WO2006040048A1 - Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent - Google Patents
Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006040048A1 WO2006040048A1 PCT/EP2005/010701 EP2005010701W WO2006040048A1 WO 2006040048 A1 WO2006040048 A1 WO 2006040048A1 EP 2005010701 W EP2005010701 W EP 2005010701W WO 2006040048 A1 WO2006040048 A1 WO 2006040048A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- nicotinamid
- composition according
- skin
- urease
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/27—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
- A61K31/315—Zinc compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/455—Nicotinic acids, e.g. niacin; Derivatives thereof, e.g. esters, amides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/29—Titanium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/67—Vitamins
- A61K8/673—Vitamin B group
- A61K8/675—Vitamin B3 or vitamin B3 active, e.g. nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl aldehyde
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/74—Biological properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/75—Anti-irritant
Definitions
- Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent
- the invention relates to skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent.
- the invention relates also to medicaments comprising said compositions, being advantageously used for treating and/or preventing minor to moderate skin irritations.
- diaper dermatits which in its most commun form represents an irritant contact dermatitis.
- the diapered skin of attorneys is frequently exposed to a warm, moist atomic structure, and increased hydratation of skin is known to cause increased friction and abrasion, increases permeability and elevated microbial counts.
- ammonia is implicated in the genesis of diaper dermatitis. More recently, it has been reported that ammonia may play an indirect role, involving an interaction between urine and feces.
- the direct effect on skin can be attributed to fecal enzymes, particularly proteases and lipases, that become more active and thus more damaging as the pH increases.
- the pH increase is the result of ammonia production from urinary urea through the action of fecal urease.
- Urine and feces are commonly present in the diaper at the same time, and exposure of the skin to these materials for several hours is not uncommon, particularly in the overnight diaper, providing suitable conditions and ample time for this interaction and resulting skin damage to occur.
- lipases and proteases are skin irritants that may be involved in the induction of diaper dermatitis (Etiologic factors inndiaper dermatitis: the role of urine, Ronald W. Berg et al, Pediatric Dermatology, Vol. 3 No 2. 102-106).
- urine may also contain materials that irritate skin directly, particularly after prolonged exposure.
- rashes are, generally, caused by allergies, exposures of the skin to periods of cold weather, or exposure to hot, humid conditions, such as washing dishes or the like, or exposure to irritating materials in topical products or ingredients (e. g., retinoiod, hydroxy acids, keto acids). These rashes can also be caused by excessive dryness of the skin without adequate skin moisturization.
- compositions intented for the treatment of minor skin irritations, containing a safe and effective amount of natural or synthetic vitamin B3 compounds as an anti-irritant agent.
- the compositions comprise as essential components a vitamin B3 component and a dermatologically acceptable carrier.
- the compositions may comprise optional components but the disclosed compositions do not comprise an absorbing agent.
- the compositions have a pH of from about 4 to about 7.
- the patent application WO99/63982 discloses a method for treating diaper dermatitis in a human which comprises the steps of:
- the invention relates to an acidic and buffered composition
- an acidic and buffered composition comprising:
- composition means that said composition has a pH value which is lower than 7.
- a buffered composition is formulated to provide a capacity of resistance to an increase of pH induced by the addition of an alkaline agent.
- the composition may be buffered by the addition of buffering agents which include but are not limited to citrates (disodium citrate/trisodium citrate) or phosphates (potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate).
- buffering agents include but are not limited to citrates (disodium citrate/trisodium citrate) or phosphates (potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate).
- Preverence is given to a buffered composition comprising disodium citrate, trisodium citrate potassium dihydro ⁇ gen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or mixtures thereof.
- the buffer capacity can be quantified by the volume of alkaline solution added to reach a fixed pH.
- the composition has advantageously a pH value in the range of 4 to 7, more advantageously from 4.4 to 6.0, even more advantageously from 5.0 to 6.0.
- Nicotinamid is a vitamin B 3 compound having the following formula:
- Salts of the vitamin B 3 compound are also useful herein.
- Nonlimiting examples of salts of the vitamin B 3 compound useful herein include organic or inorganic salts, such as inorganic salts with anionic inorganic species (e. g., chloride, bromide, iodide, carbonate), and organic carboxylic acid salts (including mono-, di-and tri-Ci-Cis carboxylic acid salts, e. g., acetate, salicylate, glycolate, lactate, malate, citrate).
