 2 eine Teilansicht der Fig. 1 in der Ebene II-II der Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, einer Vorrichtung zum Trainieren der Armmotorik; und

Fig. 4 eine Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3.

They represent:

Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a device according to the invention for training the leg motor.

Fig. 2 is a partial view of Figure 1 in the plane II-II of Fig. 1.

3 shows a side view, partly in section, of a device for training the arm motor system; and

4 shows a front view of the device according to FIG. 3.

According to FIG. 1, a frame 6 which can be set up freely on a floor (not shown) has a Base plate 8, from which a column 10 rises. On the column 10 is a height adjustable rigid base frame 12 attached.

The base frame 12 has an upper plate 14 and a lower plate 16, which by means of a vertical strut 18 are rigidly connected. On the left edge of FIG The top plate 14 and the bottom plate 16 are each a ring 20 encompassing the column 10 formed, in which a locking screw 22 can be screwed, with which the respective ring is fixable on the column 10. By loosening and tightening the locking screws 22 the base frame 12 thus held vertically adjustable on the column 10.

An intermediate frame 26 is fastened to the base frame 12 by means of four spring elements 24, which has a top plate 28, a bottom plate 30 and two side struts 32 which connect the top plate to the bottom plate.

On the top plate 28 and the bottom plate 30 of the rigid intermediate frame 26 is over four spring elements 34 attached to a base plate 36 which forms a mass body and on a horizontally arranged vibrating rod 40 is fastened by means of a holder 38. The vibrating rod is, for example, one from Haider-Metall under the name Propriomed bar offered. Such a vibrating rod 40 has a central rod-shaped one Core 42 made of resilient spring steel, on which weights 44 are longitudinally adjustable are attached. A central area of the core 42 has a thickened diameter Jacket 46 on, for example, when training with the vibrating rod alone as a handle serves and on which springs 58 are supported on both sides, the tension of which is adjusted of stops 50 along the core 42 is adjustable. By changing the Settings of the weights 44 and the stops 50 can be frequency and vibration behavior of the oscillating rod 40, the ends of which oscillate in the direction of the double arrows, adjust in many ways.

On the top plate 28 and the bottom plate 30 of the intermediate frame 26 is further via spring elements 54 a foot plate 56 is attached, which has a support 58 and a buckle 60, so that a foot 62 can be fastened to the foot plate 56.

The spring elements 24, 34 and 54 are advantageously constructed as in the cutout A of Fig. 1 and have a flexible, but not or only slightly extendable Rope 64, advantageously steel rope, around which a coil spring 66 is arranged is. With the design of the spring elements according to section A it is achieved that Intermediate frame 26 relative to the base frame 16 according to FIG. 1 from left to right in a horizontal Direction and perpendicular to the plane of the paper also elastic in the horizontal direction is reciprocable, and that the base plate 36 with the vibrating rod 40 and footplate 56 is similarly elastically reciprocable relative to the intermediate frame are. It goes without saying that rotational movements of the components mentioned relative to each other about a vertical and horizontal axis are possible. The natural frequencies are determined by the stiffness of the spring elements and the masses of the frames or plates determined.

Thus movements of the foot 62 according to FIG. 1 to the left or right are additionally elastic are supported, a sleeve 68 is attached to the base plate 56, in which a coil spring 70 is applied, which is supported on the base plate 56 and a rod-shaped extension 72, which is formed on the strut 18 and is received with play in the sleeve 68.

On the base plate 56, an acceleration sensor 74 is attached, the movements of the Base plate 56 detects and its output signal via transmission devices, not shown are transmitted to an evaluation unit, also not shown.