- anionic inorganic species e. g., chloride, bromide, iodide, carbonate
- organic carboxylic acid salts including mono-, di-and tri-Ci-Cis carboxylic acid salts, e. g., acetate, salicylate, glycolate, lactate, malate, citrate.
- absorbing agents are finely powdered materials incorporated in high concentration in semi-solid preparations (pastes) inducing absorptive characteristics to the preparations.
- Several methods are described in the litterature to quantify their absorptive feature by measuring the quantity of water absorbed either after incubation or through water permeable film (Juch; Rufi; Surber; in Dermatology 1994; 189 :373-377 and Rae in Brit. J. Dermat. 1947;59,338- 39).
- Absorbing agents according to the invention include but are not limited to zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, starch, talc, kaolin, aluminium stearate, magnesium carbonate or a mixture thereof which are the most commonly used absorbing agents.
- Preverence is given to a composition comprising talc, titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide treated with a silicone derivative or fatty acids, zinc oxide treated with a silicone derivative or fatty acids or mixtures thereof.
- the silicon derivative is advantageously selected from the group consisting of methicone, dimethicone and cyclopenta- siloxane.
- the absorbing agent is titanium dioxide treated with fatty acids or zinc oxide treated with fatty acids, the fatty acids are advantageously selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, mystiric acid and mixtures thereof.
- the absorbing agent is titanium dioxide.
- titanium dioxide is used in anatase crystalline form with an average primary crystal size ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the composition comprises 5 % to 20 %, by weight of the composition, of one of said absorbing agents, advandageously 5 % to 15 % by weight of the composition, of one of said absorbing agents. If a mixture of absorbing agents is used the total amount of the absorbing agents in the composition is 5 % to 40 %, preferably 10 % to 30 %, more preferably 15% to 25 % by weight of the composition.
- the composition advantageously comprises 0.1 % to 4 %, preferably 0.3 to 2.5 %, by weight of the composition, of nicotinamid.
- the composition may further comprise physiological skin lipids which include but are not limited to ceramide, cholesterol, palmitic acid and linoleic acid; other vitamins, in particular specific vitamins to help healing process which include but are not limited to dexpanthenol and vitamin E; anti-pruritic agents which include but are not limited to glycine; moisturising agents which include but are not limited to glycerin, sorbitol and xylitol.
- the composition comprises dexpanthenol and vitamin E.
- the composition comprises dexpanthenol in an amount of 3 % to 10 %, preferably 4 % to 8 % by weight of the composition.
- composition may further comprise a vitamin C compound in combination with or instead of nicotinamid.
- the composition does not comprise ethanol or preservatives; the composition is preservative and ethanol free.
- the composition may comprise a synthetic or a natural emulsifier which include but are not limited to cetearylglucoside, cocoylglucoside, bis-PEG/PPG-16/16 PEG/PPG-16/16 dimethicone, tribehenin
- PEG-20 esters glyceryl stearate, PEG-75 stearate, ceteth-20, Ceteareth-12, ceteareth-20, steareth- 20, poly glycery 1-3 -diisostearate, polyglyceryl-2-dihydroxystearate, PEG-30 dipolyhydroxy- stearate, cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone, bis PEG/PPG-14/14 dimethicone.
- composition of the present invention may also be included in the composition of the present invention which include but are not limited to iscosifying agents and emulsion stabilizers like xanthan gum, cetearyl alcohol, PVP, PEG-75, sodium alginate, carbomer, guar gum, emollients like caprilic/capric triglycerides, squalane, dimethicone, water resistant and film former agents like PVP eicosene Copolymer, C20-22 alkyl phosphate/C20-22 alcohols, colorants like iron oxides.
- iscosifying agents and emulsion stabilizers like xanthan gum, cetearyl alcohol, PVP, PEG-75, sodium alginate, carbomer, guar gum, emollients like caprilic/capric triglycerides, squalane, dimethicone, water resistant and film former agents like PVP eicosene Copolymer, C20-22 alkyl phosphat
- composition complies with the EP standards for efficacy of antimicrobial preservation, what means that after inoculation of 10 5 to 10 6 micro-organisms the log reduction must be the following :
- composition of the present invention also contains a dermatologically acceptable carrier.