The device described represents a system in which the footplate 56 moves over of the foot 62 applied oscillating movements via the spring elements 54 on the intermediate frame 26 and from this via the spring elements 34 to the base plate 36 and from this to the spring bar 38, the intermediate frame 26th can also oscillate relative to the base frame 12 by means of the spring elements 24, so that the base plate 56 is a complex one and is based on the respective masses and stiffnesses of the Variable frequency behavior shows spring elements. Natural frequencies of footplate 56 can with a multiple, for example six times the natural frequency of the Vibrating rods 40 are, for example, between six and eight Hertz. A 100 meter runner who has to be very awake during the 10 seconds needed for the 100 m, has a beta frequency of 22 Hertz, a heart rate of 2 Hertz and one in the EEG Step frequency of 20 Hertz. The flight time / support time ratio for such a sprinter, which increases its speed from 2.5 m / s to 10 m / s increases from 0.5 to 1.0. The on the supporting muscles of the pelvis, legs and spine act as vertical forces are extraordinarily large and they work together with the nervous system and blood circulation and the energy provided to the muscular system must be quickly transferred to the Needs are distributed. When driving with a transport vehicle, for example a car, truck, train, bus or plane becomes active as well as passive Drive the feed forward system between the target motor and the support motor more strongly activated. The nervous system sets up to deal with any unforeseen event to adequately compensate this feedforward system so that the usual distribution process of the energy supply to the places that need to register during and after Events can be compensated immediately.

The invention starts with the activity of the synergists in the legs, for example the Interplay of calf and flounder muscles in the leg through an oscillating movement the foot plate 56 is trained. The movement can be done with the accelerometer 74 are detected and made visible on a screen, with amplitude and Frequency can be evaluated to indicate a person's motor behavior and improvements, for example in the form of tuning to natural frequencies, make visible.

In the described device, the pressure forces exerted by the foot are divided into two directions perpendicular to each other - in one direction the Torques transmitted from the ball of the foot to the heel and vice versa and in the other direction the acting moments of force are transmitted from the outer to the inner foot edge.

The distribution of the forces on the outer or inner edge of the foot happens through the Flexors and extensors of the big toe working with the muscles of the four other toes.

The moments in the other direction create plantar and dorsiflexion in the foot.

These moments of force are generated by different groups of muscles. The Plantar flexion is produced by the gastrocnemius muscle (the calf), its connection runs to the heel bone over the Achilles tendon. The dorsiflexion of the foot is caused by produces the soleus muscle, which originates in the between the tibia (shin bone) and the fibula (fibula bone) lying membrana ossea takes and runs to the bones in the midfoot.

The interaction of these muscles when standing (i.e. when the person is standing) causes congenital or dispositional shifting of the weight forward by a stronger one gastrocnemius muscle (two-headed calf muscle, which originates from the Condyli femoris / thigh bone with two heads and extends over the back of the knee to the Achilles tendon) compared to a weaker soleus muscle originating in the upper third of both the tibia and the fibula and approach also in the Achilles tendon) dorsiflexion in the ankle. The reverse is the case when the weakness in the calf muscle (gastrocnemius muscle) compared to the stronger plaice muscle (sole muscle) makes itself felt. acceleration processes in modern mobile living and working places reinforce existing ones in the long run Attitude imbalances between these two synergists or interplay between the Leg muscles in their cooperation with the muscles of the foot and toes. The Braking process e.g. moves the driver's weight forward with one turn anyway of the right foot and lower leg inwards in a "left-hand-drive construction" (European non-English variant), the throttle initially causes a shift of the weight backwards with a simultaneous rotation of the right foot and right lower leg to the outside. Latent imbalances between The soleus muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle are made according to this processing due to the acceleration of the vehicle after longer journeys, the body posture make the driver more noticeable.

The distribution of the red and white muscle fibers in these muscles of the legs is also relevant. The soleus muscle has the largest percentage of red ones Muscle fibers. Everyday actions during acceleration processes at mobile workplaces require the coordination of these muscles of the legs for plantar and dorsiflexion when clutching, braking and accelerating and the internal and external rotation of the Lower leg when performing these activities while driving. In analog In this way, the corresponding ones are stressed in the hands and arms Muscles of the forearm and fingers when driving the car.

As is well known, the regulation of the differential blood flow to these muscles depends on respective state of consciousness of the human brain. She is in the sleeping state Blood flow to the extremities is throttled and the blood collects in the bowels, in the lungs, liver and kidney. But the red muscle fibers are in the sleep stages more circulation.

Relaxation techniques such as yoga, autogenic training and a number of other East Asian ones and occidental meditative types of movement use a state of consciousness, that since the late 1960s through the work of the neurophysiologist Tomai Hirai as IV. State of consciousness or second paradoxical waking state of the nervous system has become known. In this state it is possible e.g. the differential blood flow to red and white muscle fibers via the response of α1, α2, β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors or cholinergic nicotine and muscarinic receptors head for. This normal skill that can be trained in every human being essential of the synchronization of the internal clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus Depends on the hypothalamus, under the influence of the acceleration processes of modern times Mobility at work and in leisure time lost.

The device presented here by the inventor is offered as an option, the original Ability to attain the IV. State of consciousness of the CNS through the Reaching practitioners again. The reasoning behind this assumption came from the Consideration of the results of the deviations in the course of the curves in six for the orthostatic Blood circulation regulation relevant parameters - the systolic and the diastolic Blood pressure, the plus frequency per minute, the oxygen saturation of the blood in the Extremities of the body, the difference between systole and diastole (ΔP) and that Ratio of QT - to distance on the EKG during a series of those taken from yoga Postures while sitting and lying down in the years 1995 to 2001 in several carried out and compared series of investigations. The deviation of the Curve of the circulatory parameters of the driver in such postures after a 2 to 3 hour drive to its course after a leisure-intensive Period indicated strong sympathetic activity while driving, which was even two Hours still stopped after the ride. This sympathetic activity results from the activating events in traffic that lead to evasive maneuvers, steering, Lead braking and accelerating. These events don't happen rhythmically, but they do calculated from the rhythmic course of the feed forward system of the motor system, i.e. anticipated so that when they enter the driver after overcoming the situation immediately returns to the usual course of the journey at the speed desired by him can record. In this view, there is agreement with newer neurophysiology (see the work of K.R. Mills: Impairment of skilled Human Movement, and the Ban's other work on Acquired Human Skills, ed. F.W.Cody / Physiological Society of London, Studies in Physiology Vol. 3, Portland press London 1995).

The skeletal muscles in the pelvic and trunk areas become just like the arm and arm Leg muscles captured by the feedforwad system. The feedback information from the However, the pelvic and trunk area remain in contact with increasing braking these areas with the effects of longitudinal, lateral and vertical acceleration. The feedback loop of the trunk and pelvis is becoming more and more comfortable interrupted by driver seat arrangements. The one from the hand, from the forearm, the Foot and lower leg information coming to the dopaminergic Coordination system of the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia and the small, intermediate and Midbrain reported back without adequate feedback reports from the pelvic and The trunk area reach these information processing centers at the same time. The Nuclus Accumbens reward system plays a special role in this. Successful maneuvers anchor themselves here in such a way that the joy of driving reinforces the decoupling reports of the durability of the orthostatic circulatory system can result from long driving. The result of such a decoupling makes permanent stiffening not only in the trunk and pelvic area, but also noticeable in the shoulder, hand, elbow, knee and ankle area.

The stressed feedback system of the pelvic and trunk area gets heavier after suffering Acceleration in the head, arm and leg area through exercises with the one presented Device claimed. The targeted movements of the Foot and / or hand used during training to keep the vibrating rod in motion set, only the amplitude of the vibration and not the frequency by the used muscle strength and targeting of the foot or hand of the practitioner varies can be. This causes sympathetic-controlled overactivity in the blood supply the skeletal muscles slowed down and a targeted blood supply especially the in the deep layer on the spine autochthonous muscles with their high proportion of red muscle fibers. It is this process of resuscitation the ability to dissociate in the fourth state of consciousness and paradoxical wakefulness guaranteed. While the head is sleeping, the body wakes up, the white muscle fibers become gently moved to give up their activity, reviving the red muscle fibers. This leads to a recovery and a decrease in stiffness in the joints.