- dermatologically acceptable carrier means that the carrier is suitable for topical application to the skin, has good aesthetic properties, is compatible with the actives of the present invention and any other components, and will not cause any untoward safety or toxicity concerns.
- a safe and effective amount of carrier is from about 40% to about 90%, preferably from about 45% to about 85%, more preferably from about 50% to about 80% by weight of the composition.
- the carrier can be in a wide variety of forms.
- emulsion carriers including, but not limited to, oil-in-water (e.g. emulgel), water-in-oil, water-in-oil-in-water, and oil-in-water- in-silicone emulsions, are useful herein.
- Preferred cosmetically and/or pharmaceutically acceptable topical carriers include oil-in-water emulsions.
- emulsions can also be delivered in the form of sprays using either mechanical pump containers or pressurized aerosol containers using conventional propellants.
- These carriers can also be delivered in the form of a mousse.
- suitable topical carriers include anhydrous liquid solvents such as oils, and silicones; aqueous-based single phase liquid solvents; and thickened versions of these anhydrous and aqueous-based single phase solvents.
- the composition of the present invention is generally prepared by conventional methods such as are known in the art of making topical compositions.
- Such methods typically involve mixing of the ingredients in one or more steps to a relatively uniform state, with or without heating, cooling, application of vacuum, and the like.
- the product form can be a cream, paste, gel, emulsion, lotion, ointment, solution, liquid, mousse, foam etc.
- composition is useful for treating or preventing minor skin eruptions, redness, itchiness, dryness, rashes, and chapping in mammals, especially humans.
- composition is advantageously topically applied to the skin.
- the invention also relates to a medicament comprising a composition as described above.
- the medicament is useful for treating or preventing the irritation of mammalian skin.
- the medicament is useful for treating or preventing skin eruptions, itchiness, rashes, and chapping in mammals, especially humans.
- the medicament is particularly intented for the treatment and/pr the prevention of diaper dermatitis.
- the medicament is advantageously topically applied to the skin.
- the medicament may be in the form of a cream, paste, skin lotion, gel or the like which is intended to be left on the skin.
- the amount of the medicament which is applied, the frequency of application and the period of use will vary widely depending upon the level of irritation reduction desired.
- the invention further relates to the use of the above-described composition as an anti- urease agent, ie the above-described composition may be used for inhibit the urease activity.
- Example 1 formulae comprising Nicotinamid according to the present invention
- Example 2 Buffer capacity of the compositions according to the invention
- the buffer capacity can be quantified by the volume of alkaline solution added to reach a fixed pH.
- Protocol Test is done by titrimetry
- Table 8 Proposed specification more than 3.0 ml, preferably more than 4.5 ml of ammonia 0.1M to reach pH 8.
- compositions according to the invention could be called buffered compositions.
- the purpose of this example is to test the inhibitory effect of some molecules on the activity of urease. Suitable conditions (T°, time, concentration) for which urease produces amounts of measurable ammonia were determined. In the same conditions, increasing concentrations of nicotinamid are added.
- Enzyme activity is determined by incubation of the sample with urease and subsequent determination of released ammonia using an indophenol reaction along with parallel standardi ⁇ sation with ammonia.
- Suitable urease and ammonia concentrations were determined by preliminary tests to get a linear signal (between 0 and 1.2 O.D. at 630 nm) after 30' of colorimetric reaction.
- microplate was incubated for 15' at room temperature after urease addition (enzymatic reaction) and then incubated for 30' after addition of reagent A and reagent B (60 ⁇ L and 90 ⁇ L respectively » indophenol colorimetric reaction).
- blank is the sum of urease blank and sample blank.
- blank is the standard blank.
- Example 4 Inhibition of the Jack Bean UREASE activity by the compositions according to the invention The purpose of this example is to compare the inhibition of urease activity by a cream placebo and a cream containing 0.5%, 1%, 2% nicotinamid.
- formulae 5B, 5C, 5E and formula 5E' which is the same as formula 5E provided that it comprises 47.5 % w/w water instead of 47 % w/w and 0% w/w nicotinamid instead of 0.5 % w/w, have been tested.
- Reagent A phenol 6 g/100 ml sodium nitroprusside 25 mg/100 ml ad "Buffer pH 12" to complete volume
- Reagent B NaOH 16 g/1
- composition Sample with 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0% nicotinamid
- test tube contained 250 ⁇ l urea 4 %
- Each tube was incubated 15' at room temperature with urease.
- the tubes were centrifugated 15' 10000 RPM.
- cream dilutions The two major consequences of the cream dilutions are a lower matrix effect and a reduction of the nicotinamid concentration.
- This inhibitory effect of nicotinamid was shown by comparison of results obtained for the placebo and the sample.
- the optimal dilution will be chosen for its best ratio between placebo and sample inhibitory effect.
- 200, 400, 600 and 800 fold dilutions of cream - nicotinamid 2% were tested.
- 100, 200 and 300 fold dilutions were tested for the cream - nicotinamid 0.5%.
- duplicates were prepared and tested in quadruplicate. Average and RSD were calculated for each series (8 results).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0518160-7A BRPI0518160A (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-05 | acidic and compensated skin care compositions comprising nicotinamide and an absorbing agent |
AU2005293830A AU2005293830B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-05 | Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent |
MX2007004280A MX2007004280A (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-05 | Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent. |
EP05796527A EP1802296A1 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-05 | Acidic and buffered skin-scare compositions comprising nicotin amid an absorbing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04292455.5 | 2004-10-15 | ||
EP04292455 | 2004-10-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006040048A1 true WO2006040048A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
Family
ID=34931458
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/010701 WO2006040048A1 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-05 | Acidic and buffered skin-care compositions comprising nicotinamid and an absorbing agent |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1802296A1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR053978A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005293830B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0518160A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007004280A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2401100C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200626135A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006040048A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2742942A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | Unilever N.V. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
WO2015172801A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | Unilever N.V. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
WO2018206879A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-15 | Societe D'exploitation De Produits Pour Les Industries Chimiques Seppic | Process for the synthesis of n-acyl amino acids without the use of solvents or acid chloride |
US10874600B2 (en) | 2018-06-18 | 2020-12-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for degrading bilirubin in skin |
US10959933B1 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-03-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH skin care composition and methods of using the same |
US11110049B2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composition and method for improving the appearance of skin |
US11571379B2 (en) | 2020-01-24 | 2023-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Skin care composition |
US11583488B2 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2023-02-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of improving penetration of a vitamin B3 compound into skin |
US11622963B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-04-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of treating a skin condition |
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-
2005
- 2005-10-05 MX MX2007004280A patent/MX2007004280A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-10-05 AU AU2005293830A patent/AU2005293830B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-05 EP EP05796527A patent/EP1802296A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-05 RU RU2007117790/15A patent/RU2401100C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-05 BR BRPI0518160-7A patent/BRPI0518160A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-05 WO PCT/EP2005/010701 patent/WO2006040048A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-11 AR ARP050104259A patent/AR053978A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-10-14 TW TW094135792A patent/TW200626135A/en unknown
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3120850A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2017-01-25 | Unilever N.V. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
EP2742942A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | Unilever N.V. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
WO2015172801A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | Unilever N.V. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
EA031758B1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2019-02-28 | Юнилевер Н.В. | Niacinamide for inducing generation of antimicrobial peptides |
WO2018206879A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-15 | Societe D'exploitation De Produits Pour Les Industries Chimiques Seppic | Process for the synthesis of n-acyl amino acids without the use of solvents or acid chloride |
FR3066194A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-16 | Societe D'exploitation De Produits Pour Les Industries Chimiques Seppic | PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING N-ACYL AMINO ACIDS WITHOUT USING SOLVENTS OR ACID CHLORIDE |
US11110049B2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composition and method for improving the appearance of skin |
US10874600B2 (en) | 2018-06-18 | 2020-12-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for degrading bilirubin in skin |
US11622963B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2023-04-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of treating a skin condition |
US11571379B2 (en) | 2020-01-24 | 2023-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Skin care composition |
US10959933B1 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-03-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH skin care composition and methods of using the same |
US11583488B2 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2023-02-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of improving penetration of a vitamin B3 compound into skin |
US11911498B2 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2024-02-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH skin care composition and methods of using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0518160A (en) | 2008-11-04 |
EP1802296A1 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
AU2005293830A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
AR053978A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
RU2401100C2 (en) | 2010-10-10 |
RU2007117790A (en) | 2008-11-20 |
MX2007004280A (en) | 2007-05-16 |
AU2005293830B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
TW200626135A (en) | 2006-08-01 |
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