The following is an example of a short sequence of exercises after one plagued by stress Practitioners after a working day explained:

The practitioner lies down on a mat on the floor and places the device at his feet so that his left foot can be placed comfortably on the footplate while his extended left leg describes an angle of 30 ° to 45 ° to the floor. his he pulls his right foot in so that his right leg is bent halfway across the seat. While slowly moving the vibrating rod with his left foot, he lifts his torso with the help of abdominal muscles without putting his hands against the floor support and slowly moves his hands along the straight leg to the left Gain a foothold. If the hands do not kick the foot because of the stiffness of the back the back should not be forced to use force. A lot of rather the practitioner tries to control the amplitude of the vibration of the vibrating rod, Making them bigger or smaller with closed eyes turns the torso against the outstretched leg to the right and then to the left, around the autochthonous muscles of the trunk changes the position of the legs and guides them Movement with the right leg extended and the right foot to the footplate leaning through. He performs the similar exercise sequence with the passive leg in the Tailor and in the Turkish seat position. At the end of this exercise sequence, he places one He tries the same on the footplate and with the other foot on this foot Carry out movements with the trunk as before. The implementation of this exercise sequence in total with three basic positions of the legs to the device lasts between 15 and 30 minutes.

Movement frequencies of the foot are, for example, a few Hertz, preferably between 1 and 8 Hz; Forces exerted by the foot are, for example, between 200 and 600 N.

The device described for training the leg motor is advantageously provided in duplicate, so that a person lying or sitting on a chair with one on each Foot plate 56 attached foot can perform the workout.

The device described can be modified in many ways. The spring elements do not have to be designed as rigid spring elements, so that a Swinging in a vertical plane is possible. Furthermore, they can spring together attached components are also mutually supported such that a suspension in horizontal direction. This happens, for example, in such a way that the top plate 28 is bent downwards at its free end and in addition to the vertical spring elements between a vertical web of the top plate 28 and the foot plate 56 thus formed horizontal spring is arranged. The spring element 54 can then by a simple Rope to be replaced. The number and arrangement of the spring elements can be varied.

The base plate 36, which in the example shown has a hole for the passage of the Sleeve 68 is formed, can also be designed as a frame part. On the other hand, you can the frames 12 and 26 are designed only as longwall units or as flat plate parts his. A plurality of acceleration sensors 74 can be provided, the accelerations selectively capture only in one direction, so that an accurate movement analysis of the footplate 56 and other moving components is possible.

In a highly simplified embodiment, the device can be designed such that the foot plate 56 is resiliently suspended directly on the base frame 12 and both the intermediate frame and the base plate 36 are missing. In a further expansion stage the base plate 56 can be suspended from the base frame 12 via the intermediate frame 26. The base plate 36 and the support via the spring 70 can then in further stages or embodiments complete the device.

It is particularly advantageous if not only the foot or leg motor skills, but also the Arm, hand or finger motor skills are trained. This is another device created, which is explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The device for training the arm motor contains a base body 80, the Top 82 a support for the inner, lower end of an arm and the beginning of the Handballens forms. The base body 80 can be pivoted about a common axis 84 lever-like components or keys 86 pivotally mounted. Each key 86 is individual pivotable and is associated with a torsion spring 88 in the rest position shown held. The torsion spring 88 is supported at one end on the base body 80 and with the other end on button 86.

4, which is a view from the right of the device of FIG. 3 Advantageously, five keys 86 arranged side by side, each key 86 with a 3 is pivotable to the right if the Hand with the end of the forearm or the ball of the hand resting on the top 82 is bent upwards. The base body 80 is a ball joint 90, which with a Clamping screw 92 is fixable and is formed at the end of a support arm 94, on one Bracket or strut 96, for example the armrest of a chair or the column of one Mountable in such a way that the base body 80 in a comfortable for resting the arm Position can be brought.

By pivoting the buttons 86 against the forces of the springs 88, the fingers can be trained individually or in groups or together.

3 and 4 can be modified in many ways. For example, must a single button may not be provided for each finger and thumb. middle finger and ring finger can be on a common, correspondingly wider key rest. The torsion springs 88 can be replaced by coil springs made by a not shown, on the base body 80 to the right and above projecting approach press against the outside of the buttons and their tension can be set, for example.

Two devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are advantageous in a training device and two devices according to FIGS. 3 and 4 attached such that one on one A person sitting or lying down can exercise their feet and hands at the same time. The invention thus starts with the activity of the synergists in the legs and arms, the interplay of calf and flounder muscles in the leg and the interplay the quadratic inward turner (pronator quadratus muscle) and / or the outward turner (supinator muscle) with the long palm muscle (palmaris longus muscle) with the biceps (biceps brachii muscle) and the upper spoke muscle (brachioradialis muscle) in my arms. The ankle joint in the leg is used as a hinge joint by the calf the plaice muscle as an opponent, the knee joint is also used as a hinge by ) the calf moves with the four-piece thigh muscle as an opponent. Of these three muscles of the leg, the clod muscle has the largest proportion of red muscle fibers. Two more muscles are important for the arm in most powerful movements, namely the large and small pectoral muscles (pectoralis maior and musculus pectoralis minor), of which the small chest muscle has the largest proportion of red muscle fibers should have.

Desynchronized processes in the central nervous system and in the bloodstream take place in the Synergistic play of the muscles of the legs mentioned as loss of stability, fatigue, heaviness and stiffness in the ankle, knee and hip joint, in the synergistic play of the arms as coordination disorders of finger movements, stiffness of the hand, fatigue, stiffness and Heaviness noticeable in the elbow and shoulder joint. The present invention helps these appearances as consequences of social or physical accelerations are to be seen to fix.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

6

frame

8th

baseplate

10

pillar

12

base frame

14

top plate

16

lower plate

18

strut

20

ring

22

locking screw

24

spring element

26

between the frame

28

top plate

30

lower plate

32

strut

34

spring element

36

baseplate

38

bracket

40

vibrating rod

42

core

44

Weight

46

coat

48

feather

50

attack

54

spring element

56

footplate

58

support

60

buckle

62

foot

64

rope

66

coil spring

68

shell

70

coil spring

72

approach

74

accelerometer

80

body

82

top

84

axis

86

button

88

torsion spring

90

ball joint

92

clamping screw

94

Beam

96

strut

Claims (16)

Device for training the leg motor, comprising an approximately vertically arranged in the horizontal direction around a rest position elastically movable footplate (56) which one foot (62) can be attached. Apparatus according to claim 1, which footplate (56) by means of spring elements (54) an intermediate frame (26) is attached, which intermediate frame in the horizontal direction attached to a stationary base frame (12) in an elastically movable manner about a rest position is. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein on the intermediate frame (26) in a horizontal Direction around a rest position elastically movable mass body (36) is attached. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein on the mass body (36) the central region a horizontal vibrating rod (40) is attached, the end regions of which are transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rod are resilient. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least some of the spring elements a connecting the components held together by the spring elements, in essential inextensible rope (64) around which a coil spring (66) is arranged whose ends are supported on the components. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the resiliently connected Components (12, 26, 36, 56) are rectangular in total and one each Spring element attacks in the area of each corner of the spring-suspended component. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the base plate (56) a stationary component (12) via a support spring (70) which acts in the horizontal direction supported. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the device for height adjustability the footplate contains a vertical column (10). Device for training the arm motor, containing at least two, side by side arranged resilient lever-like components (86) each for at least one support the tip of a finger. Apparatus according to claim 9, comprising a base body (80) on which the components (86) are pivotally attached, which base body has an upper side (82) for support of the hand-side end of an arm in such a way that when resting on the top Arm end and hand bent upwards, the fingertips in contact with the components (86) are. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein five components (86) are arranged side by side are. Device according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein the lever-like components (86) are arranged pivotable about a common axis (84). The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the lever-like members (86) are each one Torsion spring (88) are held in a rest position. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the base body (80) is held spatially adjustable on a holder (94, 96). Device for training the body muscles, containing at least one Device according to one of claims 1 to 8 and at least one device according to one of claims 9 to 14, which devices are mounted such that they from at least one foot and at least one hand of a seated or lying person can be operated simultaneously. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein on at least one of the vibratable components (56) an acceleration sensor (74) is attached, which with a Evaluation unit is connected.

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